Medication rules in treating phlegm-heat syndrome of acute ischemic stroke based on data mining

Objective:To analyze the medication rule of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TMC)in treating acute ischemic stroke(AIS)with phlegm-heat syndrome based on date mining.Methods:All clinical studies of TMC treatment for phlegm heatexcess pattern stroke at acute stage were searched from SinoMed,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,Pubmed.The retrieval time was from the establishment of each database to 27 April 2020.Establish database through"Ancient and Modern Medical record Cloud platform(V2.2.3)"software.SPSS20.0 and SPSS Modeler 18.0 software was used to explore clustering analysis and drug association rule analysis of high frequency drugs.Results:60 articles were finally included and 59 prescriptions were collected.The result shows that the commonly used drugs are mostly warm and cold,and the taste is mainly sweet and bitter.The main distribution of meridian tropism is stomach,liver and spleen.In these prescriptions,the frequently used drug pairs were“Trichosanthis fructus”,“Rhei radix et rhizoma”and so on.The association analysis results showed that“Arisaema cum bile-Rhei radix et rhizoma”had the highest correlation.The clustering analysis figured out 2 groups of the herbs.Conlusion:The TCM treatment of AIS should be based on the drugs of clearing heat,resolving phlegm and dredging viscera.Because most of these drugs are bitter and cold,we should pay attention to taking care of the spleen and stomach while expelling evil.

针刺治疗慢性鼻窦炎及术后疼痛的网状Meta分析

Background:The network meta-analysis system was used to evaluate the efficacy of various acupuncture and moxibustion techniques for chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)and related postoperative pain.Methods:An electronic search of PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,OVID(the Offshore Vessel Inspection Database),CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,and CBM databases was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials on acupuncture and moxibustion for CRS and related postoperative pain from database inception to February 2021.The study included randomised controlled trials(RCTs)published in China and other countries in languages limited to Chinese and English.Primary studies included treated individuals without limitations on age,gender,or nationality and diagnosed as CRS.The total effective rate,visual analogue scale(VAS)score,and symptom and sign score were the primary outcomes.Evidence quality and risk-of-bias were determined.Network meta-analysis was performed.Results:Nineteen articles were included,involving 11 types of intervention measures.The pairwise comparisons showed that both acupuncture therapy combined with drugs(ATD)and sphenopalatine ganglion acupuncture combined with drugs(SGAD)were superior to western medicine(WM)in improving the total effective rate,and ATD was superior to manual acupuncture therapy(MAT),WM,and placebo(PL).In reducing the VAS score,both ATD and SGAD were superior to WM.Point-through-point acupuncture combined with pricking blood therapy(PABT)was superior to MAT.In reducing symptom and sign score,ATD was superior to WM and PL.PABT was superior to MAT.The results of network meta-analysis showed that ATD was superior to MAT,Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and WM in improving the total effective rate.In reducing the symptom and sign score,ATD was superior to PL,WM,MAT,and sham acupuncture(SA).PL was superior to MAT,WM,and SA.and PABT was superior to MAT and SA,MAT was superior to WM.There was no significant difference between the intervention measures in reducing the VAS score.The surface under the cumulative ranking curve showed that ATD had the best effect in improving the total effective rate and reducing the VAS and symptom and sign score.Conclusion:ATD was the best method for improving the total effective rate and reducing the VAS and symptom and sign score in the treatment of CRS and related postoperative pain.However,considering the current study quantity and quality,multicentre and high-quality clinical studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify our findings.

A data-driven method for syndrome type identification and classification in traditional Chinese medicine

The efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） treatments for Western medicine （WM） diseases relies heavily on the proper classification of patients into TCM syndrome types. The authors developed a data-driven method for solving the classification problem, where syndrome types were identified and quantified based on statistical patterns detected in unlabeled symptom survey data. The new method is a generalization of latent class analysis （LCA）, which has been widely applied in WM research to solve a similar problem, i.e., to identify subtypes of a patient population in the absence of a gold standard. A well-known weakness of LCA is that it makes an unrealistically strong independence assumption. The authors relaxed the assumption by first detecting symptom co-occurrence patterns from survey data and used those statistical patterns instead of the symptoms as features for LCA. This new method consists of six steps： data collection, symptom co-occurrence pattern discovery, statistical pattern interpretation, syndrome identification, syndrome type identification and syndrome type classification. A software package called Lantern has been developed to support the application of the method. The method was illustrated using a data set on vascular mild cognitive impairment.

Identification and classification of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types among senior patients with vascular mild cognitive impairment using latent tree analysis

OBJECTIVE： To treat patients with vascular mild cognitive impairment （VMCI） using traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, it is necessary to classify the patients into TCM syndrome types and to apply different treatments to different types. In this paper, we investigate how to properly carry out the classification for patients with VMCI aged 50 or above using a novel data-driven method known as latent tree analysis （LTA）. METHOD： A cross-sectional survey on VMCI was carried out in several regions in Northern China between February 2008 and February 2012 which resulted in a data set that involves 803 patients and 93 symptoms. LTA was performed on the data to reveal symptom co-occurrence patterns, and the patients were partitioned into clusters in multiple ways based on the patterns. The patient clusters were matched up with syndrome types, and population statistics of the clusters are used to quantify the syndrome types and to establish classification rules. RESULTS： Eight syndrome types are identified： Qi deficiency, Qi stagnation, Blood deficiency, Blood stasis, Phlegm-dampness, Fire-heat, Yang deficiency, and Yin deficiency. The prevalence and symptom occurrence characteristics of each syndrome type are determined. Quantitative classification rules are established for determining whether a patient belongs to each of the syndrome types. CONCLUSION： A solution for the TCM syndrome classification problem for patients with VMCI and aged 50 or above is established based on the LTA of unlabeled symptom survey data. The results can be used as a reference in clinic practice to improve the quality of syndrome differentiation and to reduce diagnosis variances across physicians. They can also be used for patient selection in research projects aimed at finding biomarkers for the syndrome types and in randomized control trials aimed at determining the efficacy of TCM treatments of VMCI.

International Clinical Practice Guideline of Chinese Medicine Alzheimer

Foreword Patent issues may be existed in this guideline,and World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies(WFCMS)declared that they are not responsible for identifying these patents.This guideline is based on the Clinical Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Alzheimer’s Disease(Standard No.T/CACM1315-2019).

Treatment of Acute Cerebral Infarction by Sowthistle-leaf Ixeris Seedling

Objective: To summarize a decade of research on various aspects of Sowthistle-leaf Ixeris seedling for acute cerebral infarction. Methods: Thirty-six papers were collected from searches of CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, and other databases and then they were summarized. Results: Researchers have carried out widespread and various pharmacological studies of Sowthistle-leaf Ixeris seedling, and have pursued different research directions on its etiology and pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and treatment methods for acute cerebral infarction (ischemic stroke). With the development of Chinese medicine, its safety and non-toxic side effects have been recognized by the majority of scholars. The research results have contributed significantly to the treatment of acute cerebral infarction by Sowthistle-leaf Ixeris seedling. Conclusion: Sowthistle-leaf Ixeris seedling has extensive medicinal value and unique advantages in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction, especially in expanding brain vessels, increasing blood flow, reducing thrombosis, protecting brain cells, improving neurological impairment, and it has no toxic side effects.