The effects of an external store on the flutter characteristics of a composite laminated plate in a supersonic flow are investigated. The Dirac function is used to formulate the interaction between the plate and the s...The effects of an external store on the flutter characteristics of a composite laminated plate in a supersonic flow are investigated. The Dirac function is used to formulate the interaction between the plate and the store. The first-order piston theory is used to describe the aerodynamic load. The governing equation of the composite laminated plate with an external store is established based on the Hamilton principle. The mode shapes are constructed by the admissible functions which axe a set of characteristic orthogonal polynomials generated directly by the Gram-Schmidt process, and the boundary constraint is modeled as the artificial springs. The frequency and mode shapes of the plate under different boundaries are determined by the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The validity of the proposed approach is confirmed by comparing the results with those obtained from the finite element method (FEM). The effects of the mounting position, the center of gravity position and the mounting points spacing of the external store on the flutter boundary are discussed for both the simply supported and cantilever plates, respectively, which correspond to the two installation sites of the external store, i.e., the belly and wings of the aircraft.展开更多
The effects of shape memory alloy( SMA) wires on the natural frequency,flutter boundary and amplitude of limit cycle oscillation( LCO) of a laminated composite panel are investigated. The classical plate theory as wel...The effects of shape memory alloy( SMA) wires on the natural frequency,flutter boundary and amplitude of limit cycle oscillation( LCO) of a laminated composite panel are investigated. The classical plate theory as well as von-Karman strain-displacement relation are used to formulate the nonlinear dynamic model of the smart laminated panel. The aerodynamic loadings are simulated by the third order piston theory. The thermomechanical behavior of SMA wires is estimated according to one-dimensional Brinson SMA model. The effects of SMA wires temperature,pre-strain,volume fraction and orientation on flutter boundary and amplitude of LCO of the panel are analyzed in detail.展开更多
Skin wounds are a major medical challenge that threaten human health.Functional hydrogel dressings demonstrate great potential to promote wound healing.In this study,magnesium(Mg)and zinc(Zn)are introduced into methac...Skin wounds are a major medical challenge that threaten human health.Functional hydrogel dressings demonstrate great potential to promote wound healing.In this study,magnesium(Mg)and zinc(Zn)are introduced into methacrylate gelatin(GelMA)hydrogel via low-temperature magnetic stirring and photocuring,and their effects on skin wounds and the underlying mechanisms are investigated.Degradation testing confirmed that the GelMA/Mg/Zn hydrogel released magnesium ions(Mg^(2+))and zinc ions(Zn^(2+))in a sustained manner.The Mg^(2+) and Zn^(2+)not only enhanced the migration of human skin fibroblasts(HSFs)and human immortalized keratinocytes(HaCats),but also promoted the transformation of HSFs into myofibroblasts and accelerated the production and remodeling of extracellular matrix.Moreover,the GelMA/Mg/Zn hydrogel enhanced the healing of full-thickness skin defects in rats via accelerated collagen deposition,angiogenesis and skin wound re-epithelialization.We also identified the mechanisms through which GelMA/Mg/Zn hydrogel promoted wound healing:the Mg^(2+) promoted Zn^(2+)entry into HSFs and increased the concentration of Zn^(2+)in HSFs,which effectively induced HSFs to differentiate into myofibroblasts by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway.The synergistic effect of Mg^(2+) and Zn^(2+)promoted wound healing.In conclusion,our study provides a promising strategy for skin wounds regeneration.展开更多
This paper discusses the status and changes in educational attainment and gender inequality in education for the Chinese population based on the data from the 7th National Census of China and previous censuses since 1...This paper discusses the status and changes in educational attainment and gender inequality in education for the Chinese population based on the data from the 7th National Census of China and previous censuses since 1982.The results indicate that gender inequality in education has lessened while educational attainment has improved.However,it is necessary to continue to eradicate illiteracy in the West,further promote compulsory education rates,increase the advancement rate to high school,and reduce the urban-rural gap in education to further develop education.This paper indicates that the increased educational opportunities for women combined with their relatively superior academic abilities have resulted in a new reversed gender inequality in that males are at a disadvantage,especially in higher education.The fact that women have benefited more from the expansion of higher education than men have was an unintended consequence of China's one-child fertility policy since the family resources are less diluted by fewer children in a household and daughters are regarded as long-term family members.This paper further reveals that although women outperform men at every level of the educational system,they often voluntarily withdraw from pursuing doctoral degrees due to the increasing pressure as they age and age discrimination which drives them to enter marriage and the labor market earlier than men do.展开更多
The dynamic behavior of a viscoelastic high-order shear microbeam is studied based on a new constitutive model which incorporates size effects and viscoelasticity simultaneously.The size effects are modeled by the non...The dynamic behavior of a viscoelastic high-order shear microbeam is studied based on a new constitutive model which incorporates size effects and viscoelasticity simultaneously.The size effects are modeled by the nonlocal gradient elasticity,while viscoelastic effects are modeled by fractional-order derivatives.The constitutive relation and the equations of motion are both differential equations with fractional-order derivatives.Based on the Laplace transform and inverse transform,the analytical solution of the dynamic response under a step load is obtained in terms of the Mittag–Leffler function.In order to verify the reliability of the analytical solution,a comparison with the numerical solution is also provided.Based on the numerical results,the effects of the nonlocal parameter,strain gradient parameter,fractional-order parameter,and viscosity coefficient on the dynamic response of the viscoelastic microbeam are discussed.It is found that the influences of the fractional order and the coefficient of viscosity on the dynamic response of the microbeam are very different,although both are related to the viscoelastic behavior.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11472089)
文摘The effects of an external store on the flutter characteristics of a composite laminated plate in a supersonic flow are investigated. The Dirac function is used to formulate the interaction between the plate and the store. The first-order piston theory is used to describe the aerodynamic load. The governing equation of the composite laminated plate with an external store is established based on the Hamilton principle. The mode shapes are constructed by the admissible functions which axe a set of characteristic orthogonal polynomials generated directly by the Gram-Schmidt process, and the boundary constraint is modeled as the artificial springs. The frequency and mode shapes of the plate under different boundaries are determined by the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The validity of the proposed approach is confirmed by comparing the results with those obtained from the finite element method (FEM). The effects of the mounting position, the center of gravity position and the mounting points spacing of the external store on the flutter boundary are discussed for both the simply supported and cantilever plates, respectively, which correspond to the two installation sites of the external store, i.e., the belly and wings of the aircraft.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91216106 and 11472089)
文摘The effects of shape memory alloy( SMA) wires on the natural frequency,flutter boundary and amplitude of limit cycle oscillation( LCO) of a laminated composite panel are investigated. The classical plate theory as well as von-Karman strain-displacement relation are used to formulate the nonlinear dynamic model of the smart laminated panel. The aerodynamic loadings are simulated by the third order piston theory. The thermomechanical behavior of SMA wires is estimated according to one-dimensional Brinson SMA model. The effects of SMA wires temperature,pre-strain,volume fraction and orientation on flutter boundary and amplitude of LCO of the panel are analyzed in detail.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation China(52073121)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(202102010117)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21622406)the Project Team of Foshan National Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone Industrialization Entrepreneurial Teams Program(2220197000129).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2021YFC2400700]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 82170929,81970908]+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund Project[grant numbers L222090,L212014]the Beijing Nova Program.
文摘Skin wounds are a major medical challenge that threaten human health.Functional hydrogel dressings demonstrate great potential to promote wound healing.In this study,magnesium(Mg)and zinc(Zn)are introduced into methacrylate gelatin(GelMA)hydrogel via low-temperature magnetic stirring and photocuring,and their effects on skin wounds and the underlying mechanisms are investigated.Degradation testing confirmed that the GelMA/Mg/Zn hydrogel released magnesium ions(Mg^(2+))and zinc ions(Zn^(2+))in a sustained manner.The Mg^(2+) and Zn^(2+)not only enhanced the migration of human skin fibroblasts(HSFs)and human immortalized keratinocytes(HaCats),but also promoted the transformation of HSFs into myofibroblasts and accelerated the production and remodeling of extracellular matrix.Moreover,the GelMA/Mg/Zn hydrogel enhanced the healing of full-thickness skin defects in rats via accelerated collagen deposition,angiogenesis and skin wound re-epithelialization.We also identified the mechanisms through which GelMA/Mg/Zn hydrogel promoted wound healing:the Mg^(2+) promoted Zn^(2+)entry into HSFs and increased the concentration of Zn^(2+)in HSFs,which effectively induced HSFs to differentiate into myofibroblasts by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway.The synergistic effect of Mg^(2+) and Zn^(2+)promoted wound healing.In conclusion,our study provides a promising strategy for skin wounds regeneration.
文摘This paper discusses the status and changes in educational attainment and gender inequality in education for the Chinese population based on the data from the 7th National Census of China and previous censuses since 1982.The results indicate that gender inequality in education has lessened while educational attainment has improved.However,it is necessary to continue to eradicate illiteracy in the West,further promote compulsory education rates,increase the advancement rate to high school,and reduce the urban-rural gap in education to further develop education.This paper indicates that the increased educational opportunities for women combined with their relatively superior academic abilities have resulted in a new reversed gender inequality in that males are at a disadvantage,especially in higher education.The fact that women have benefited more from the expansion of higher education than men have was an unintended consequence of China's one-child fertility policy since the family resources are less diluted by fewer children in a household and daughters are regarded as long-term family members.This paper further reveals that although women outperform men at every level of the educational system,they often voluntarily withdraw from pursuing doctoral degrees due to the increasing pressure as they age and age discrimination which drives them to enter marriage and the labor market earlier than men do.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12072022,11872105,and 11911530176)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-BR-18-008B,FRF-TW-2018-005).
文摘The dynamic behavior of a viscoelastic high-order shear microbeam is studied based on a new constitutive model which incorporates size effects and viscoelasticity simultaneously.The size effects are modeled by the nonlocal gradient elasticity,while viscoelastic effects are modeled by fractional-order derivatives.The constitutive relation and the equations of motion are both differential equations with fractional-order derivatives.Based on the Laplace transform and inverse transform,the analytical solution of the dynamic response under a step load is obtained in terms of the Mittag–Leffler function.In order to verify the reliability of the analytical solution,a comparison with the numerical solution is also provided.Based on the numerical results,the effects of the nonlocal parameter,strain gradient parameter,fractional-order parameter,and viscosity coefficient on the dynamic response of the viscoelastic microbeam are discussed.It is found that the influences of the fractional order and the coefficient of viscosity on the dynamic response of the microbeam are very different,although both are related to the viscoelastic behavior.