糖尿病患者白内障术后后囊膜混浊的临床研究

目的:研究糖尿病患者白内障术后后囊膜混浊(PCO)的发生情况及其危险因素。方法:收集2016-04/08于我院行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术的白内障患者182例203眼,根据术前是否合并糖尿病分为糖尿病组(DM组,98眼)和非糖尿病组(非DM组,105眼),DM组患者按照白内障术后30mo是否发生PCO分为PCO组(26眼)和非PCO组(72眼)。比较DM组和非DM组术后PCO的发生及分级情况,分析术前糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平、是否存在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)等因素对DM组患者白内障术后PCO发生影响。结果:术后12、18、24、30mo,DM组患者PCO发生率分别为10.2%、14.3%、22.4%、26.5%,非DM组患者分别为2.8%、4.8%、10.5%、14.3%,两组患者PCO程度均逐渐加重,且DM组患者各时间点PCO程度均重于非DM组,(均P<0.05)。PCO组和非PCO组患者术前糖尿病病程、存在DR情况均有差异(P<0.05),术前HbA1c水平无差异(P>0.05)。结论:糖尿病患者白内障术后PCO的发生率高于非糖尿病患者,且混浊程度较重,糖尿病患者术前糖尿病病程、存在DR是影响PCO发生的危险因素。

The Good Pain Management(GPM) Ward Program in China and its impact on Chinese cancer patients: the SYSUCC experience

To improve cancer pain management, the Medical Oncology Department of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center(SYSUCC) launched the Good Pain Management(GPM) Ward Program, which has been recognized by the Chinese Ministry of Health and promoted throughout the nation. This retrospective case-control study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Patients diagnosed with malignant solid tumors with bone metastasis were eligible. Patients who were admitted 6 months before the initiation of the GPM program were used as the control group, and patients admitted 6 months after the initiation of the program were used as the GPM group. The pain-reporting rate and pain management index(PMI) were calculated. The pain levels before and after pain management were compared. A total of 475 patients(244 in the control group and 231 in the GPM group) were analyzed. The pain-reporting rate of the GPM group was significantly higher than that of the control group(62.8% vs. 37.7%, P < 0.001). The PMI of the GPM group was significantly higher than that of the control group(0.083 vs.-0.261, P < 0.001). Therefore, the GPM Ward Program improved the pain management of cancer patients and provided experience for improving cancer pain management in the future.

Characterization of gut microbial alterations in cynomolgus macaques during growth and maturation

Aging is closely related to physiology and disease development in animals.Gut microbiota varies with lifecycle and exerts profound influences on the host.To investigate gut microbial alterations during growth and maturation,41 female cynomolgus monkeys(Macaca fascicularis)ranging in age from 1 month to 15 years were divided into four groups(infant,young,adult,and middle-aged).

Multiple oncogenic mutations related to targeted therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Introduction:An increasing number of targeted drugs have been tested for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).However,targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations have not been fully evaluated.This study aimed to detect targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations in NPC and to determine which targeted therapy might be potentially effective in treating NPC.Methods:By using the SNaPshot assay,a rapid detection method,19 mutation hotspots in 6 targeted therapy-related oncogenes were examined in 70 NPC patients.The associations between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic factors were analyzed.Results:Among 70 patients,12(17.1%) had mutations in 5 oncogenes:7(10.0%) had v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KIT) mutation,2(2.8%) had epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutation,1(1.4%) had phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase,catalytic subunit alpha(PIK3CA) mutation,1(1.4%) had Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS) mutation,and 1(1.4%) had simultaneous EGFR and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF) mutations.No significant differences were observed between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic characteristics.Additionally,these oncogenic mutations were not associated with tumor recurrence or metastasis.Conclusions:Oncogenic mutations are present in NPC patients.The efficacy of targeted drugs on patients with the related oncogenic mutations requires further validation.

Computational Analysis for Residue-Specific CDK2-Inhibitor Bindings

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a key macromolecule in cell cycle regulation. In cancer cells, CDK2 is often overexpressed and its inhibition is an effective therapy of many cancers including breast carcinomas, leukemia, and lymphomas. Quantitative characterization of the interactions between CDK2 and its inhibitors at atomic level may provide a deep understanding of protein-inhibitor interactions and clues for more effective drug discovery. In this study, we have used the computational alanine scanning approach in combination with an efficient interaction entropy method to study the microscopic mechanism of binding between CDK2 and its 13 inhibitors. The total binding free energy from the method shows a correlation of 0.76?0.83 with the experimental values. The free energy component reveals two binding mode in the 13 complexes, namely van der Waals dominant, and electrostatic dominant. Decomposition of the total energy to per-residue contribution allows us to identify five hydrophobic residues as hot spots during the binding. Residues that are responsible for determining the strength of the binding were also analyzed.

Simulation of the Weakly Nonlinear Rayleigh–Taylor Instability in Spherical Geometry

The Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the weakly nonlinear(WN)stage in spherical geometry is studied by numerical simulation.The mode coupling processes are revealed.The results are consistent with the WN model based on parameter expansion,while higher order effects are found to be non-negligible.For Legendre mode perturbation Pn(cos B),the nonlinear saturation amplitude(NSA)of the fundamental mode decreases with the mode number n.When n is large,the spherical NSA is lower than the corresponding planar one.However,for large n,the planar NSA can be recovered by applying Fourier transformation to the bubble/spike near the equator and calculating the NSA of the converted trigonometric harmonic.

Interface Width Effect on the Weakly Nonlinear Rayleigh–Taylor Instability in Spherical Geometry

Interface width effect on the spherical Rayleigh–Taylor instability in the weakly nonlinear regime is studied by numerical simulations.For Legendre perturbation mode Pn with wave number Kn and interface half-width L,the commonly adopted empirical linear growth rate formulaγnem(L)=γn/√1+KnL is found to be sufficient in spherical geometry.At the weakly nonlinear stage,the interface width affects the mode coupling processes.The development of the mode P2n is substantially influenced by the interface width.Moreover,the nonlinear saturation amplitude increases with the interface width.