Pressure-induced growth of coralloid-like FeF_(2) nanocrystals to enable high-performance conversion cathode

Fluoride ferrous(FeF_(2))is viewed as a promising conversion cathode material for next-generation lithiumion batteries(LIBs)due to its high theoretical specific capacity and low cost.Unfortunately,issues such as poor intrinsic conductivity,iron dissolution,and phase separation hinder the application of FeF_(2)in highenergy cathodes.Here,a pressure-induced morphology control method is designed to prepare coralloidlike FeF_(2)nanocrystals with nitrogen-rich carbon coating(c-FeF_(2)@NC).The coralloid-like interconnected crystal structure of c-FeF_(2)@NC contributes to reducing interfacial resistance and enhancing the topotactic transformation during the conversion reaction,and the nitrogen-rich carbon(NC)coating can enhance interfacial stability and kinetic performance.When used as a conversion cathode for LIBs,c-FeF_(2)@NC exhibits a high initial reversible capacity of 503.57 mA h g^(-1)and excellent cycling stability of497.61 m A h g^(-1)with a low capacity decay of 1.19%over 50 cycles at 0.1 A/g.Even at 1 A/g,a stable capacity of 263.78 mA h g^(-1)can still be retained after 200 cycles.The capability of c-FeF_(2)@NC as a conversion cathode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)was also evaluated to expand its field of application.Furthermore,two kinds of full batteries have been assembled by employing c-FeF_(2)@NC as cathodes and quantitative limited-Li(LLi)and pre-lithiated reduced graphene oxide(PGO)as anodes,respectively,to envisage the feasibility of practical applications of conversion materials.

Advances in the Intervention of Prunella Spica Capsules on Postoperative Recurrence of Nodular Goiter

As important drugs for the treatment of nodular goiter(NG),Prunella Spica preparations are widely used clinically,and have a significant effect on NG.Various active ingredients in the preparations intervene in the formation of NG by inhibiting the proliferation of thyroid follicular cells,promoting cell apoptosis,regulating immunity,improving the microcirculation of thyroid tissue and other mechanisms,and can reduce the postoperative recurrence of NG.

甲状腺多发良性结节术后并发症风险的比较——Meta分析(英文)

Objective: The aim of our study was to compare the risk of main postoperative complications of patients un- derwent total thyroidectomy (TT), near total thyroidectomy (NTT) and subtotal thyroidectomy (ST) for treating BMNG. Methods: Electronic databases including Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, EMbase, Medline, SCI Expanded-ISI, NTIS, SIGLE and CNKI were searched. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials which compared the incidence of postoperative complications of TT with ST/NTT for treating BMNG. Data extraction was using predefined data fields and assessment of methodological quality with the GRADE approach. A Mantel-Haenszel random-effects model was used and the effect sizes were expressed by using relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Four studies including 881 participants that met inclusion criteria were analyzed. Compared with ST/NTT, TT was associated with increased risk of transient RLNI (recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries) (relative risk 2.18, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 4.42; P < 0.05) and transient hypocalcemia (3.79, 1.64 to 8.77; P < 0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in permanent RLNI (1.36, 0.31 to 6.02; P > 0.05) and permanent hypocalcemia (2.37, 0.35 to 15.97; P > 0.05). The quality of evidence for each individual outcome was ultimately rated as moderate (permanent RLNI and permanent hypocalcemia), low (transient RLNI and transient hypocalcemia). Conclusion: For treating BMNG with thyroidectomy, there were no statistically significant differences in postoperative complications between TT and ST/NTT on a long view.

N-cycle gene abundance determination of N mineralization rate following re-afforestation in the Loess Plateau of China

Afforestation effectively improved soil microbial communities and significantly increased soil nitro-gen mineralization rate(Rm).Soil microorganisms drive Rm by regulating soil N-cycling genes.Soil nitrification genes had a major effect on soil Rm than denitrification genes after afforestation.Assessing the function of forest ecosystems requires an understanding of the mechanism of soil nitrogen mineralization.However,it remains unclear how soil N-cycling genes drive soil nitrogen mineralization during afforestation.In this study,we collected soil samples from a chrono-sequence of 14,20,30,and 45 years of Robinia pseudoacacia L.(RP14,RP20,RP30,and RP45)with a sloped farmland(FL)as a control.Through metagenomic sequencing analysis,we found significant changes in the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities involved in N-cycling along the afforestation time series,with afforestation effectively increasing the diversity(both alpha and beta diversity)of soil microbial communities.We conducted indoor culture experiments and analyzed correlations,which revealed a significant increase in both soil nitrification rate(Rn)and soil nitrogen mineralization rate(Rm)with increasing stand age.Furthermore,we found a strong correlation between soil Rm and soil microbial diversity(both alpha and beta diversity)and with the abundance of soil N-cycling genes.Partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM)analysis showed that nitrification genes(narH,narY,nxrB,narG,narZ,nxrA,hao,pmoC-amoC)and denitrification genes(norB,nosZ,nirK)had a greater direct effect on soil Rm compared to their effect on soil microbial communities.Our results reveal the relationships between soil nitrogen mineralization rate and soil microbial communities and between the mineralization rate and functional genes involved in N-cycling,in the context of Robinia pseudoacacia L.restoration on the Loess Plateau.This study enriches the understanding of the effects of microorganisms on soil nitrogen mineralization rate during afforestation and provides a new theoretical basis for evaluating soil nitrogen mineralization mechanisms during forest succession.

Establishment of a humanized mouse model using steady-state peripheral blood-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells facilitates screening of cancer-targeted T-cell repertoires

Background:Cancer-targeted T-cell receptor T(TCR-T)cells hold promise in treating cancers such as hematological malignancies and breast cancers.However,approaches to obtain cancer-reactive TCR-T cells have been unsuccessful.Methods:Here,we developed a novel strategy to screen for cancer-targeted TCR-T cells using a special humanized mouse model with person-specific immune fingerprints.Rare steady-state circulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were expanded via three-dimensional culture of steady-state peripheral blood mononuclear cells,and then the expanded cells were applied to establish humanized mice.The human immune system was evaluated according to the kinetics of dendritic cells,monocytes,T-cell subsets,and cytokines.To fully stimulate the immune response and to obtain B-cell precursor NAML-6-and triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231-targeted TCR-T cells,we used the inactivated cells above to treat humanized mice twice a day every 7 days.Then,human T cells were processed for TCRβ-chain(TRB)sequencing analysis.After the repertoires had been constructed,features such as the fraction,diversity,and immune signature were investigated.Results:The results demonstrated an increase in diversity and clonality of T cells after treatment.The preferential usage and features of TRBV,TRBJ,and the V–J combination were also changed.The stress also induced highly clonal Science and Technology,Grant/Award Number:2021C03010;Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:LTGY24H080003,LY21H080004 expansion.Tumor burden and survival analysis demonstrated that stress induction could significantly inhibit the growth of subsequently transfused live tumor cells and prolong the survival of the humanized mice.Conclusions:We constructed a personalized humanized mouse model to screen cancer-targeted TCR-T pools.Our platform provides an effective source of cancer-targeted TCR-T cells and allows for the design of patient-specific engineered T cells.It therefore has the potential to greatly benefit cancer treatment.

独立董事信息获取与高管薪酬合理性——来自股东大会的经验证据

企业真实信息是独立董事正确决策的基础。文章利用独立董事参加股东大会的特定场景,考察独立董事从中自主获取信息与高管薪酬合理性的关系。结果发现,独立董事能够通过参加股东大会获得真实信息并据此抑制高管薪酬,且独立董事的信息接收能力越强,其通过参加股东大会获得信息对高管薪酬的抑制作用就越明显。这种信息接收能力表现在独立董事处于第二任期、兼任薪酬委员会委员、具有财务会计专业背景等。机制检验表明,上述作用通过减少高管盈余操纵行为得以实现。研究结论表明,独立董事通过参加股东大会能够直接获取企业真实信息并提高监督效果,为资本市场完善投资者保护制度提供了直接证据。

Efficient expansion of rare human circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in steady-state blood using a polypeptide-forming 3D culture

Although widely applied in treating hematopoietic malignancies,transplantation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells(HSPCs)is impeded by HSPC shortage.Whether circulating HSPCs(cHSPCs)in steady-state blood could be used as an alternative source remains largely elusive.Here we develop a three-dimensional culture system(3DCS)including arginine,glycine,aspartate,and a series of factors.Fourteen-day culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMNCs)in 3DCS led to 125-and 70-fold increase of the frequency and number of CD34+cells.Further,3DCS-expanded cHSPCs exhibited the similar reconstitution rate com-pared to CD34+HSPCs in bone marrow.Mechanistically,3DCS fabricated an immunomodulatory niche,secreting cytokines as TNF to support cHSPC survival and proliferation.Finally,3DCS could also promote the expansion of cHSPCs in patients who failed in HSPC mobilization.Our 3DCS successfully expands rare cHSPCs,providing an alternative source for the HSPC therapy,particularly for the patients/donors who have failed in HSPC mobilization.

A DNA G-quadruplex converts SOD1 into fibrillar aggregates

Nucleic acids with G4 elements play a role in the formation of aggregates involved in intracellular phase transitions.Our previous studies suggest that different forms of DNA could act as an accelerating template in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase(SOD1)aggregation.Here,we examined the regulation of fo rmation and cytotoxicity of the SOD1 aggregates by single-stranded 12-merdeoxynucleotide oligomers(dN)_(12)(N=A,T,G,C;ssDNAs)under acidic conditions.The ssDNAs can be divided into two groups based on their roles in SOD1 binding,exposure of hydrophobic clusters in SOD1,accelerated formation,morphology and cytotoxicity of SOD1 aggregates.G-quadruplexes convert SOD1 into fibrillar aggregates as a template,a fact which was observed for the first time in the nucleic acid regulation of protein aggregation.Moreover,the fibrillar or fibril-like SOD1 species with a G-quadruplex provided by(dG)_(12)were less toxic than the amorphous species with(dN)_(12)(N=A,T).This study not only indicates that both morphology and cytotoxicity of protein aggregates can be regulated by the protein-bound DNAs,but also help us understand roles of nucleic aid G-quadruplexes in the formation of aggregates and membrane less organelles involved in intracellular phase transitions.