Effects of Sediment on the Test of Total Phosphorus in Water

Based on previous studies,the effects of the type,content,particle size and state of sediment on the determination of total phosphorus in water are analyzed.The results show that the type of sediment has a certain influence on the determination result of total phosphorus,and the influence cannot be ignored.The degree of influence depends on the specific type.Sediment content is negatively correlated with the determination result of total phosphorus in water.That is,the higher the sediment content is,the lower the determination result is.The particle size of sediment is positively correlated with the determination result of total phosphorus in water.That is,the larger the particle size of sediment is,the higher the determination result is.Among the static,semi-suspended and completely suspended states,the sediment in the static state has the least impact on the determination of total phosphorus,and it has the greatest impact on the determination of total phosphorus when it is fully suspended.Therefore,in the analysis and testing process of total phosphorus,attention should be paid to the impact of sediment to improve the authenticity of the test results.

Sub-nanosized vanadate hybrid clusters maintain glucose homeostasis and restore treatment response in inflammatory disease in obese mice

Obesity is closely related with insulin resistance and chronic inflammation.Here,we report that unsaturated lipid-modified polyoxovanadates(ULPOVs)can restrict weight gain of diet-induced obese mice and improve their glycemic control and obesity-associated inflammation.Oral administration of the sub-nanosized ULPOVs at a low dosage for 7 weeks reduces the body weight and almost normalizes the blood glucose levels of obese mice fed on a high-fat diet.ULPOV treatment increases the activity of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)and reduces intestinal caloric intake,which may be the main reason for blood sugar and body weight control.In addition to insulin-sensitizing,PPARγactivation induced by ULPOV treatment in obese mice with atopic dermatitis(AD)promotes the type 2 T helper(TH_(2))cell selective responses and therapeutic effects on immune dysregulation caused by obesity.These data suggest sub-nanosized polyoxovanadate clusters as a class of potential candidates to relieve symptoms accompanied by diet-induced obesity.

Prediction of maximum upward displacement of shield tunnel linings during construction using particle swarm optimization-random forest algorithm

During construction,the shield linings of tunnels often face the problem of local or overall upward movement after leaving the shield tail in soft soil areas or during some large diameter shield projects.Differential floating will increase the initial stress on the segments and bolts which is harmful to the service performance of the tunnel.In this study we used a random forest(RF)algorithm combined particle swarm optimization(PSO)and 5-fold cross-validation(5-fold CV)to predict the maximum upward displacement of tunnel linings induced by shield tunnel excavation.The mechanism and factors causing upward movement of the tunnel lining are comprehensively summarized.Twelve input variables were selected according to results from analysis of influencing factors.The prediction performance of two models,PSO-RF and RF(default)were compared.The Gini value was obtained to represent the relative importance of the influencing factors to the upward displacement of linings.The PSO-RF model successfully predicted the maximum upward displacement of the tunnel linings with a low error(mean absolute error(MAE)=4.04 mm,root mean square error(RMSE)=5.67 mm)and high correlation(R^(2)=0.915).The thrust and depth of the tunnel were the most important factors in the prediction model influencing the upward displacement of the tunnel linings.

A systematic review of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates

Advanced natural killer/T cell lymphoma(NKTL)has demonstrated poor prognosis with currently available therapies.Here,we report the efficacy of anti-programmed death 1(PD-1)antibody with the P-GEMOX(pegaspargase,gemcitabine,and oxaliplatin)regimen in advanced NKTL.Nine patients underwent six 21-day cycles of anti-PD-1 antibody(day 1),pegaspargase 2000 U/m2(day 1),gemcitabine 1 g/m2(days 1 and 8)and oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2(day 1),followed by anti-PD-1 antibody maintenance every 3 weeks.Programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression and genetic alterations were determined in paraffin-embedded pretreatment tissue samples using immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing(NGS)analysis.Responses were assessed using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(18FDG-PET)and computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.Eight patients exhibited significant responses,comprising of seven complete remissions and one partial remission(overall response rate:88.9%).After a median follow-up of 10.6 months,6/9 patients(66.7%)remained in complete remission.The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were anemia(33.3%),neutropenia(33.3%),and thrombocytopenia(33.3%);all of which were manageable and resolved.Immunochemotherapy produced a high response rate in patients with positive PD-L1 expression(5/6,83.3%).NGS analysis suggested that STAT3/JAK3/PD-L1 alterations and ARID1A mutation were associated with immunochemotherapy efficacy.Mutation in DDX3X and alteration in epigenetic modifiers of KMT2D,TET2,and BCORL1 might indicate a poor response to immunochemotherapy.In conclusion,the anti-PD-1 antibody plus P-GEMOX regimen demonstrated promising efficacy in advanced NKTL.PD-L1 expression combined with specific genetic alterations could be used as potential biomarkers to predict therapeutic responses to immunochemotherapy.

Protein N-myristoylation:functions and mechanisms in control of innate immunity

Protein N-myristoylation is an important fatty acylation catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferases(NMTs),which are ubiquitous enzymes in eukaryotes.Specifically,attachment of a myristoyl group is vital for proteins participating in various biological functions,including signal transduction,cellular localization,and oncogenesis.Recent studies have revealed unexpected mechanisms indicating that protein N-myristoylation is involved in host defense against microbial and viral infections.In this review,we describe the current understanding of protein N-myristoylation(mainly focusing on myristoyl switches)and summarize its crucial roles in regulating innate immune responses,including TLR4-dependent inflammatory responses and demyristoylation-induced innate immunosuppression during Shigella flexneri infection.Furthermore,we examine the role of myristoylation in viral assembly,intracellular host interactions,and viral spread during human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1)infection.Deeper insight into the relationship between protein N-myristoylation and innate immunity might enable us to clarify the pathogenesis of certain infectious diseases and better harness protein N-myristoylation for new therapeutics.

Neurocutaneous melanosis with intraspinal malignant melanoma in adults—an extremely rare clinical entity: A case report with review of literature

Objectives: Neurocutaneous melanosis(NCM) in adult patients was rare, and few cases had been reported. In this report, we summarized the features of NCM in adult patients for providing useful information about this rare clinical entity. Methods: In this report, we present a case of a 41-year-old woman, who was eventually diagnosed with NCM with intraspinal malignant melanoma. The clinical features,treatments, and prognosis of cases of NCM in adults were thoroughly reviewed and discussed. Results: A 41-year-old woman was eventually diagnosed with NCM with intraspinal malignant melanoma. The post-operative course was uneventful and her symptoms significantly improved(VAS: 3 points). However, she developed symptoms of intracranial hypertension and deteriorated rapidly after 11 months of operation, and died 1 month later. To date, only 15 cases of NCM in adults have been reported in the English literature. Analyses showed that the average age was 33.8 years(range19–65 years), and 11 patients(68.8%) were between 20 and 40 years. A slight male predominance(M:F/11:5) was found. For the 12 cases which detailed follow-up information was available, 9 patients(75%) died, with a survival time ranging from 1 day to 29 months post-operation. Death occurred within the first month of operation in 6 cases(46. 2%). The median survival time was 3 months. Conclusions: We presented a rare case of NCM with intraspinal malignant melanoma in an adult patient. Although rare, this clinical entity causes significant mortality and has poor prognosis.