Improving the accuracy of genomic prediction for meat quality traits using whole genome sequence data in pigs

Background Pork quality can directly affect customer purchase tendency and meat quality traits have become valu-able in modern pork production.However,genetic improvement has been slow due to high phenotyping costs.In this study,whole genome sequence(WGS)data was used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of genomic best linear unbiased prediction(GBLUP)for meat quality in large-scale crossbred commercial pigs.Results We produced WGS data(18,695,907 SNPs and 2,106,902 INDELs exceed quality control)from 1,469 sequenced Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire)pigs and developed a reference panel for meat quality including meat color score,marbling score,L*(lightness),a*(redness),and b*(yellowness)of genomic prediction.The prediction accuracy was defined as the Pearson correlation coefficient between adjusted phenotypes and genomic estimated breeding values in the validation population.Using different marker density panels derived from WGS data,accuracy differed substantially among meat quality traits,varied from 0.08 to 0.47.Results showed that MultiBLUP outperform GBLUP and yielded accuracy increases ranging from 17.39%to 75%.We optimized the marker density and found medium-and high-density marker panels are beneficial for the estimation of heritability for meat quality.Moreover,we conducted genotype imputation from 50K chip to WGS level in the same population and found average concord-ance rate to exceed 95%and r^(2)=0.81.Conclusions Overall,estimation of heritability for meat quality traits can benefit from the use of WGS data.This study showed the superiority of using WGS data to genetically improve pork quality in genomic prediction.

Inhibition mechanism of air nanobubbles on brass corrosion in circulating cooling water systems

Air nanobubbles(A-NBs)were used to inhibit the brass corrosion in circulating cooling water for the first time in the study.The results of mass loss method and electrochemical method showed that A-NBs had the obvious corrosion inhibition effect.The inhibition rate reached 52%at 35℃.The impedance and surface characterization results of corrosion samples indicated that the corrosion inhibition mechanisms of A-NBs mainly included adsorption of corrosion ions,promoting the formation of the passivation film on metal surface and the formation of the bubble layer and scale film on metal surface.A-NBs are potential excellent corrosion inhibitors.

Application Strategy of PLC Technology in Energy-Saving Control of Tunnel Lighting

In this study,we investigated on the application of planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology in energy-saving control of tunnel lighting.The application status of PLC in the field of energy saving followed by the necessity of energy saving in tunnel lighting was analyzed.Finally,the application of PLC in tunnel lighting energy-saving control around the three dimensions of system overall architecture design,control scheme,and program control process was investigated.The results showed that the system meets the requirements of control effect,robustness,and visual effect after trial operation,and is suitable for practical applications.

舌尖上的毒素——河豚毒素

河豚文化是我国饮食文化史上不可忽视的精彩篇章,河豚体内含有的河豚毒素作为一种强效的非蛋白质神经毒素,主要是通过对电压门控钠通道的高度选择性阻断起作用。河豚毒素是最为致命的毒素之一,人体摄入极低剂量(1.5–2.0 mg)便会致死,但目前发现在远低于LD50水平给药时,河豚毒素展现出对神经性疼痛、癌症相关疼痛和毒品戒断等独特的治疗特性。本文简述河豚毒素结构的解析过程,并简要介绍了作用机制和未来在医疗上的应用前景。

Decrease in the Ki67 index during neoadjuvant chemotherapy predicts favorable relapse-free survival in patients with locally advanced breast cancer

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the optimal cutoffs of the three parameters of Ki67 during NAC for predicting patient prognosis and investigate whether the optimal cutoffs of the Ki67 values were associated with relapse-free survival(RFS) or breast cancer-specific survival(BCSS).Methods: A total of 92 patients with locally advanced breast cancer(LABC), who had residual disease after NAC were retrospectively investigated.The optimal cutoff values of the Ki67 parameters were assessed by the online algorithm Cutoff Finder.Kaplan-Meier analysis, the log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were carried out to analyze survival.Results: The optimal cutoff values for the postsurgical Ki67 level and the decrease in the Ki67 level during NAC were defined as 25% and 12.5%, respectively.According to the univariate survival analysis, a higher Ki67 level in residual disease was associated with poor RFS(P = 0.004) and BCSS(P = 0.014).In addition, a Ki67 expression decrease > 12.5% during NAC was related to favorable RFS(P = 0.007), but was not related to BCSS(P = 0.452).Cox regression analysis showed that the Ki67 expression decrease(> 12.5% vs.≤ 12.5%) and histological grade(grade 3 vs.grade 1-2) were the independent factors associated with RFS(P =0.020 and P = 0.023, respectively), with HR values of 0.353(95% CI: 0.147-0.850) and 3.422(95% CI: 1.188-9.858), respectively.Conclusions: The Ki67 decrease was one of the independent factors associated with RFS in LABC patients with residual disease after receiving NAC.

Safety and Applicability Evaluation of Railway Bridges in China

There are more than eight different design standards in use for the existing railway bridges in China, which have different applicabilities for bridges built in different periods. In this paper, the design load standards in different periods are introduced and compared; The working status of the railway is investigated. According to the developing trend of separating passenger and freight transports, by comparing the computed results of the bridge effect and the fatigue cumulative damage, the applicabilities of bearing capacity and fatigue are analyzed for existing bridges. The results indicate that the bearing capacities of 99% existing bridges are suitable for the demand of 26.5 t （axle-weight） freight trains. However, for culverts, bridges with spans less than 20 m, longitudinal and transverse beams of through bridges, suspenders of truss bridges and other locally-stressed members should be evaluated and reinforced due to the increasing axle-weight.

Stem cell properties and neural differentiation of sheep amniotic epithelial cells

This study was designed to verify the stem cell properties of sheep amniotic epithelial cells and their capacity for neural differentiation. Immunofluorescence microscopy and reverse transcription-PCR revealed that the sheep amniotic epithelial cells were positive for the embryonic stem cell marker proteins SSEA-1, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and TRA-1-81, and the totipotency-associated genes Oct-4, Sox-2 and Rex-1, but negative for Nanog. Amniotic epithelial cells expressed β-Ⅲ-tubulin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, nestin and microtubule-associated protein-2 at 28 days after induction with serum-free neurobasal-A medium containing B-27. Thus, sheep amniotic epithelial cells could differentiate into neurons expressing β-Ⅲ-tubulin and microtubule-associated protein-2, and glial-like cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein, under specific conditions.

Bone morphogenetic protein-7 induced bone marrow stromal cells differentiate into neuron-like cells

Bone morphogenetic protein-7 is widely accepted as an inducer for bone marrow stem cells differentiating into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Whether bone marrow stromal cells differentiate into neuron-like cells remains unclear. The current study examined the presence of positive cells for intermediate filament protein and microtubule associated protein-2 in the cytoplasm of bone marrow stromal cells induced by bone morphogenetic protein-7 under an inverted microscope, while no expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein was found. Reverse transcription PCR electrophoresis also revealed a positive target band for intermediate filament protein and microtubule-associated protein 2 mRNA. These results confirmed that bone morphogenetic protein-7 induces rat bone marrow stromal cells differentiating into neuron-like cells.

Experimental analysis of interface contact behavior using a novel image processing method

The spatial and temporal evolution of real contact area of contact interface with loads is a challenge.It is generally believed that there is a positive linear correlation between real contact area and normal load.However,with the development of measuring instruments and methods,some scholars have found that the growth rate of real contact area will slow down with the increase of normal load under certain conditions,such as large-scale interface contact with small roughness surface,which is called the nonlinear phenomenon of real contact area.At present,there is no unified conclusion on the explanation of this phenomenon.We set up an experimental apparatus based on the total reflection principle to verify this phenomenon and analyze its mechanism.An image processing method is proposed,which can be used to quantitative analysis micro contact behaviors on macro contact phenomenon.The weighted superposition method is used to identify micro contact spots,to calculate the real contact area,and the color superimposed image is used to identify micro contact behaviors.Based on this method,the spatiotemporal evolution mechanism of real contact area nonlinear phenomena is quantitatively analyzed.Furthermore,the influence of nonlinear phenomenon of real contact area on the whole loading and unloading process is analyzed experimentally.It is found that the effects of fluid between contact interface,normal load amplitude and initial contact state on contact behavior cannot be ignored in large-scale interface contact with small roughness surface.

论消解说谎者悖论的索引性路径

伯奇表明真值谓词因其索引性可以在不同语境中有不同的外延,语境中的外延转变阻止了矛盾等价式的产生,从而消解了强化的说谎者悖论。显然,索引性因素是解悖的关键,但伯奇引入索引性真值谓词的合理性受到质疑,他的理论被批评为诉诸于素朴直觉。运用卡普兰建立的索引词逻辑,能够为伯奇解悖方案的确立提供理论基石。通过理论分析,不同语境中真值谓词外延的转变被刻画为内容的转变,有确定语言学意义的真值谓词所隐藏的不同认识论意义被揭示出来,这恰好能作为真值谓词索引性的理论依据,使伯奇方案更易为人接受。此外,利用国内学者近期研究中发展出的新理论成果去分析伯奇方案,也会得到同样的启示,即真值谓词可以有不同的认识论意义,从而有着不同的内容,使得矛盾等价式的构建无效。

Insulin reverses MCP-1 suppressed cholesterol efflux to HDL3/ApoA1 through up-regulation of ABCA1,ABCG1 and SR-BI in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Objective Insulin has been reported to influence cholesterol removal from different cells,but the Results have been controversial.Based on our previous study,which we found that insulin promote cholesterol efflux from HepG2 cells and can reverse the decreased cholesterol efflux to HDL though PI3K-Akt pathway,we further investigate the effects of insulin on damaged cholesterol efflux by MCP-1 in this report.

Plasma HDL-C responses to endurance exercise training:is it a "wonder" drug?A Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective Evidence is lacking for the exercise characteristics in increasing HDL-C level regardless of endurance exercise elevating HDL-Clevel. The aim of this study is to clarify the effect and characteristics of exercise in increasing HDL-C in randomized control trials (RCTs).

Application Research on Toughness Index CTOD in Design of Railway Steel Bridge

Railway steel bridge belongs to large-scale weld structures suffered with cyclic dynamic stress generated by the train. In recent years, the section of bridge member becomes bigger, plate becomes thicker, connection form becomes more complicated and steel bridge is applied to wider districts even in the lower temperature environment. Thus, fatigue and fracture problems become more serious. On the basis of CTOD （crack tip open displacement） test data of 372 specimens tested in different temperatures, this paper discusses research work about fracture proof design that involves how to determine the criterion of CVN （Charpy V-notch） impact toughness by establishing the relationship between CTOD and CVN, how to prevent from brittle fracture by stress control in railway steel bridge design based on COD （crack open displacement） design curve through the test data and how to do the fatigue design for railway steel bridge at -50 ℃ of design temperature in an easy way. The method of fatigue design at -50 ℃ environment has been used for railway steel bridge structure of Qinghai-Tibet Railway in China.

探寻最美的欧洲古镇 走进神秘古国希腊千年文明城邦的迷思(四)——希腊剧场的“碗”中民主

碗底是声音和权力的中心，不论场面多么盛大，只要把它们放进一个“碗”里，就变成一台可控的戏。对碗型的关注，后来造成了世界上最伟大的建筑发想之一。希腊圆形剧场一只巨碗，盛放得下宫殿和战争、神界和地狱、人性罪恶的深渊和命运迷茫的海洋。圆形剧场这只大碗，为雅典公民盛上的最有意义的，就是一个提出问题的空间，一个不同意的空间，一个民主的空间。

Application of Distributed Intelligent Power Supply Technology in Expressway Tunnels

With the coordinated development of today's social economy with science and technology,various advanced technologies are being used in highway engineering,especially the distributed intelligent power supply technology in expressway tunnels,which has a very significant advantage.In order to realize the effective application of this technology and promote the power supply effect in expressway tunnel,this study analyzes the advantages of this technology and its application in expressway tunnel,hoping to provide scientific reference for the application of distributed intelligent power supply technology and the engineering development of expressway tunnels.

Application of Smart Lighting in Urban Street Lighting

At present,the number of road engineering projects is increasing,and the corresponding street lighting work is receiving much more attention.In order to improve the lighting,operation,convenience,and energy-saving effect of urban streets,the concept of“smart lighting”needs to be implemented.This includes the planning of an urban street lighting design scheme and the use of appropriate software as well as components to realize significant optimization of the lighting work in urban streets.Therefore,this paper discusses the application measures of smart lighting in urban street lighting to provide reference.

Predictive value of T cell receptor repertoire profiling for immunosuppressive therapy in severe aplastic anemia

Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis of autologous immune attack in severe aplastic anemia(SAA):the predominant role of activated cytotoxic T cells(CTL)expressing-interferon in inhibiting the growth of bone marrow(BM)cells,putative autoantigens,and oligoclonal expansion of CD8+T cells.1 For SAA patients,the definitive therapies are immunosuppressive therapy(IST)or hematopoietic stem transplantation(HSCT).

Enterovirus D68 infection upregulates SOCS3 expression to inhibit JAK-STAT3 signaling and antagonize the innate interferon response of the host

Enterovirus D68(EV-D68)can cause respiratory diseases and acute flaccid paralysis,posing a great threat to public health.Interferons are cytokines secreted by host cells that have broad-spectrum antiviral effects,inducing the expression of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs).EV-D68 activates ISG expression early in infection,but at a later stage,the virus suppresses ISG expression,a strategy evolved by EV-D68 to antagonize interferons.Here,we explore a host protein,suppressor of cytokine signaling 3(SOCS3),is upregulated during EV-D68 infection and antagonizes the antiviral effects of type I interferon.We subsequently demonstrate that the structural protein of EV-D68 upregulated the expression of RFX7,a transcriptional regulator of SOCS3,leading to the upregulation of SOCS3 expression.Further exploration revealed that SOCS3 plays its role by inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3).The expression of SOCS3 inhibited the expression of ISG,thereby inhibiting the antiviral effect of type I interferon and promoting EV-D68 transcription,protein production,and viral titer.Notably,a truncated SOCS3,generated by deleting the kinase inhibitory region(KIR)domain,failed to promote replication and translation of EV-D68.Based on the above studies,we designed a short peptide named SOCS3 inhibitor,which can specifically bind and inhibit the KIR structural domain of SOCS3,significantly reducing the RNA and protein levels of EV-D68.In summary,our results demonstrated a novel mechanism by which EV-D68 inhibits ISG transcription and antagonizes the antiviral responses of host type I interferon.

数字图像应用于疲劳监测的测量参数研究

钢构件的疲劳监测是钢结构健康监测系统的重要组成部分,而在近年图像采集和数据远程传输技术迅速发展的大环境下,将非接触式数字图像测量和识别技术应用于疲劳监测的研究和进展,受到各方专业人士的关注。为实现通过对数字图像中某种参数变化的识别,在出现可辨识的裂纹之前监测到疲劳异常的目标,设计并加工了Q345qD试件进行疲劳试验。试验过程中采用ARAMIS非接触式三维光学测量系统对观测区域进行动态连续拍照,获得疲劳全过程图像,并将图像在测量系统内部转换为数字作为检测量。对比分析疲劳全过程图像所能够获取的力学指标和获取方法,研究数字图像应变及位移参数的形态和应用可行性;对比静载试验中电测应变片与图像应变测量结果,确定非接触式数字图像测量是否满足应用精度要求;研究试件疲劳过程的应变和位移变化规律,对图像的各种数据进行疲劳过程敏感性分析,研究最优参数指标,确定特征点数据提取方案;验证数字图像技术应用于疲劳监测的可行性和实施方案,兼顾客观性和自动化。研究表明:通过ARAMIS三维数字图像测量系统能够非接触动态采集测量表面的图像数据,所获取的三维应变值满足精度要求;采用提取截面线均值方法能够有效获取钢构件截面名义应变;通过位移指标得到的疲劳异常信息相对较晚,不适合作为疲劳监测的测量参数;确定采用数字图像的应变参数进行疲劳监测具有可行性,提出可在应变等值云图上截取最大应变特征值作为疲劳监测数值系列。所得到的测量数据客观有效、实施性强,是数字图像应用于疲劳监测的最优测量参数。