水稻OsSH3P2短肽多克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

特异性抗体的成功制备是研究蛋白功能的重要环节,目前短肽抗体制备技术在动物中的应用日益成熟,然而该项技术在植物中的应用甚少.本研究通过分析水稻OsSH3P2蛋白的抗原表位、亲水性以及同源蛋白氨基酸序列,同时利用RoseTTAFold系统进行蛋白模型预测.选取了3条序列特异、亲水性高、具有抗原表位和不同肽链结构的氨基酸序列,通过人工合成短肽抗原、偶联KLH载体蛋白后,免疫新西兰大白兔制备得到相应多克隆抗体.经酶联免疫吸附测定检测获得了3份Anti-OsSH3P2-1#、Anti-OsSH3P2-2#、Anti-OsSH3P2-3#高效价短肽多克隆抗体血清.用免疫印迹(Western blotting)方法对OsSH3P2原核重组蛋白和植株内源的OsSH3P2蛋白进行检测,以进一步确定短肽抗体的特异性.结果显示,由不含α-螺旋和β-折叠结构的肽段作为抗原,免疫制得的Anti-OsSH3P2-1#短肽多克隆抗体能有效识别OsSH3P2蛋白,且不受同源蛋白干扰,说明该抗体具有较高的免疫特异性.OsSH3P2短肽多克隆抗体的成功制备,为进一步挖掘OsSH3P2生物学功能奠定基础,且为植物短肽抗体制备提供新的思路.

SH3P2,an SH3 domain-containing protein that interacts with both Pib and AvrPib,suppresses effector-triggered,Pib-mediated immunity in rice

Plants usually keep resistance(R)proteins in a static state under normal conditions to avoid autoimmunity and save energy for growth,but R proteins can be rapidly activated upon perceiving pathogen invasion.Pib,the first cloned blast disease R gene in rice,encoding a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)protein,mediates resistance to the blast fungal(Magnaporthe oryzae)isolates carrying the avirulence gene AvrPib.However,the molecular mechanisms about how Pib recognizes AvrPib and how it is inactivated and activated remain largely unclear.In this study,through map-based cloning and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing,we proved that Pib contributes to the blast disease resistance of rice cultivar Yunyin(YY).Furthermore,an SH3 domain-containing protein,SH3P2,was found to associate with Pib mainly at clathrin-coated vesicles in rice cells,via direct binding with the coiled-coil(CC)domain of Pib.Interestingly,overexpression of SH3P2 in YY compromised Pib-mediated resistance to M.oryzae isolates carrying AvrPib and Pib-AvrPib recognition-induced cell death.SH3P2 competitively inhibits the self-association of the Pib CC domain in vitro,suggesting that binding of SH3P2 with Pib undermines its homodimerization.Moreover,SH3P2 can also interact with AvrPib and displays higher affinity to AvrPib than to Pib,which leads to dissociation of SH3P2 from Pib in the presence of AvrPib.Taken together,our results suggest that SH3P2 functions as a“protector”to keep Pib in a static state by direct interaction during normal growth but could be triggered off by the invasion of AvrPib-carrying M.oryzae isolates.Our study reveals a new mechanism about how an NLR protein is inactivated under normal conditions but is activated upon pathogen infection.

Rice yellow stunt virus activates polyamine biosynthesis to promote viral propagation in insect vectors by disrupting ornithine decarboxylase antienzyme function

Intracellular polyamines(putrescine,spermidine,and spermine)have emerged as important molecules for viral infection;however,how viruses activate polyamines biosynthesis to promote viral infection remains unclear.Ornithine decarboxylase 1(ODC1)and its antienzyme 1(OAZ1)are major regulators of polyamine biosynthesis in animal cells.Here,we report that rice yellow stunt virus(RYSV),a plant rhabdovirus,could activate putrescine biosynthesis in leafhoppers to promote viral propagation by inhibiting OAZ1 expression.We observed that the reduction of putrescine biosynthesis by treatment with difluormethylornithine(DFMO),a specific nontoxic inhibitor of ODC1,or with in vitro synthesized dsRNAs targeting ODC1 mRNA could inhibit viral infection.In contrast,the supplement of putrescine or the increase of putrescine biosynthesis by treatment with ds RNAs targeting OAZ1 mRNA could facilitate viral infection.We further determined that both RYSV matrix protein M and ODC1 directly bind to the ODC-binding domain at the C-terminus of OAZ1.Thus,viral propagation in leafhoppers would decrease the ability of OAZ1 to target and mediate the degradation of ODC1,which finally activates putrescine production to benefit viral propagation.This work reveals that polyamine-metabolizing enzymes are directly exploited by a vector-borne virus to increase polyamine production,thereby facilitating viral infection in insect vectors.