Pulmonary Large Cell Carcinoma Displays High Expression of EMMPRIN and VEGF

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer(EMMPRIN) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in lung carcinomas,and to clarify their roles in carcinoma progression.METHODS Expression of EMMPRIN and VEGF was examined with tissue microarrays(TMAs) of lung carcinomas(n = 181),and their suppression in adjacent normal lung samples(n = 40) were determined by immunohistochemistry.The results were compared with clinicopathological fi ndings for the same tumors.RESULTS Both EMMPRIN and VEGF were occasionally ex-pressed in pseudostratif ied columnar epithelium and frequently in lung carcinomas.Histologically,EMMPRIN and VEGF displayed higher levels in large(LCC) cell carcinomas than adenocarcinoma(AD),squamous(SQ) and small cell carcinomas(SCC)(P < 0.05).EMMPRIN was more highly expressed in SQ as compared with AD(P < 0.05),while the converse was true for VEGF(P < 0.05).Binding was generally more intense for EMMPRIN in samples from male compared to female patients(P < 0.05),whereas the lat-ter tended to exhibit more VEGF expression(P < 0.05).Positive as-sociations of VEGF expression with the TNM stage and amounts of EMMPRIN were noted in the lung carcinomas(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION EMMPRIN and VEGF possibly contribute to physiological repair of normal lung and histogenesis of lung carci-noma.Both proteins might be involved in the molecular basis for differences in the incidence of lung carcinoma between men and women.

锂硫电池中能同时实现多硫化锂的物理阻挡与化学电催化作用的隔膜修饰层

锂硫电池的实际应用仍受制于一些挑战,包括氧化还原动力学缓慢和由此引发的穿梭效应等.为解决这些问题,我们巧妙合成了一种由FeS_(2)和分等级多孔碳结构(PCF)组成的隔膜修饰层.这种新颖的结构能同时实现对多硫化锂的物理阻挡与化学电催化效应.多硫化锂扩散实验证实PCF修饰的隔膜能够阻挡多硫化锂的渗透,而飞行时间二次离子质谱表明FeS_(2)能催化多硫化锂快速转化.因此,修饰后的锂硫电池表现出优异的倍率性能(5 C时比容量达764 mA h g^(-1))及显著的长循环稳定性(1 C时循环500次后比容量为698 mA h g^(-1)).值得注意的是,修饰后的锂硫电池最高面积容量为7.52 mA h cm^(-2),并且能够在较宽温域(-20至60°C)保持高循环稳定性.本研究为隔膜修饰层的高效应用提供了有价值的见解.

Position coordinates-based iterative reconstruction for robotic CT

Purpose Robotic CTs can achieve customized trajectory scanning with x-ray tube and detector held by flexible robotic arms rather than fixed rails or gantry.However,the motion errors of the robotic arms cannot be neglected.Hence,the reconstruction method of Robotic CTs should be suitable for arbitrary trajectory and should take motion errors into full consideration.Method In this paper,we present an iterative reconstruction method for robotic CT systems.Unlike the analytical algorithms,such as FDK,this method makes no assumption about the scan trajectory.The projection and backprojection operations are modeled by 3D distance-driven algorithm using the coordinates of x-ray source and detector center fed back from the robotic arm’s positioning system directly.Both numerical simulations and practical experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of this method in arbitrary trajectory reconstruction and motion errors correction for robotic CT systems.Results For our non-circular and non-planar trajectory scan,this proposed method could easily handle the reconstruction and obtain a result comparable to reference.In addition,for 0.1%motion errors,using the proposed method could improve the reconstruction quality,and the RMSE could be reduced by 30%.Conclusions This iterative reconstruction method is suitable for arbitrary trajectory scans and can decrease the degradation of image quality caused by motion errors of robotic arm.