Downregulation of KCTD12 contributes to melanoma stemness by modulating CD271

Objective: Cancer metastasis remains the primary cause of cancer-related death worldwide.In a previous study, we found that levels of BTB/POZ domain-containing protein KCTD12 are lower in metastatic melanoma cells than in parental melanoma cells.The purpose of this study was to identify the roles of KCTD12 in cancer metastasis.Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) datasets were used to evaluate the relationship between KCTD12 and skin cutaneous melanoma(SKCM) prognosis.The effects of endogenous KCTD12 on biological behaviors were examined using the MTT assay.The impacts of KCTD12 on melanoma stemness were explored using spheroid formation assay.KCTD12 knockout A375 cells were generated to confirm the inhibitory effect of KCTD12 on CD271, and a mouse metastatic model was used to determine the impact of KCTD12 on melanoma metastasis in vivo.Results: KCTD12 levels were lower in lung metastatic cells than in paired parental melanoma cells, and low KCTD12 expression indicated a poor prognosis in SKCM.Cancer metastasis-related capacities were higher in lung metastatic cells than in parental melanoma cells.Moreover, KCTD12 knockdown enhanced tumor growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo.Mechanistically, the interaction between KCTD12 and CD271 might be responsible for the stemness transformation after KCTD12 knockdown.Conclusions: This study identifies for the first time the role of the interaction between KCTD12 and CD271 in inducing melanoma cell stemness transformation.Moreover, KCTD12 repression enhances melanoma cell growth, adhesion, migration and invasion.

High nitrogen carbon material with rich defects as a highly efficient metal-free catalyst for excellent catalytic performance of acetylene hydrochlorination

In this work,we developed a simple strategy to synthesize a carbon material with high nitrogen and rich carbon defects.Our approach polymerized diaminopyridine(DAP) and ammonium persulfate(APS).Following a range of different temperature pyrolysis approaches,the resulting rough surface was shown to exhibit edge defects due to N-doping on graphite carbon.A series of catalysts were evaluated using a variety of characterization techniques and tested for catalytic performance.The catalytic performance of the N-doped carbon material enhanced alongside an increment in carbon defects.The NC-800 catalyst exhibited outstanding catalytic activity and stability in acetylene hydrochlorination(C_(2) H_(2) GHSV=30 h^(-1),at 220℃,the acetylene conversion rate was 98%),with its stability reaching up to 450 h.Due to NC-800 having a nitrogen content of up to 13.46%,it had the largest specific surface area and a high defect amount,as well as strong C_(2) H_(2) and HCl adsorption.NC-800 has excellent catalytic activity and stability to reflect its unlimited potential as a carbon material.

一株地膜降解真菌的筛选及其降解性能分析

【目的】分离并鉴定具有聚乙烯材料降解能力的微生物菌株,探究其降解农用地膜的效能,为地膜的微生物降解途径提供支撑。【方法】以线性低密度聚乙烯粉末为唯一碳源的培养物中分离出1株具有降解聚乙烯材料能力的真菌,利用分子生物学方法结合菌株的培养性状对该菌株进行鉴定,通过观察聚乙烯粉末降解情况和测定地膜失重率,结合红外扫描、高分辨场发射扫描电子显微镜分析该菌株对农用地膜的降解效果。【结果】筛选获得1株具有农用地膜降解效果的真菌菌株PT1,经鉴定为桔青霉(Penicillium citrinum),桔青霉PT1菌株能以重均分子量(Mw)2000和400000的聚乙烯粉末作为唯一碳源生长,经红外扫描、电镜观察发现桔青霉PT1可侵蚀传统聚乙烯地膜。桔青霉PT1能快速利用聚酯类生物降解地膜生长,35 d地膜失重率达50%左右。【结论】本文筛选到具有地膜降解特性的桔青霉PT1真菌,丰富了降解聚乙烯材料的微生物类群,同时也为废弃农用地膜的处理提供了环保的处理途径。

Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide can safely prevent NSCLC metastasis via targeting EGFR and EMT

Dear Editor,Cancer metastasis,dissemination of cancer cells from primary tumors to distant sites,attributes to 90%cancer-related death.1 Although the targeted therapies,bio-nanomaterial-based target delivery,and the consequent adoption of the so-called personalized medicine have obtained notable achievements in some cancers,significant problems still exist with these approaches.2 There are hardly any cancer therapeutic agents that can interfere with metastasized cancer.In recent times,we proposed a novel concept,namely cancer metastasis chemoprevention,which is different from the existing cancer chemotherapy and cancer chemoprevention.Cancer metastasis chemoprevention aims at safely preventing circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and related molecules from gemmating into the metastatic tissues.The strategy does not intend to kill cancer cells as cancer chemotherapy does,nor to aimlessly prevent cancers from carcinogenesis as cancer chemoprevention does.

NOL7 facilitates melanoma progression and metastasis

Dear Editor,Metastasis is the cause of most fatalities in cancer patients and remains the phenomenon poorly understood mechanistically. Deciphering of the regulatory networks underlying the cancer cell metastasis is urgently needed. Nucleolar protein 7 (NOL7) has been reported to function as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer.1 Our current study reveals a novel tumor-promoting capacity of NOL7 in melanoma. We first detected that NOL7 expression is upregulated in metastatic melanoma as compared with its expression at the primary site through isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation proteomic screening, further confirming this finding with the analysis of NOL7 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels (Supplementary Fig. S1). Importantly, NOL7 expression increased with the disease progression from benign nevus to primary melanoma and further to metastatic melanoma (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Fig. S1d). Previous studies have shown that melanoma is commonly associated with the amplification of the chromosome region 6p, particularly 6p21–23, where the NOL7 gene resides, and that this region frequently undergoes heterozygous loss in cervical cancer.2 It might therefore be predicted that NOL7 exhibits a different expression pattern and plays different roles in melanoma and cervical cancer.

Combination of Se-methylselenocysteine,D-α-tocopheryl succinate,β-carotene,and L-lysine can prevent cancer metastases using as an adjuvant therapy

Objective:Primary tumor treatment through surgical resection and adjuvant therapy has been extensively studied,but there is a lack of effective strategies and drugs for the treatment of tumor metastases.Here,we describe a functional product based on a combination of compounds,which can be used as an adjuvant therapy and has well-known mechanisms for inhibiting cancer metastases,improving anti-cancer treatment,and enhancing immunity and antioxidant capacity.Our designed combination,named MVBL,consists of four inexpensive compounds:L-selenium-methylselenocysteine(MSC),D-α-tocopheryl succinic acid(VES),β-carotene(β-Ca),and L-lysine(Lys).Methods:The effects of MVBL on cell viability,cell cycle,cell apoptosis,cell migration,cell invasion,reactive oxygen species(ROS),and paclitaxel(PTX)-combined treatment were studied in vitro.The inhibition of tumor metastasis,antioxidation,and immune enhancement capacity of MVBL were determined in vivo.Results:MVBL exhibited higher toxicity to tumor cells than to normal cells.It did not significantly affect the cell cycle of cancer cells,but increased their apoptosis.Wound healing,adhesion,and transwell assays showed that MVBL significantly inhibited tumor cell migration,adhesion,and invasion.MVBL sensitized MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to PTX,indicating that it can be used as an adjuvant to enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy drugs.In mice,experimental data showed that MVBL inhibited tumor metastasis,prolonged their survival time,and enhanced their antioxidant capacity and immune function.Conclusions:This study revealed the roles of MVBL in improving immunity and antioxidation,preventing tumor growth,and inhibiting metastasis in vitro and in vivo.MVBL may be used as an adjuvant drug in cancer therapy for improving the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.

Cancer metastasis chemoprevention prevents circulating tumour cells from germination

The war against cancer traces back to the signature event half-a-century ago when the US National Cancer Act was signed into law.The cancer crusade costs trillions with disappointing returns,teasing the possibility of a new breakthrough.Cure for cancer post-metastases still seems tantalisingly out of reach.Once metastasized,cancer-related death is extremely difficult,if not impossible,to be reversed.Here we present cancer pre-metastasis chemoprevention strategy that can prevent circulating tumour cells(CTCs)from initiating metastases safely and effectively,and is disparate from the traditional cancer chemotherapy and cancer chemoprevention.Deep learning of the biology of CTCs and their disseminating organotropism,complexity of their adhesion to endothelial niche reveals that if the adhesion of CTCs to their metastasis niche(the first and the most important part in cancer metastatic cascade)can be pharmaceutically interrupted,the lethal metastatic cascade could be prevented from getting initiated.We analyse the key inflammatory and adhesive factors contributing to CTC adhesion/germination,provide pharmacological fundamentals for abortifacients to intervene CTC adhesion to the distant metastasis sites.The adhesion/inhibition ratio(AIR)is defined for selecting the best cancer metastasis chemopreventive candidates.The successful development of such new therapeutic modalities for cancer metastasis chemoprevention has great potential to revolutionise the current ineffective post-metastasis treatments.

Author Correction:Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide can safely prevent NSCLC metastasis via targeting EGFR and EMT

In the process of collating the raw data,the authors noticed one inadvertent mistake in Fig.1 that need to be corrected.1 The correct data are provided as follows.The key findings of the article are not affected by these corrections.