The object detectors can precisely detect the camouflaged object beyond human perception.The investigations reveal that the CNNs-based(Convolution Neural Networks)detectors are vulnerable to adversarial attacks.Some w...The object detectors can precisely detect the camouflaged object beyond human perception.The investigations reveal that the CNNs-based(Convolution Neural Networks)detectors are vulnerable to adversarial attacks.Some works can fool detectors by crafting the adversarial camouflage attached to the object,leading to wrong prediction.It is hard for military operations to utilize the existing adversarial camouflage due to its conspicuous appearance.Motivated by this,this paper proposes the Dual Attribute Adversarial Camouflage(DAAC)for evading the detection by both detectors and humans.Generating DAAC includes two steps:(1)Extracting features from a specific type of scene to generate individual soldier digital camouflage;(2)Attaching the adversarial patch with scene features constraint to the individual soldier digital camouflage to generate the adversarial attribute of DAAC.The visual effects of the individual soldier digital camouflage and the adversarial patch will be improved after integrating with the scene features.Experiment results show that objects camouflaged by DAAC are well integrated with background and achieve visual concealment while remaining effective in fooling object detectors,thus evading the detections by both detectors and humans in the digital domain.This work can serve as the reference for crafting the adversarial camouflage in the physical world.展开更多
The hot deformation characteristics of as-forged Ti−3.5Al−5Mo−6V−3Cr−2Sn−0.5Fe−0.1B−0.1C alloy within a temperature range from 750 to 910℃and a strain rate range from 0.001 to 1 s^(-1) were investigated by hot compre...The hot deformation characteristics of as-forged Ti−3.5Al−5Mo−6V−3Cr−2Sn−0.5Fe−0.1B−0.1C alloy within a temperature range from 750 to 910℃and a strain rate range from 0.001 to 1 s^(-1) were investigated by hot compression tests.The stress−strain curves show that the flow stress decreases with the increase of temperature and the decrease of strain rate.The microstructure is sensitive to deformation parameters.The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)grains appear while the temperature reaches 790℃at a constant strain rate of 0.001 s^(-1) and strain rate is not higher than 0.1 s^(-1) at a constant temperature of 910℃.The work-hardening rateθis calculated and it is found that DRX prefers to happen at high temperature and low strain rate.The constitutive equation and processing map were obtained.The average activation energy of the alloy is 242.78 kJ/mol and there are few unstable regions on the processing map,which indicates excellent hot workability.At the strain rate of 0.1 s^(-1),the stress−strain curves show an abnormal shape where there are two stress peaks simultaneously.This can be attributed to the alternation of hardening effect,which results from the continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)and the rotation of DRX grains,and dynamic softening mechanism.展开更多
MicroRNAs play important roles in the devel- opment and progression of various cancers, including tongue squamous cell carcinoma （TSCC）. miR-29b and miR-195 have been reported to be tumor suppressors in TSCC. Here, ...MicroRNAs play important roles in the devel- opment and progression of various cancers, including tongue squamous cell carcinoma （TSCC）. miR-29b and miR-195 have been reported to be tumor suppressors in TSCC. Here, we investigated the expression of miR-29b and miR- 195 and their relationship in TSCC. Our data showed that miR-29b and miR-195 were significantly downregulated in TSCC com- pared with their matched nonmalignant tissues in 60 paired samples. The level of miR-29b was positively correlated with that of miR-195 in TSCC and the matched nonmalignant tissues. Moreover, miR-29b overexpression induced the demethylation of CpG islands upstream of miR-195 via targeting DNMT3B, leading to the upregulation of miR-195 in TSCC cell lines. Following DNMT3B silencing, the expression of miR-195 was increased and the methylation of CpG islands upstream of miR-195 was reduced. Although overexpression of miR-29b alone significantly increased miR- 195 expression, co-transfection of miR-29b with DNMT3B resulted in no change in miR-195 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-29b could upregulate miR- 195 by directly targeting DNMT3B in TSCC. The interaction between miR-29b and miR-195 might provide new insights in developing novel therapeutic approaches of TSCC.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 61801512,grant number 62071484)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(grant number BK20180080)to provide fund for conducting experiments。
文摘The object detectors can precisely detect the camouflaged object beyond human perception.The investigations reveal that the CNNs-based(Convolution Neural Networks)detectors are vulnerable to adversarial attacks.Some works can fool detectors by crafting the adversarial camouflage attached to the object,leading to wrong prediction.It is hard for military operations to utilize the existing adversarial camouflage due to its conspicuous appearance.Motivated by this,this paper proposes the Dual Attribute Adversarial Camouflage(DAAC)for evading the detection by both detectors and humans.Generating DAAC includes two steps:(1)Extracting features from a specific type of scene to generate individual soldier digital camouflage;(2)Attaching the adversarial patch with scene features constraint to the individual soldier digital camouflage to generate the adversarial attribute of DAAC.The visual effects of the individual soldier digital camouflage and the adversarial patch will be improved after integrating with the scene features.Experiment results show that objects camouflaged by DAAC are well integrated with background and achieve visual concealment while remaining effective in fooling object detectors,thus evading the detections by both detectors and humans in the digital domain.This work can serve as the reference for crafting the adversarial camouflage in the physical world.
文摘The hot deformation characteristics of as-forged Ti−3.5Al−5Mo−6V−3Cr−2Sn−0.5Fe−0.1B−0.1C alloy within a temperature range from 750 to 910℃and a strain rate range from 0.001 to 1 s^(-1) were investigated by hot compression tests.The stress−strain curves show that the flow stress decreases with the increase of temperature and the decrease of strain rate.The microstructure is sensitive to deformation parameters.The dynamic recrystallization(DRX)grains appear while the temperature reaches 790℃at a constant strain rate of 0.001 s^(-1) and strain rate is not higher than 0.1 s^(-1) at a constant temperature of 910℃.The work-hardening rateθis calculated and it is found that DRX prefers to happen at high temperature and low strain rate.The constitutive equation and processing map were obtained.The average activation energy of the alloy is 242.78 kJ/mol and there are few unstable regions on the processing map,which indicates excellent hot workability.At the strain rate of 0.1 s^(-1),the stress−strain curves show an abnormal shape where there are two stress peaks simultaneously.This can be attributed to the alternation of hardening effect,which results from the continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)and the rotation of DRX grains,and dynamic softening mechanism.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81402235)Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology (PKUSS20140104)
文摘MicroRNAs play important roles in the devel- opment and progression of various cancers, including tongue squamous cell carcinoma （TSCC）. miR-29b and miR-195 have been reported to be tumor suppressors in TSCC. Here, we investigated the expression of miR-29b and miR- 195 and their relationship in TSCC. Our data showed that miR-29b and miR-195 were significantly downregulated in TSCC com- pared with their matched nonmalignant tissues in 60 paired samples. The level of miR-29b was positively correlated with that of miR-195 in TSCC and the matched nonmalignant tissues. Moreover, miR-29b overexpression induced the demethylation of CpG islands upstream of miR-195 via targeting DNMT3B, leading to the upregulation of miR-195 in TSCC cell lines. Following DNMT3B silencing, the expression of miR-195 was increased and the methylation of CpG islands upstream of miR-195 was reduced. Although overexpression of miR-29b alone significantly increased miR- 195 expression, co-transfection of miR-29b with DNMT3B resulted in no change in miR-195 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-29b could upregulate miR- 195 by directly targeting DNMT3B in TSCC. The interaction between miR-29b and miR-195 might provide new insights in developing novel therapeutic approaches of TSCC.
