儿童肾上腺皮质癌的诊断与预后

目的:总结分析儿童肾上腺皮质癌的诊断与预后。方法:分析南京医科大学附属儿童医院2010年9月至2018年3月收治的10例肾上腺皮质癌患儿资料,分析其临床表现、实验室检查、辅助检查、病理和预后。结果:10例患儿年龄5个月至11岁9个月,平均年龄(53.3±48.4)个月;男性5例,女性5例。临床表现各异,主要表现为腹部包块、高血压、皮质醇症和外周性早熟。实验室检查乳酸脱氢酶升高8例,神经烯醇化酶升高5例,皮质醇升高4例,部分性激素异常2例。辅助检查全腹部CT增强表现为肾上腺区域形态不规则的肿块,密度不均匀,包块内可有坏死、钙化,部分伴有周围组织的浸润。病理提示肿瘤细胞多形性,核分裂像多见,核分裂指数高,间质血窦丰富,可见坏死,肿瘤浸润,血管侵犯,Weiss评分≥3分。年龄、LDH、皮质醇、Weiss评分、肿瘤大小、分期、手术切除率在预后因素中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:对于肾上腺占位的患儿,结合其临床表现、实验室检查、辅助检查早期做出皮质癌的诊断,选择合适的治疗方案对提高患儿生存率至关重要;结合病理学检查可以较好地与其他肾上腺包块鉴别。

An Effective and Scalable VM Migration Strategy to Mitigate Cross-VM Side-Channel Attacks in Cloud

Co-residency of virtual machines(VMs) of different tenants on the same physical platform would possibly lead to cross-VM side-channel attacks in the cloud. While most of current countermeasures fail for real or immediate deployment due to their requirement for modification of virtualization structure, we adopt dynamic migration, an inherent mechanism of the cloud platform, as a general defense against this kind of threats. To this end, we first set up a unified practical information leakage model which shows the factors affecting side channels and describes the way they influence the damage due to side-channel attacks. Since migration is adopted to limit the time duration of co-residency, we envision this defense as an optimization problem by setting up an Integer Linear Programming(ILP) to calculate optimal migration strategy, which is intractable due to high computational complexity. Therefore, we approximate the ILP with a baseline genetic algorithm, which is further improved for its optimality and scalability. Experimental results show that our migration-based defense can not only provide excellent security guarantees and affordable performance cost in both theoretical simulation and practical cloud environment, but also achieve better optimality and scalability than previous countermeasures.

Fuzzy Reliability Analysis of One Paralleling System

In this paper,we analyze the fuzzy reliability of paralleling system,focusing on the situation of the early failure mode.The early failure mode of fuzzy reliability mainly obeys the Weibull distribution.Based on this,we obtain the distribution function,density function,failure function,reliability function and the formula of the mean time to failure.For the paralleling system composed of multiple components,C1,C2,???,Cn,especially whenη=1,we also obtain the corresponding formulas.Finally,we cite an example to verify the formula and deepen the understanding.

Survey on quantitative evaluations of moving target defense

Quantitative evaluations are of great importance in network security decision-making.In recent years,moving target defense(MTD)has appeared to be a promising defense approach that blocks asymmetrical advantage of attackers and favors the defender-notwithstanding,it has a limited deployment due to its uncertain efficiency and effectiveness in defense.In that case,quantitative metrics and evaluations of MTD are essential to prove its capability and impulse its further research.This article presents a comprehensive survey on state-of-the-art quantitative evaluations.First,taxonomy of MTD techniques is stated according to the software stack model.Then,a concrete review and comparison on existing quantitative evaluations of MTD is presented.Finally,notice-worthy open issues regarding this topic are proposed along with the conclusions of previous studies.

Co-regulator NCOA5 and cancer

NCOA5 encodes a co-regulator for estrogen receptors(ERαand ERβ),orphan nuclear receptors(REV-ERBαand REV-ERBβ)and liver X receptor.It can influence many cellular processes by either promoting or inhibiting gene expression through its two important functional motifs:LxxLL(co-activator)andΦxxΦΦ(co-repressor).Many reports have revealed the important roles of NCOA5 in diseases,such as diabetes,reproductive defects and autoimmune disease.In this review,we focus on its function in cancers and summary the current research progresses regarding its different roles in various cancers.

Application of the Zhe Yin’s Gene Inherits Law

Several results are provided using gene inherits law in another article [1], making use of the theory of algebra in mathematics, according to which we derive, which will give some reference value to genetics.

Cancer Gene Extraction Based on Stepwise Regression

With the expansion of the gene expression profile database,in the case of as little as possible to lose information or to retain the most critical information,gene extraction has become a main direction for the scholars.This paper excludes 1561 irrelevant genes through the definition of weighted distance firstly,and then removes 252 redundant genes by Pearson's correlation coefficient.Finally by comparing the two methods,stepwise regression after clustering and only stepwise analysis,we obtain the best combination of 8 genes.

Fuzzy Reliability Function of Linear Combination of Marshall and Olkin’S Bivariate Exponential Distribution

In this paper,the fuzzy reliability function Z=X+Y has been derived.In the case of that X,Y subjects to Marshall-Olkin bivariate exponential distribution,assumingμ=μ1μ2.

Method for reducing cloud workflow completion time under the task interruption

As more and more large-scale scientific workflows are delivered to clouds,the business model of workflow-as-a-service is emerging.But there are many kinds of threats in the cloud environment,which can interrupt the task execution and extend the workflow completion time.As an important QoS parameter,the workflow completion time is determined by the critical task path.Therefore,critical path redundancy method is proposed to create a redundant path having the interact parallel relationship with the critical path,which can provide the protection for the tasks in the critical path and reduce the probability of the critical path interruption.Computing instance allocation is an essential part of the cloud workflow execution,since only the tasks assigned the instance can begin execution.In order to further reduce the workflow completion time,computing instance allocation algorithm based on HEFT(heterogeneous earliest finish time)is proposed.The algorithm considers diverse task dependency relationships and takes full advantages of the critical path redundancy method,which can improve the efficiency of workflow execution.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively reduce the cloud workflow completion time under the task interruption.

Recent advances in bacterial therapeutics based on sense and response

Intelligent drug delivery is a promising strategy for cancer therapies.In recent years,with the rapid development of synthetic biology,some properties of bacteria,such as gene operability,excellent tumor colonization ability,and host-independent structure,make them ideal intelligent drug carriers and have attracted extensive attention.By implanting condition-responsive elements or gene circuits into bacteria,they can synthesize or release drugs by sensing stimuli.Therefore,compared with traditional drug delivery,the usage of bacteria for drug loading has better targeting ability and controllability,and can cope with the complex delivery environment of the body to achieve the intelligent delivery of drugs.This review mainly introduces the development of bacterial-based drug delivery carriers,including mechanisms of bacterial targeting to tumor colonization,gene deletions or mutations,environment-responsive elements,and gene circuits.Meanwhile,we summarize the challenges and prospects faced by bacteria in clinical research,and hope to provide ideas for clinical translation.

Hybrid-driven Gaussian process online learning for highly maneuvering multi-target tracking

The performance of existing maneuvering target tracking methods for highly maneuvering targets in cluttered environments is unsatisfactory.This paper proposes a hybrid-driven approach for tracking multiple highly maneuvering targets,leveraging the advantages of both data-driven and model-based algorithms.The time-varying constant velocity model is integrated into the Gaussian process(GP)of online learning to improve the performance of GP prediction.This integration is further combined with a generalized probabilistic data association algorithm to realize multi-target tracking.Through the simulations,it has been demonstrated that the hybrid-driven approach exhibits significant performance improvements in comparison with widely used algorithms such as the interactive multi-model method and the data-driven GP motion tracker.

A novel variable structure multi-model approach based on error-ambiguity decomposition

Model Set Adaptation(MSA)plays a key role in the Variable Structure Multi-Model tracking approach(VSMM).In this paper,the Error-Ambiguity Decomposition(EAD)principle is adopted to derive the EAD-MSA criterion that is optimal in the sense of minimizing the square error between the estimate and the truth.Consequently,the EAD Variable Structure first-order General Pseudo Bayesian(EAD-VSGPB1)algorithm and the EAD Variable Structure Interacting Multiple Model(EAD-VSIMM)algorithm are constructed.The proposed algorithms are tested in two groups of maneuvering target tracking scenarios under different modes and observation error conditions.The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the EAD-VSMM approach and show that,compared to some existing multi-model algorithms,the proposed EAD-VSMM algorithms achieve more robust and accurate tracking results.

Photosynthetic microorganisms coupled photodynamic therapy for enhanced antitumor immune effect

The ideal photodynamic therapy(PDT)should effectively remove the primary tumor,and produce a stronger immune memory effect to inhibit the tumor recurrence and tumor metastasis.However,limited by the hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment,the PDT efficiency is apparently low.Here,Chlorella(Chl.)is exploited to enhance local effect by producing oxygen to reverse hypoxia,and release adjuvants to reverse immunosuppressive microenvironment to enhance abscopal effect afterwards.Results from different animal models indicated that Chl.could enhance local effect and PDT related immune response.Ultimately,Chl.coupled PDT elicited anti-tumor effects toward established primary tumors(inhibition rate:90%)and abscopal tumors(75%),controlled the challenged tumors(100%)and alleviated metastatic tumors(90%).This Chl.coupled PDT strategy can also produce a stronger anti-tumor immune memory effect.Overall,this Chl.coupled PDT strategy generates enhanced local tumor killing,boosts PDT-induced immune responses and promotes anti-tumor immune memory effect,which may be a great progress for realizing systemic effect of PDT.