Improving innovation and entrepreneurship education in higher institutions: the impact of "Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation" education on undergraduates' entrepreneurial intentions

The exploration of the way"mass entrepreneurship and innovation"(MEI)education influences students'aspirations to become entrepreneurs has grown into an important area of analysis in studies related to higher education.This research intends to examine the consequences of MEI education on students'tendency towards entrepreneurship,and to put forward methods for augmenting the teaching of innovation and entrepreneurship in private higher educational establishments.To achieve this objective,questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were employed in the study,which involved a total of 197 students and five education experts.The statistical analysis of the questionnaire data revealed that MEI education was positively related to students'entrepreneurial intentions,and that both entrepreneurial experience and family entrepreneurial background played moderating roles in this relationship.The interview findings indicated that private universities could enhance educational reforms by designing talent training programs,developing diversified curricula,and developing more professional entrepreneurial platforms to encourage students'entrepreneurial intentions.This study offers fresh insights for improving and perfecting the mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship education in private universities.

Exploring the Dual Subjectivity of Kindergarten's Self-made Play and Teaching Aids Activities from the Perspective of Children's Play Development in China

The joint development of teachers and young children is the basis for promoting the development of high-quality preschool education in the new era,and encouraging early childhood teachers to make playthings according to local conditions is both the fine tradition of China's early childhood education and the direct orientation of China's preschool education policy.Homemade play and teaching aids are some of the methods often used in kindergartens,which skillfully combine young children's daily life objects with toys and early childhood teaching,not only enriching the collective activities of young children but also cultivating children's abilities in various aspects.Kindergarten homemade"play and teaching aids"for early childhood teachers and children have their special educational significance and value,therefore,this paper is based on the children and teachers double subject basis,discussing the homemade"play and teaching aids"for children and teachers of the double subject meanings,and puts forward the realization of the This paper discusses the double-subjective meaning of homemade teaching aids for children and teachers on the basis of the double-subjective foundation of children and teachers,and puts forward specific suggestions for realizing the double-subjectivity of kindergarten homemade teaching aids to enrich the theoretical value and practical significance of homemade teaching aids,to provide theoretical references and support for the relevant staff.

Minimal invasive microscopic tooth preparation in esthetic restoration: a specialist consensus

By removing a part of the structure,the tooth preparation provides restorative space,bonding surface,and finish line for various restorations on abutment.Preparation technique plays critical role in achieving the optimal result of tooth preparation.With successful application of microscope in endodontics for>30 years,there is a full expectation of microscopic dentistry.However,as relatively little progress has been made in the application of microscopic dentistry in prosthodontics,the following assumptions have been proposed:Is it suitable to choose the tooth preparation technique under the naked eye in the microscopic vision?Is there a more accurate preparation technology intended for the microscope?To obtain long-term stable therapeutic effects,is it much easier to achieve maximum tooth preservation and retinal protection and maintain periodontal tissue and oral function health under microscopic vision?Whether the microscopic prosthodontics is a gimmick or a breakthrough in obtaining an ideal tooth preparation should be resolved in microscopic tooth preparation.This article attempts to illustrate the concept,core elements,and indications of microscopic minimally invasive tooth preparation,physiological basis of dental pulp,periodontium and functions involved in tool preparation,position ergonomics and visual basis for dentists,comparison of tooth preparation by naked eyes and a microscope,and comparison of different designs of microscopic minimally invasive tooth preparation techniques.Furthermore,a clinical protocol for microscopic minimally invasive tooth preparation based on target restorative space guide plate has been put forward and new insights on the quantity and shape of microscopic minimally invasive tooth preparation has been provided.

EF-Hand蛋白研究进展

EF-hand蛋白作为钙离子结合蛋白家族中的特殊成员和钙离子一起参与了从细胞增殖到细胞凋亡各方面的功能调节,EF-hand蛋白调节信号的异常也被认为是人类多种疾病的诱因。按照功能分类,EF-hand蛋白可以分为具有调控功能的Ca2+信号蛋白和只参与Ca2+转运、缓冲的Ca2+缓冲蛋白两大类。EF-hand蛋白功能的多样性与EF-hand结构的构象、组织形式、对钙离子的响应程度等密切相关。本文就EF-hand蛋白结构与功能的差异以及与疾病的关系进行简要综述。

Two-dimensional multimetallic sulfide nanosheets with multi-active sites to enhance polysulfide redox reactions in liquid Li2S6-based lithium-polysulfide batteries

The lithium-sulfur battery has attracted enormous attention as being one of the most significant energy storage technologies due to its high energy density and cost-effectiveness.However,the "shuttle effect" of polysulfide intermediates represents a formidable challenge towards its wide applications.Herein,we have designed and synthesized two-dimensional Cu,Zn and Sn-based multimetallic sulfide nanosheets to construct multi-active sites for the immobilization and entrapment of polysulfides with offering better performance in liquid Li2S6-based lithium-polysulfide batteries.Both experimental measurements and theoretical computations demonstrate that the interfacial multi-active sites of multimetallic sulfides not only accelerate the multi-chained redox reactions of highly diffusible polysulfides,but also strengthen affinities toward polysulfides.By adopting multimetallic sulfide nanosheets as the sulfur host,the liquid Li2 S6-based cell exhibits an impressive rate capability with 1200 mAh/g and retains 580 mAh/g at 0.5 mA/cm^(2) after 1000 cycles.With high sulfur mass loading conditions,the cell with 2.0 mg/cm^(2) sulfur loading delivers a cell capacity of 1068 mAh/g and maintains 480 mAh/g with 0.8 mA/cm^(2) and 500 cycles.This study provides new insights into the multifunctional material design with multi-active sites for elevated lithium-polysulfide batteries.

立体几何与测量学在口腔修复中的应用

数字化口腔修复学一直是国际口腔学界的前沿热点。从结果上看,口腔医学技术专业代表的口腔修复体制作端近十年来引入日益完善的计算机辅助设计、数控加工、制作等已相对成熟;但在口腔修复临床端,除数字化口扫、面扫、虚拟美学分析、设计及下颌运动轨迹描记等分析设计阶段运用了部分数字化手段外,大部分操作尤其是不可逆操作还是以经验类比模型为基础,数字化应用远未成熟。临床端缺少对目标修复空间的三维几何分析、精准转移及校验,是目前制约数字化口腔修复学整体进步的瓶颈,究其根源就是还没有真正做到遵循立体几何与测量学来形成数字化修复所需的精密逻辑基础。本文将探讨口腔修复中的立体几何量概念及其在修复边缘区域的典型表征、测量方案等,并总结当前弱人工智能阶段下数字化口腔修复学的学科特点与对未来的展望。

Highly uniform Co-Cu bimetallic sulfides for rechargeable alkaline aqueous zinc batteries

Rechargeable alkaline aqueous zinc batteries(RAZBs)have attracted increasing attention.However,most RAZBs are hindered by the limited availability of cathode materials.The practical electrochemical performance of most cathode materials is lower than the theoretical value due to their poor electrical conductivity and low utilization capacity.In this work,we develop a facile hydrothermal procedure to prepare highly uniform bimetallic sulfides as novel cathode materials for RAZBs.Copper-cobalt binary metallic oxides materials possess higher conductivity and larger capacity compared with their mono-metal oxides compounds due to bimetallic synergistic effects and multiple oxidation states.Furthermore,bimetallic sulfide compounds have smaller bond energy and longer bond length than their oxides,leading to less structural damage,faster kinetics of electrochemical reactions,and better stability.The as-prepared Co-Cu bimetallic sulfides show enhanced electrochemical performance due to various valences of Co and Cu as well as the existence of S.As a result,aqueous Zn/CuCo_(2)S_(4) battery shows a high specific capacity of 117.4 mAh/g at 4 A/g and a good cycle life of over 8000 cycles.Based on PANa hydrogel electrolytes,a flexible Zn/CuCo_(2)S_(4) battery demonstrates excellent cycling stability.This battery can also meet the requirements of electronic devices with different shapes and performs well in extreme environments,such as freezing,drilling,and hammering.This work opens new avenues to obtain high-rate and long-life cathode materials for RAZBs by utilizing the synergistic effects of bimetallic sulfides and provides a new platform for flexible energy storage devices.

Recent advances for Zn-gas batteries beyond Zn-air/oxygen battery

Zn-gas batteries have attracted great attention in the area of energy conversion and storage owing to their high theoretical energy density in the past decades.In addition to the most widely researched Znair/oxygen battery,other novel Zn-gas batteries such as Zn-CO_(2),Zn-N_(2) and Zn-NO batteries as“killing two birds with one stone”strategy have emerged to provide energy power and upgrade the pollutant/useless gases simultaneously.This technology becomes more appealing as a low-cost and controllable method to produce value-added chemicals and fuels(such as CO,HCOO^(-),CH_(4),NH_(3))at the cathode driven by surplus electricity.However,there is an absence of a guide for the selection of catalyst and the construction of energy system.Herein,we overview recent achievements in typical Zn-gas batteries beyond Zn-air/oxygen,mainly including Zn-CO_(2),Zn-N_(2) and Zn-NO batteries.The energy storage mechanism of these novel Zn-gas batteries has been clearly elaborated.Then,the produced value-added chemicals and the design of cathodic catalyst materials are summarized.Lastly,the remaining challenges and possible directions of Zn-gas batteries,such as highly reduced products,high yield rate and remarkable battery performance,in the future are discussed.

Spatiotemporal optical vortices generation in the green and ultraviolet via frequency upconversion[Invited]

As a newly discovered type of structured light,a spatiotemporal optical vortex(STOV),which is remarkable for its space–time spiral phase and transverse orbital angular momentum(OAM),has garnered substantial interest.Most previous studies have focused on the generation,characterization,and propagation of STOVs,but their nonlinear frequency conversion remains largely unexplored.Here,we experimentally demonstrate the generation of green and ultraviolet(UV)STOVs by frequency upconversion of a STOV carried near-infrared(NIR)pulse emitted by a high repetition rate Yb-doped fiber laser amplifier system.First,we verify that the topological charge of spatiotemporal OAM(ST-OAM)is doubled along with the optical frequency in the second-harmonic generation(SHG)process,which is visualized by the diffraction patterns of the STOVs in the fundamental and second-harmonic field.Second,the space–time characteristic of NIR STOV is successfully mapped to UV STOV by sum-frequency mixing STOV at 1037 nm and Gaussian beams in the green band.Furthermore,we observe the topological charges of the ST-OAM could be degraded owing to strong space–time coupling and complex spatiotemporal astigmatism of such beams.Our results not only deepen our understanding of nonlinear manipulation of STOAM spectra and the generation of STOVs at a new shorter wavelength,but also may promote new applications in both classical and quantum optics.

Tailoring WB morphology enables d-band centers to be highly active for high-performance lithium-sulfur battery

The d-band centers of catalysts have exhibited excellent performance in various reactions.Among them,the enhanced catalytic reaction is considered a crucial way to power dynamics and reduce the“shuttle”effect in polysulfide conversions of lithium-sulfur batteries.Here,we report two-dimensional-shaped tungsten borides(WB)nanosheets with d-band centers,where the d orbits of W atoms on the(001)facets show greatly promoting the electrocatalytic sulfur reduction reaction.As-prepared WB-based Li-S cells exhibit excellent electrochemical performance for Li-ion storage.Especially,it delivers superior capacities of 7.7 mAh/cm^(2) under the 8.0 mg/cm^(2) sulfur loading,which is far superior to most other electrode catalysts.This study provides insights into the d-band centers as a promising catalyst of twodimensional boride materials.

锌负极和锂负极在不同温度下的电化学行为

本文研究表明锂金属负极的枝晶问题在较低温度下会加剧,在较高温度下会受到抑制;而对于水系可充电锌基电池中锌金属负极的枝晶演变,温度的影响则恰恰相反.对两种负极的电化学行为的研究结果表明,界面反应速率和离子扩散率的匹配程度以及副反应综合影响了金属负极的枝晶生长和循环寿命.研究发现有机电解质和水电解质在上述影响因素上的不同性质导致相反的温度影响.本文进一步对混合电解质(有机和水性)进行了详细研究,以调节离子扩散率和副反应,同时扩大水系可充锌基电池的工作温度窗口.本文揭示了有机锂金属负极和水系锌基电池完全相反的温度影响,并揭示了潜在的影响机制,有助于加深对金属负极的理解,从而促进水系锌基电池的大规模应用.

Enhancing cell adhesive and antibacterial activities of glass-fibre-reinforced polyetherketoneketone through Mg and Ag PIII

Glass-fibre-reinforced polyetherketoneketone(PEKK-GF)shows great potential for application as a dental implant restoration material;however,its surface bioinertness and poor antibacterial properties limit its integration with peri-implant soft tissue,which is critical in the long-term success of implant restoration.Herein,functional magnesium(Mg)and silver(Ag)ions were introduced into PEKK-GF by plasma immersion ion implantation(PIII).Surface characterization confirmed that the surface morphology of PEKK-GF was not visibly affected by PIII treatment.Further tests revealed that PIII changed the wettability and electrochemical environment of the PEKK-GF surface and enabled the release of Mg^(2+)and Ag^(+)modulated by Giavanni effect.In vitro experiments showed that Mg/Ag PIII-treated PEKK-GF promoted the proliferation and adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts and upregulated the expression of adhesion-related genes and proteins.In addition,the treated samples inhibited the metabolic viability and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis on their surfaces,distorting bacterial morphology.Mg/Ag PIII surface treatment improved the soft tissue integration and antibacterial activities of PEKK-GF,which will further support and broaden its adoption in dentistry.

Modulation of Beta Oscillations for Implicit Motor Timing in Primate Sensorimotor Cortex during Movement Preparation

Motor timing is an important part of sensorimotor control. Previous studies have shown that beta oscillations embody the process of temporal perception in explicit timing tasks. In contrast, studies focusing on beta oscillations in implicit timing tasks are lacking. In this study, we set up an implicit motor timing task and found a modulation pattern of beta oscillations with temporal perception during movement preparation. We trained two macaques in a repetitive visually-guided reach-to-grasp task with different holding intervals. Spikes and local field potentials were recorded from microelectrode arrays in the primary motor cortex, primary somatosensory cortex, and posterior parietal cortex. We analyzed the association between beta oscillations and temporal interval in fixedduration experiments(500 ms as the Short Group and1500 ms as the Long Group) and random-duration experiments(500 ms to 1500 ms). The results showed that the peak beta frequencies in both experiments ranged from15 Hz to 25 Hz. The beta power was higher during the hold period than the movement(reach and grasp) period.Further, in the fixed-duration experiments, the mean poweras well as the maximum rate of change of beta power in the first 300 ms were higher in the Short Group than in the Long Group when aligned with the Center Hit event. In contrast, in the random-duration experiments, the corresponding values showed no statistical differences among groups. The peak latency of beta power was shorter in the Short Group than in the Long Group in the fixed-duration experiments, while no consistent modulation pattern was found in the random-duration experiments. These results indicate that beta oscillations can modulate with temporal interval in their power mode. The synchronization period of beta power could reflect the cognitive set maintaining working memory of the temporal structure and attention.

ETV2 mediates endothelial transdifferentiation of glioblastoma

Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is characterized by extensive endothelial hyperplasia.Recent studies suggest that a subpopulation of endothelial cells originates via vasculogenesis by the transdifferentiation of GBM tumor cells into endothelial cells(endotransdifferentiation).The molecular mechanism underlying this process remains poorly defined.Here,we show that the expression of ETS variant 2(ETV2),a master regulator of endothelial cell development,is highly correlated with malignancy.Functional studies demonstrate that ETV2 is sufficient and necessary for the transdifferentiation of a subpopulation of CD133+/Nestin+GBM/neural stem cells to an endothelial lineage.Combinational studies of ChIP-Seq with gain-of-function RNA-Seq data sets suggest that ETV2,in addition to activating vascular genes,represses proneural genes to direct endo-transdifferentiation.Since endotransdifferentiation by ETV2 is VEGF-A independent,it likely accounts for the observed resistance of GBM tumor cells to antiangiogenesis therapy.Further characterization of the regulatory networks mediated by ETV2 in endo-transdifferentiation of GBM tumor cells should lead to the identification of more effective therapeutic targets for GBM.

xtraction of internal phase motions in femtosecond soliton molecules using an orbital-angular-momentum-resolved method

Internal motions in femtosecond soliton molecules provide insight into universal collective dynamics in various nonlinear systems.Here we introduce an orbital-angular-momentum(OAM)-resolved method that maps the relative phase motion within a femtosecond soliton molecule into the rotational movement of the interferometric beam profile of two optical vortices.By this means,long-term relative phase evolutions of doublet and triplet soliton molecules generated in an all-polarization-maintaining mode-locked Er-fiber laser are revealed.This simple and practical OAM-resolved method represents a promising way to directly visualize the complex phase dynamics in a diversity of multisoliton structures.