参苓白术散治疗老年男性肌少症的成本-效用分析

目的评价参苓白术散治疗老年男性肌少症的成本-效用。方法280例老年男性肌少症患者随机分为干预组和对照组各140例,两组患者均给予营养运动治疗,干预组在营养运动治疗基础上加用参苓白术散,两组患者均随访24周。从卫生体系角度出发,利用TreeAge Pro 2011软件建立决策树模型,对两种治疗方案进行成本-效用分析,并采用敏感性分析对结果的不确定性进行评价。结果与对照组相比,干预组方案成本(5019.46元vs.4864.57元)、效用[0.90357质量调整生命年(QALYs)vs.0.89430 QALYs]均较高,增量成本-效用比为16712.05元/QALY,低于意愿支付阈值。敏感性分析结果与成本-效用分析结果一致。结论与单独应用营养运动治疗相比,老年男性肌少症患者应用参苓白术散联合营养运动治疗更具有成本-效用。

中性粒细胞及血小板与淋巴细胞比值与2型糖尿病视网膜病变相关性

目的:探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)与2型糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的相关性。方法:选择2型糖尿病(DM)患者200例,按眼底检查结果分为眼底正常组( n =100)、非增殖期视网膜病变组(NPDR, n =62)和增殖期视网膜病变组(PDR, n =38)。同时选取100例健康体检者作为正常对照( n =100)组;测定中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞及血小板计数等相关指标。结果: PDR组患者NLR值(2.54)高于对照组(1.81)、DM组(1.76)及NPDR组(1.85),差异有统计学意义( P <0.05),PDR组患者PLR值(126.18)高于DM组(111.64),差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(β=-0.047)是糖尿病视网膜病变的保护因素( P <0.05),病程(β=0.071)和收缩压(β=0.024)是危险因素( P <0.05),而NLR、PLR在回归分析中无统计学意义。结论:NLR、PLR值在PDR组升高,但并非糖尿病视网膜病变发生的独立危险因素。

Study of ss-DNA Adsorption and Nano-mechanical Properties on Mica Substrate with Surface Forces Apparatus

Many DNA?based devices need to build stable and controllable DNA films on surfaces. However, the most com?monly used method of film characterization, namely, the probe?like microscopes which may destroy the sample and substrate. Surface Forces Apparatus(SFA) technique, specializing in surface interaction studies, is introduced to investigate the e ects of DNA concentration on the formation of single?stranded DNA(ss?DNA) film. The result demonstrates that 50 ng/μL is the lowest concentration that ss?DNA construct a dense layer on mica. Besides, it is also indicated that at di erent DNA concentrations, ss?DNA exhibit diverse morphology: lying flat on surface at 50 ng/μL while forming bilayer or cross?link at 100 ng/μL, and these ss?DNA structures are stable enough due to the repeatabil?ity even under the load of 15 mN/m. At the same time, an obvious adhesion force is measured:/m at 100 ng/μL, respectively, which is attributed to the ion?correlation e ect. M-6.5 mN/m at 50 ng/μL and-5.3 mNoreover, the atomic force microscopy(AFM) images reveal the entire surface is covered with wormlike ss?DNA and the measured surface roughness(1.8±0.2 nm) also matches well with the film thickness by SFA. The desorption behaviors of ss?DNA layer from mica surface occur by adding sodium salt into gap bu er, which is mainly ascribed to the decreased ion?ion cor?relation force. This paper employing SFA and AFM techniques to characterize the DNA film with flexibility and stable mechanical ability achieved by ion bridging method, is helpful to fabricate the DNA?based devices in nanoscale.

Elastic Characteristic Extraction Method of Underwater Target Based on Adaptive Filtering

In this paper, a kind of elastic characteristic extraction method of underwater targets based on adaptive filtering is introduced. The kernel of the method is the recursive least square （RLS） algorithm. Firstly, the geometric scattering signal is fit by using the echo signal and the incident signal. Then, the frequency spectrum of the echo signal and the geometric scattering signal are calculated. At last, the frequency spectrum of the elastic scattering signal is obtained. The research of the simulation and lake experiment is carried on. As the results show, the formants of the elastic signal frequency spectrum can be precisely extracted by the algorithm, and the extraction algorithm can apply to extracting the elastic characteristic from the echo signal in a real underwater acoustics environment.

Rejection of Direct Blast Interference Based on Signal Phase-Matching Array Processing

In bistaic acoustic testing, there will be strong direct blast interference. An algorithm based on signal phase-matching array processing that rejects direct blast interference in bistatic acoustic testing has been studied, through which the object scattering signal is accurately extracted. Characteristics of bistatic acoustic testing and signal phase matching processing principle are fully integrated in this algorithm. Firstly, the direct blast interference is calculated from the receiving signal based on three subarrays signal phase matching processing. Secondly, the direct blast is rejected by subtraction from the receiving signal. In this way the limitations of the high signal to noise ratio that signal phase matching processing required for direct calculating the object scattering signal can be avoided. Simulation and sea trial results show that, when the ratio of signal to interference is greater than -20 dB, this algorithm of direct blast interference rejection based phase matching signal processing can accurately extract the object scattering signal.

Ergodic secrecy capacity of MRC/SC in single-input multiple-output wiretap systems with imperfect channel state information

在物理层中,本文研究了存在信道估计误差的最大比合并/选择合并的保密容量性能。在一个单输入多输出窃密信道中,信源向一个装备M根接收天线并采用最大比合并/选择合并技术处理多径信号的信宿发送保密信息。与此同时,一个窃密者装备N根接收天线并采用最大比合并/选择合并技术来提高窃密的成功率。我们分别推导了两种情况下遍历保密容量的精确和近似闭式表达式:(1)最大比合并带有信道估计误差;(2)选择合并带有信道延迟。此外,本文得到了高信噪比斜率和高信噪比功率补偿两个重要的参数,它们在高信噪比条件下决定了遍历保密容量。最后,本文通过仿真分析验证了所得到的闭式表达式的准确性。

Physical layer security of underlay cognitive radio using maximal ratio combining

We investigate the secrecy outage performance of maximal ratio combining(MRC) in cognitive radio networks over Rayleigh fading channels. In a single-input multiple-output wiretap system, we consider a secondary user(SU-TX) that transmits confidential messages to another secondary user(SU-RX) equipped with M(M ≥ 1)antennas where the MRC technique is adopted to improve its received signal-to-noise ratio. Meanwhile, an eavesdropper equipped with N(N ≥ 1) antennas adopts the MRC scheme to overhear the information between SU-TX and SU-RX. SU-TX adopts the underlay strategy to guarantee the service quality of the primary user without spectrum sensing. We derive the closed-form expressions for an exact and asymptotic secrecy outage probability.