Effects of temperature change on the rheological property of modified multiwall carbon nanotubes

Solvent-free nanofluids hold promise for many technologically significant applications.The liquid-like behavior,a typical rheological property of solvent-free nanofluids,has aroused considerable interests.However,there has been still lack of efficient methods to predict and control the liquid-like behavior of solvent-free nanofluids.In this paper,we propose a semi-discrete dynamic system with stochastic excitation describing the temperature change effects on the rheological property of multiwall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)modified by grafting sulfonic acid terminated organosilanes as corona and tertiary amine as canopy,which is a typical covalent-type solvent-free nanofluid system.The vibration of the grafting branches is simulated by employing a structure-preserving approach,and the shear force of grafting branches at the fixed end is computed subsequently.By taking the shear forces as an excitation acting on the MWCNTs,the axial motion of the MWCNTs is solved with the 7-point Gauss-Kronrod quadrature rule.The critical temperature associated with the appearance of the liquid-like behavior as well as the upper bound of the moving speed of the modified MWCNTs is determined,which can be used to predict and control the liquid-like behavior of the modified MWCNTs in engineering applications.

Coupling dynamic characteristics of simplified model for tethered satellite system

connecting wires are the main manifestations of the coupling dynamic effects on the orbit evolution,the attitude adjusting and the flexible vibration of the tethered satellite system.To investigate attitude evolution of the tethered system and the mechanical energy transfer/loss characteristics between the bus system and the solar sail via the connecting wires,a structure-preserving method is developed in this paper.Simplifying the tethered satellite system as a composite structure consisting of a particle and a flexible thin panel connected by four special springs,the dynamic model is deduced via the Hamiltonian variational principle firstly.Then,a structure-preserving approach that connects the symplectic Runge-Kutta method and the multi-symplectic method is developed.The excellent structure-preserving property of the numerical scheme constructed is presented to illustrate the credibility of the numerical results obtained by the constructed structure-preserving approach.From the numerical results on the mechanical energy transfer/loss in the composite structure,it can be found that the mechanical energy transfer tendency in the tethered system is dependent of the initial attitude angle of the system while the total mechanical energy loss of the system is almost independent of the initial attitude angle.In addition,the special stiffness range of the spring is found in the attitude angle evolution of the system,which provides a structural parameter design window for the connecting wires,that is,the duration needed to arrive the stable attitude is short when the stiffness of the wire is designed in this special range.