Selective preparation for biofuels and high value chemicals based on biochar catalysts

The reuse of biomass wastes is crucial toward today’s energy and environmental crisis,among which,biomass-based biochar as catalysts for biofuel and high value chemical production is one of the most clean and economical solutions.In this paper,the recent advances in biofuels and high chemicals for selective production based on biochar catalysts from different biomass wastes are critically summarized.The topics mainly include the modification of biochar catalysts,the preparation of energy products,and the mechanisms of other high-value products.Suitable biochar catalysts can enhance the yield of biofuels and higher-value chemicals.Especially,the feedstock and reaction conditions of biochar catalyst,which affect the efficiency of energy products,have been the focus of recent attentions.Mechanism studies based on biochar catalysts will be helpful to the controlled products.Therefore,the design and advancement of the biochar catalyst based on mechanism research will be beneficial to increase biofuels and the conversion efficiency of chemicals into biomass.The advanced design of biochar catalysts and optimization of operational conditions based on the biomass properties are vital for the selective production of high-value chemicals and biofuels.This paper identifies the latest preparation for energy products and other high-value chemicals based on biochar catalysts progresses and offers insights into improving the yield of high selectivity for products as well as the high recyclability and low toxicity to the environment in future applications.

Experimental study on the control of black smoke pollution from the ceramic kilns based on the mechanism of the surfactant and coagulant

Aiming at the characteristics of carbon black,a new method of controlling the black smoke from the industrial coal-burning ceramic kilns by wetting was brought forward.The carbon black in the flue of coal-burning ceramic kiln was collected for the experiments,and its physical and chemical properties were studied in detail.In order to change the sedimentation and wettabil-ity state of the carbon black,the complex solution of the coagulant and surfactant was applied.After a series of orthogonal experiments,the complex solutions with bet-ter effects were chosen.Then,the sedimentation percent-age of carbon black treated by the selected complex solutions was measured.The optimized complex solutions included Na 2 SO 4(100 mmol/L),sodium dodecylbenzene-sulfonate(SDBS)(1.2 mmol/L)and polyacrylamide(PAM)(40 mg/L).After carbon black was absorbed,the complex solutions were clear and colorless.The complex solutions can be recycled,and the sedimentation percent-age of carbon black is 94%.