We report a process route to fabricate an Al–Al interpenetrating-phase composite by combining the Al–Mg–Mn–Sc–Zr lattice structure and Al_(84)Ni_(7)Gd_(6)Co_(3)nanostructured structure. The lattice structure was ...We report a process route to fabricate an Al–Al interpenetrating-phase composite by combining the Al–Mg–Mn–Sc–Zr lattice structure and Al_(84)Ni_(7)Gd_(6)Co_(3)nanostructured structure. The lattice structure was produced by the selective laser melting and subsequently filled with the Al_(84)Ni_(7)Gd_(6)Co_(3)amorphous powder, and finally the mixture was used for hot extrusion to produce bulk samples. The results show that the composites achieve a high densification and good interface bonding due to the element diffusion and plastic deformation during hot extrusion.The bulk samples show a heterogeneous structure with a combination of honeycomb lattice structure with an average grain size of less than1 μm and nanostructured area with a high volume fraction of nanometric intermetallics and nanograin α-Al. The heterogeneous structure leads to a bimodal mechanical zone with hard area and soft area giving rise to high strength and acceptable plasticity, where the compressive yield strength and the compressive plasticity can reach ~745 MPa and ~30%, respectively. The high strength can be explained by the rule of mixture,the grain boundary strengthening, and the back stress, while the acceptable plasticity is mainly owing to the confinement effect of the nanostructured area retarding the brittle fracture behavior.展开更多
Objective:This work aimed to report the first complete mitochondrial genome(mitogenome)of Rheum palmatum,summarize the features of Caryophyllales mitogenomes,and to reveal the potential of utilizing the mitogenomes of...Objective:This work aimed to report the first complete mitochondrial genome(mitogenome)of Rheum palmatum,summarize the features of Caryophyllales mitogenomes,and to reveal the potential of utilizing the mitogenomes of R.palmatum and other Caryophyllales species for inferring phylogenetic relationships and species identification.Methods:Both Illumina short reads and PacBio HiFi reads were utilized to obtain a complete mitogenome of R.palmatum.A variety of bioinformatics tools were employed to characterize the R.palmatum mitogenome,compare the reported mitogenomes in Caryophyllales and conduct phylogenetic analysis.Results:The mitogenome of R.palmatum was assembled into a single master circle of 302,993 bp,encoding 35 known protein-coding genes,18 transfer RNA genes,and three ribosome RNA genes.A total of 249 long repeats and 49 simple sequence repeats were identified in this mitogenome.The sizes of mitogenomes in Caryophyllales varied from 253 kb to 11.3 Mb.Among them,23 mitogenomes were circular molecules,one was linear,and one consisted of relaxed circles,linear molecules,and supercoiled DNA.Out of the total mitogenomes,11 were single-chromosome structure,whereas the remaining 14 were multi-chromosomal organizations.The phylogenetic analysis is consistent with both the Engler system(1964)and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III system.Conclusions:We obtained the first mitogenome of R.palmatum,which consists of a master circle.Mitogenomes in Caryophyllales have variable genome sizes and structures even within the same species.Circular molecules are still the dominant pattern in Caryophyllales.Single-chromosome mitogenomes account for nearly a half of all the mitogenomes in Caryophyllales,in contrast to previous studies.It is feasible to utilize mitochondrial genomes for inferring phylogenetic relationships and conducting species identification.展开更多
Magnesium oxide was found to have high-phosphate-affinity as an effective component to enhance the phosphate removal ability of common adsorbent materials.However,the currently prepared MgO-based hybrid adsorbents by ...Magnesium oxide was found to have high-phosphate-affinity as an effective component to enhance the phosphate removal ability of common adsorbent materials.However,the currently prepared MgO-based hybrid adsorbents by conventional methods still suffer from the limited low loading of MgO and inferior removal performances,much far away from practical application.In this study,an ingenious carbon coated MgO nanocomposite is designed by directly burning magnesium in CO_(2),a well-known textbook reaction.X-ray diffraction analysis,scanning electron microscope and aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscope demonstrate the sample is well prepared.Consequently,the high content of nanosized MgO combined with defect-rich carbon layer brings unprecedented phosphate removal capacity of 1135.0 mg/g,removal rate of 99% and benign compatibility with coexisting anions and solution pH.Furthermore,the removal mechanism is also investigated in detail by characterizing the sample before and after adsorption.展开更多
Global concerns have been paid to the potential hazard of traditional herbal medicinal products(THMPs). Substandard and counterfeit THMPs, including traditional Chinese patent medicine, health foods, dietary supplemen...Global concerns have been paid to the potential hazard of traditional herbal medicinal products(THMPs). Substandard and counterfeit THMPs, including traditional Chinese patent medicine, health foods, dietary supplements, etc. are potential threats to public health. Recent marketplace studies using DNA barcoding have determined that the current quality control methods are not sufficient for ensuring the presence of authentic herbal ingredients and detection of contaminants/adulterants. An efficient biomonitoring method for THMPs is of great needed. Herein, metabarcoding and single-molecule, realtime(SMRT) sequencing were used to detect the multiple ingredients in Jiuwei Qianghuo Wan(JWQHW), a classical herbal prescription widely used in China for the last 800 years. Reference experimental mixtures and commercial JWQHW products from the marketplace were used to confirm the method. Successful SMRT sequencing results recovered 5416 and 4342 circular-consensus sequencing(CCS) reads belonging to the ITS2 and psb A-trn H regions. The results suggest that with the combination of metabarcoding and SMRT sequencing, it is repeatable, reliable, and sensitive enough to detect species in the THMPs, and the error in SMRT sequencing did not affect the ability to identify multiple prescribed species and several adulterants/contaminants. It has the potential for becoming a valuable tool for the biomonitoring of multi-ingredient THMPs.展开更多
基金financially supported by the High-end Foreign Experts Recruitment Program (No. G2021163004L)the Guangdong International Science and Technology Cooperation Program (No. 2021A0505050002)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2020YFB 2008300, 2020YFB2009301, and 2020YFB2008305)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (No. 2020A1515 011242)。
文摘We report a process route to fabricate an Al–Al interpenetrating-phase composite by combining the Al–Mg–Mn–Sc–Zr lattice structure and Al_(84)Ni_(7)Gd_(6)Co_(3)nanostructured structure. The lattice structure was produced by the selective laser melting and subsequently filled with the Al_(84)Ni_(7)Gd_(6)Co_(3)amorphous powder, and finally the mixture was used for hot extrusion to produce bulk samples. The results show that the composites achieve a high densification and good interface bonding due to the element diffusion and plastic deformation during hot extrusion.The bulk samples show a heterogeneous structure with a combination of honeycomb lattice structure with an average grain size of less than1 μm and nanostructured area with a high volume fraction of nanometric intermetallics and nanograin α-Al. The heterogeneous structure leads to a bimodal mechanical zone with hard area and soft area giving rise to high strength and acceptable plasticity, where the compressive yield strength and the compressive plasticity can reach ~745 MPa and ~30%, respectively. The high strength can be explained by the rule of mixture,the grain boundary strengthening, and the back stress, while the acceptable plasticity is mainly owing to the confinement effect of the nanostructured area retarding the brittle fracture behavior.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81874339)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2022-I2M-1-018).
文摘Objective:This work aimed to report the first complete mitochondrial genome(mitogenome)of Rheum palmatum,summarize the features of Caryophyllales mitogenomes,and to reveal the potential of utilizing the mitogenomes of R.palmatum and other Caryophyllales species for inferring phylogenetic relationships and species identification.Methods:Both Illumina short reads and PacBio HiFi reads were utilized to obtain a complete mitogenome of R.palmatum.A variety of bioinformatics tools were employed to characterize the R.palmatum mitogenome,compare the reported mitogenomes in Caryophyllales and conduct phylogenetic analysis.Results:The mitogenome of R.palmatum was assembled into a single master circle of 302,993 bp,encoding 35 known protein-coding genes,18 transfer RNA genes,and three ribosome RNA genes.A total of 249 long repeats and 49 simple sequence repeats were identified in this mitogenome.The sizes of mitogenomes in Caryophyllales varied from 253 kb to 11.3 Mb.Among them,23 mitogenomes were circular molecules,one was linear,and one consisted of relaxed circles,linear molecules,and supercoiled DNA.Out of the total mitogenomes,11 were single-chromosome structure,whereas the remaining 14 were multi-chromosomal organizations.The phylogenetic analysis is consistent with both the Engler system(1964)and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III system.Conclusions:We obtained the first mitogenome of R.palmatum,which consists of a master circle.Mitogenomes in Caryophyllales have variable genome sizes and structures even within the same species.Circular molecules are still the dominant pattern in Caryophyllales.Single-chromosome mitogenomes account for nearly a half of all the mitogenomes in Caryophyllales,in contrast to previous studies.It is feasible to utilize mitochondrial genomes for inferring phylogenetic relationships and conducting species identification.
基金This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China through grant 2018YFC1900102A portion of this work was conducted at Argonne National Laboratory.Argonne National Laboratory is operated for DOE Office of Science by UChicago Argonne,LLC,under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357This study was performed,in part,at the Center for Nanoscale Materials,a US Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility,and supported by the US Department of Energy,Office of Science,under Contract No.DE-AC02-06CH11357.
文摘Magnesium oxide was found to have high-phosphate-affinity as an effective component to enhance the phosphate removal ability of common adsorbent materials.However,the currently prepared MgO-based hybrid adsorbents by conventional methods still suffer from the limited low loading of MgO and inferior removal performances,much far away from practical application.In this study,an ingenious carbon coated MgO nanocomposite is designed by directly burning magnesium in CO_(2),a well-known textbook reaction.X-ray diffraction analysis,scanning electron microscope and aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscope demonstrate the sample is well prepared.Consequently,the high content of nanosized MgO combined with defect-rich carbon layer brings unprecedented phosphate removal capacity of 1135.0 mg/g,removal rate of 99% and benign compatibility with coexisting anions and solution pH.Furthermore,the removal mechanism is also investigated in detail by characterizing the sample before and after adsorption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81373922)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (Grant No. CIFMS, 2016-I2M-3–016)
文摘Global concerns have been paid to the potential hazard of traditional herbal medicinal products(THMPs). Substandard and counterfeit THMPs, including traditional Chinese patent medicine, health foods, dietary supplements, etc. are potential threats to public health. Recent marketplace studies using DNA barcoding have determined that the current quality control methods are not sufficient for ensuring the presence of authentic herbal ingredients and detection of contaminants/adulterants. An efficient biomonitoring method for THMPs is of great needed. Herein, metabarcoding and single-molecule, realtime(SMRT) sequencing were used to detect the multiple ingredients in Jiuwei Qianghuo Wan(JWQHW), a classical herbal prescription widely used in China for the last 800 years. Reference experimental mixtures and commercial JWQHW products from the marketplace were used to confirm the method. Successful SMRT sequencing results recovered 5416 and 4342 circular-consensus sequencing(CCS) reads belonging to the ITS2 and psb A-trn H regions. The results suggest that with the combination of metabarcoding and SMRT sequencing, it is repeatable, reliable, and sensitive enough to detect species in the THMPs, and the error in SMRT sequencing did not affect the ability to identify multiple prescribed species and several adulterants/contaminants. It has the potential for becoming a valuable tool for the biomonitoring of multi-ingredient THMPs.
