Amino acids are important substances that must be transported to tissues such as the brain and muscles. The process is considered insulin dependent. It is not known whether all the amino acids are almost equally depen...Amino acids are important substances that must be transported to tissues such as the brain and muscles. The process is considered insulin dependent. It is not known whether all the amino acids are almost equally dependent in their transportation to tissues. We want to know whether some important amino acids are transported differently from other amino acids. Especially tryptophan is important because it is converted to serotonin, melatonin or kynurenine. Results showed that Amino acids levels in the plasma were measured after the intakes of 50 grams of glucose or sucrose to young (18 - 22 years old) and old (≥50 years old) men. Total amino acids in the plasma decreased after the intakes of glucose. Total amino acids levels decreased more significantly in old men after the administration of sucrose. Total and non-essential amino acids in the plasma decreased significantly at 120 min after the intakes of glucose in young and old men, but only sucrose caused their decreases in both aged and young men. Both glucose and sucrose intakes decreased significantly the plasma levels of the total essential and branched amino acids in young and old men. Surprisingly, plasma levels of tryptophan did not decrease upon the administration of glucose but only slightly decreased upon the administration of sucrose in young men. In conclusion, not all the amino acids were transported well into tissues upon the administration of glucose or sucrose. Tryptophan seems to be relatively resistant for insulin to facilitate the transportation into tissues.展开更多
Background: Japanese women’s body mass index (BMI) was known to be the lowest among people in OECD countries. We wanted to compare foods intakes and relationships between intakes of particular food species and BMI. M...Background: Japanese women’s body mass index (BMI) was known to be the lowest among people in OECD countries. We wanted to compare foods intakes and relationships between intakes of particular food species and BMI. Methods: We asked young and middle-aged women to participate and used a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) to know the amounts of various food species they took. Results: Weights and BMI of young and middle-aged women were not different. Middle-aged women took almost all species of foods and energy more than young women. Except for cholesterol of soluble dietary fibers, there was no correlation between foods intakes and BMI. Conclusion: Both young and middle-aged Japanese women are lean (BMI;around 22). Middle-aged women took more energy, and proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids compared with young women. Middle-aged women spend more energy on house workings than young women in Japan.展开更多
Background: It is not known whether plasma amino acids levels are different between young and old men in Japan. No research has been reported about changes in plasma levels of amino acids after the administration of g...Background: It is not known whether plasma amino acids levels are different between young and old men in Japan. No research has been reported about changes in plasma levels of amino acids after the administration of glucose or sucrose to young and aged men. Objective: We want to know whether there are age differences in plasma levels of amino acids and if the administration of glucose or sucrose influences their levels. Results: Old people had lower plasma levels of most of amino acids, especially essential and branched-chain amino acids than young men. Plasma levels of amino acids were measured after the administration of 50 grams of glucose or sucrose to young (18 - 22 years old) and aged (≥50 years old) male adults. Plasma levels of total amino acids decreased after the administration of glucose. Decrease in the total amino acid levels was significant in aged men after the administration of sucrose. A significant decrease in plasma levels of total non-essential amino acids was observed at 120 min after the administration of glucose but not sucrose in both aged and young men. Both glucose and sucrose administrations resulted in a significant decrease in the plasma levels of the total essential amino acid levels and branched amino acids in young and aged men. Conclusion: These results suggest that there are age differences in plasma levels of amino acids. Upon the administration of glucose or sucrose amino acids, particularly essential amino acids, decreased in plasma. These amino acids may be transported from the blood soon after the administration of sugar (glucose or sucrose) to the tissues, such as muscles, possibly due to an increase in the insulin levels.展开更多
文摘Amino acids are important substances that must be transported to tissues such as the brain and muscles. The process is considered insulin dependent. It is not known whether all the amino acids are almost equally dependent in their transportation to tissues. We want to know whether some important amino acids are transported differently from other amino acids. Especially tryptophan is important because it is converted to serotonin, melatonin or kynurenine. Results showed that Amino acids levels in the plasma were measured after the intakes of 50 grams of glucose or sucrose to young (18 - 22 years old) and old (≥50 years old) men. Total amino acids in the plasma decreased after the intakes of glucose. Total amino acids levels decreased more significantly in old men after the administration of sucrose. Total and non-essential amino acids in the plasma decreased significantly at 120 min after the intakes of glucose in young and old men, but only sucrose caused their decreases in both aged and young men. Both glucose and sucrose intakes decreased significantly the plasma levels of the total essential and branched amino acids in young and old men. Surprisingly, plasma levels of tryptophan did not decrease upon the administration of glucose but only slightly decreased upon the administration of sucrose in young men. In conclusion, not all the amino acids were transported well into tissues upon the administration of glucose or sucrose. Tryptophan seems to be relatively resistant for insulin to facilitate the transportation into tissues.
文摘Background: Japanese women’s body mass index (BMI) was known to be the lowest among people in OECD countries. We wanted to compare foods intakes and relationships between intakes of particular food species and BMI. Methods: We asked young and middle-aged women to participate and used a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) to know the amounts of various food species they took. Results: Weights and BMI of young and middle-aged women were not different. Middle-aged women took almost all species of foods and energy more than young women. Except for cholesterol of soluble dietary fibers, there was no correlation between foods intakes and BMI. Conclusion: Both young and middle-aged Japanese women are lean (BMI;around 22). Middle-aged women took more energy, and proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids compared with young women. Middle-aged women spend more energy on house workings than young women in Japan.
文摘Background: It is not known whether plasma amino acids levels are different between young and old men in Japan. No research has been reported about changes in plasma levels of amino acids after the administration of glucose or sucrose to young and aged men. Objective: We want to know whether there are age differences in plasma levels of amino acids and if the administration of glucose or sucrose influences their levels. Results: Old people had lower plasma levels of most of amino acids, especially essential and branched-chain amino acids than young men. Plasma levels of amino acids were measured after the administration of 50 grams of glucose or sucrose to young (18 - 22 years old) and aged (≥50 years old) male adults. Plasma levels of total amino acids decreased after the administration of glucose. Decrease in the total amino acid levels was significant in aged men after the administration of sucrose. A significant decrease in plasma levels of total non-essential amino acids was observed at 120 min after the administration of glucose but not sucrose in both aged and young men. Both glucose and sucrose administrations resulted in a significant decrease in the plasma levels of the total essential amino acid levels and branched amino acids in young and aged men. Conclusion: These results suggest that there are age differences in plasma levels of amino acids. Upon the administration of glucose or sucrose amino acids, particularly essential amino acids, decreased in plasma. These amino acids may be transported from the blood soon after the administration of sugar (glucose or sucrose) to the tissues, such as muscles, possibly due to an increase in the insulin levels.
