Injectability empowers conductive hydrogels to transcend traditional limitations,unlocking a realm of possibilities for innovative medical,wearable,and therapeutic applications that can significantly enhance patient c...Injectability empowers conductive hydrogels to transcend traditional limitations,unlocking a realm of possibilities for innovative medical,wearable,and therapeutic applications that can significantly enhance patient care and quality of life.Here,we report an injectable,self-healable,and reusable hydrogel obtained by mixing the concentrated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)doped with polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)suspension(~2 wt.%solid content),polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),and borax.Leveraging the presence of reversible borax/hydroxyl bonds and multiple hydrogen bonds,this PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogel exhibits notable shear-thinning behavior and self-healing capabilities,enabling it to be injected as a gel fiber from a syringe.As-prepared injectable hydrogel also demonstrates an ultra-low modulus(~2.5 MPa),reduced on-skin impedance(~45%of commercial electrodes),and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)(~15-22 dB)in recording of electrocardiography(ECG),electromyography(EMG),and electroencephalogram(EEG)signals.Furthermore,the injectable hydrogels can be remolded and reinjected as the reusable electrodes,maintaining nearly identical electrophysiological recording capabilities and brain-computer interface(BCI)performance compared to commercial wet electrodes.With their straightforward fabrication,excellent material properties and electronic performance,ease of cleaning,and remarkable reusability,our injectable PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogels hold promise for advancements in BCI based electronics and wearable bioelectronics.展开更多
In the green energy and carbon-neutral technology,electrochemical energy storage devices have received continuously increasing attention recently.However,due to the unavoidable volume expansion/shrinkage of key materi...In the green energy and carbon-neutral technology,electrochemical energy storage devices have received continuously increasing attention recently.However,due to the unavoidable volume expansion/shrinkage of key materials or irreversible mechanical damages during application,the stability of energy storage and delivery as well as the lifetime of these devices are severely shortened,leading to serious performance degradation or even safety issues.Therefore,the utilization of self-healable gels into electrochemical energy storage devices,such as electrodes,binders,and electrolytes,is proven as an effective method to realize long-term stable operation of these devices via the self-repairing of mechanical and electrochemical characteristics.Herein,this review first summarizes the feature and fabrication of different gels,paying special attention to hydrogels,organohydrogels,and ionogels.Then,basic concepts and figure of merit of self-healable gels are analyzed with a detailed discussion at the healing mechanisms,from reversible dynamic bonds to physical molecular diffusion,and to external healing trigger.Then we introduce all the important parts of electrochemical energy storage devices,which could be replaced by healable gels to enhance the durability,including electrodes,binders,and electrolytes.Finally,the critical challenges and future perspectives regarding the future development of healable gels based high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices or electronics are provided.展开更多
Multimodal sensing, achieved by integrating multiple sensors on a flexible substrate, whether worn or implanted, facilitates versatile and highly sensitive monitoring of diverse signals(physical,chemical, electrophysi...Multimodal sensing, achieved by integrating multiple sensors on a flexible substrate, whether worn or implanted, facilitates versatile and highly sensitive monitoring of diverse signals(physical,chemical, electrophysiological), aiding in device miniaturization and finding extensive applications in human–machine interaction,health monitoring, brain–computer interfaces, disease management, and drug delivery [1].展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62304112 and 62288102)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(No.BK20230359)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(No.22KJB430038)Natural Science Research Start-up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(No.NY221111).
文摘Injectability empowers conductive hydrogels to transcend traditional limitations,unlocking a realm of possibilities for innovative medical,wearable,and therapeutic applications that can significantly enhance patient care and quality of life.Here,we report an injectable,self-healable,and reusable hydrogel obtained by mixing the concentrated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)doped with polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)suspension(~2 wt.%solid content),polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),and borax.Leveraging the presence of reversible borax/hydroxyl bonds and multiple hydrogen bonds,this PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogel exhibits notable shear-thinning behavior and self-healing capabilities,enabling it to be injected as a gel fiber from a syringe.As-prepared injectable hydrogel also demonstrates an ultra-low modulus(~2.5 MPa),reduced on-skin impedance(~45%of commercial electrodes),and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)(~15-22 dB)in recording of electrocardiography(ECG),electromyography(EMG),and electroencephalogram(EEG)signals.Furthermore,the injectable hydrogels can be remolded and reinjected as the reusable electrodes,maintaining nearly identical electrophysiological recording capabilities and brain-computer interface(BCI)performance compared to commercial wet electrodes.With their straightforward fabrication,excellent material properties and electronic performance,ease of cleaning,and remarkable reusability,our injectable PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogels hold promise for advancements in BCI based electronics and wearable bioelectronics.
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Start-up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(No.NY221111)Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(No.22KJB430038)awarded to Y.L.Z.W.L.+1 种基金thanks the support from the National Natural Science Foundation Program of China(No.52204370)Open project of Hebei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology(No.20211204-7).
文摘In the green energy and carbon-neutral technology,electrochemical energy storage devices have received continuously increasing attention recently.However,due to the unavoidable volume expansion/shrinkage of key materials or irreversible mechanical damages during application,the stability of energy storage and delivery as well as the lifetime of these devices are severely shortened,leading to serious performance degradation or even safety issues.Therefore,the utilization of self-healable gels into electrochemical energy storage devices,such as electrodes,binders,and electrolytes,is proven as an effective method to realize long-term stable operation of these devices via the self-repairing of mechanical and electrochemical characteristics.Herein,this review first summarizes the feature and fabrication of different gels,paying special attention to hydrogels,organohydrogels,and ionogels.Then,basic concepts and figure of merit of self-healable gels are analyzed with a detailed discussion at the healing mechanisms,from reversible dynamic bonds to physical molecular diffusion,and to external healing trigger.Then we introduce all the important parts of electrochemical energy storage devices,which could be replaced by healable gels to enhance the durability,including electrodes,binders,and electrolytes.Finally,the critical challenges and future perspectives regarding the future development of healable gels based high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices or electronics are provided.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62304112)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (BK20230359)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province (22KJB430038)the Natural Science Research Start-up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NY221111)。
文摘Multimodal sensing, achieved by integrating multiple sensors on a flexible substrate, whether worn or implanted, facilitates versatile and highly sensitive monitoring of diverse signals(physical,chemical, electrophysiological), aiding in device miniaturization and finding extensive applications in human–machine interaction,health monitoring, brain–computer interfaces, disease management, and drug delivery [1].