Effectiveness of Comprehensive Nursing Management in Enhancing Blood Donation Outcomes and Donor Experience: A Comparative Study

Objective:To assess the management effect of comprehensive nursing management on blood donation services in blood stations.Methods:Sixty-four individuals who donated blood at a blood station between September 2021 and September 2023 were selected and randomly assigned into two groups of 32 each.The first group received comprehensive nursing management,while the second group received routine nursing management.Blood donation indexes and observational indexes such as adverse reactions were compared between the groups.Results:The total blood donation volume and qualified blood donation volume were higher in the first group than in the second group.The amount of discarded blood and the rate of blood discards were lower in the first group compared to the second group(P<0.05).Additionally,the adverse reaction rate in the first group was lower,the blood donation comfort scores were higher,the psychological state scores were lower,and the quality of care scores were higher than those in the second group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comprehensive nursing management can improve the efficiency of blood donation,reduce the rate of blood discards,decrease the incidence of adverse reactions,alleviate negative psychological states of blood donors,and enhance both the comfort level of blood donation and the quality of care provided.

Impacts of pollution heterogeneity on population exposure in dense urban areas using ultra-fine resolution air quality data

Traditional air quality data have a spatial resolution of 1 km or above, making it challenging to resolve detailed air pollution exposure in complex urban areas. Combining urban morphology, dynamic traffic emission, regional and local meteorology, physicochemical transformations in air quality models using big data fusion technology, an ultra-fine resolution modeling system was developed to provide air quality data down to street level. Based on one-year ultra-fine resolution data, this study investigated the effects of pollution heterogeneity on the individual and population exposure to particulate matter(PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)),nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)), and ozone(O_(3)) in Hong Kong, one of the most densely populated and urbanized cities. Sharp fine-scale variabilities in air pollution were revealed within individual city blocks. Using traditional 1 km average to represent individual exposure resulted in a positively skewed deviation of up to 200% for high-end exposure individuals. Citizens were disproportionally affected by air pollution, with annual pollutant concentrations varied by factors of 2 to 5 among 452 District Council Constituency Areas(DCCAs) in Hong Kong, indicating great environmental inequities among the population. Unfavorable city planning resulted in a positive spatial coincidence between pollution and population, which increased public exposure to air pollutants by as large as 46% among districts in Hong Kong. Our results highlight the importance of ultra-fine pollutant data in quantifying the heterogeneity in pollution exposure in the dense urban area and the critical role of smart urban planning in reducing exposure inequities.

Anti-cancer liposomal chemophototherapy using bilayer-localized photosensitizer and cabazitaxel

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a non-invasive tumor ablation modality that can be enhanced in combination with concurrent chemotherapy.Previously,we demonstrated that liposomes containing a bilayer-anchored photosensitizer(porphyrin-phospholipid;PoP)can be loaded with drugs in their aqueous core to improve drug delivery and tumor ablation upon target tissue irradiation with red-light.In the present work,we demonstrate that this concept can be extended to drugs loaded within the hydrophobic bilayer of liposomes.Cabazitaxel(CTX)is a potent second generation taxane anti-cancer drug that was loaded in the bilayer of liposomes also containing 0.1 molar%PoP,generating CTX-loaded PoP liposomes(CTX-PoP-Lip).CTX-PoP-Lip showed unilamellar vesicle morphology,and exhibited integrity in storage and serum,while maintaining drug stability under laser irradiation.In vitro cell killing evaluation showed that red-light laser irradiation induced cytotoxicity in cells incubated with CTX-PoP-Lip,compared to control treatments.In vivo pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that following intravenous administration to mice,CTX and PoP exhibited somewhat altered circulation profiles,suggesting that the CTX may have exchanged with serum factors in blood.Nevertheless,when a single treatment of CTX-PoP-Lip with laser irradiation was administered to mice bearing human MIA Paca-2 tumors,tumors were effectively ablated whereas the equivalent chemotherapy and PDT monotherapies were ineffective.These results demonstrate the versatility of liposome delivery systems for achieving tumor ablation with chemophototherapy.