Interfacial Challenges and Strategies toward Practical Sulfide-Based Solid-State Lithium Batteries

All-solid-state lithium batteries are considered as the priority candidates for next-generation energy storage devices due to their better safety and higher energy density.As the key part of solid-state batteries,solid-state electrolytes have made certain research progress in recent years.Among the various types of solid-state electrolytes,sulfide electrolytes have received extensive attention because of their high roomtemperature ionic conductivity and good moldability.However,sulfide-based solid-state batteries are still in the research stage.This situation is mainly due to the fact that the application of sulfide electrolytes still faces challenges in particular of interfacial issues,mainly including chemical and electrochemical instability,unstable interfacial reaction,and solid-solid physical contact between electrolyte and electrode.Here,this review provides a comprehensive summary of the existing interfacial issues in the fabrication of sulfide-based solid-state batteries.The in-depth mechanism of the interfacial issues and the current research progress of the main coping strategies are discussed in detail.Finally,we also present an outlook on the future development of sulfide-based solid-state batteries to guide the rational design of nextgeneration high-energy solid-state batteries.

中国鸟类的生活史和生态学特征数据集

中国现有1,445种鸟类,是世界上鸟类物种数最多的国家之一。物种特征反映了生物有机体的功能和适合度,在生态学、进化生物学和保护生物学研究中具有重要作用。但是,目前还没有关于我国鸟类生活史、生态学和地理分布等物种特征的完整数据库。通过系统查阅文献和各种数据资料,本文共收集整理出了中国1,445种鸟类17个功能特征数据:体重、体长、嘴峰长、翅长、尾长、跗蹠长、食性、窝卵数、卵大小、卵体积、巢址、巢的类型、集群状况、迁徙状况、是否特有种、地理分布范围和分布省份等。在这些特征中,除迁徙状况、是否特有种、地理分布范围和分布省份外,其余特征数据均存在不同程度的缺失,数据的完整度为60.83%‒100%。本数据库是目前关于中国鸟类最新和最全的物种特征数据库,期望能为我国鸟类生态学、进化生物学、生物地理学、保护生物学等研究提供支持。

中国蜥蜴类生活史和生态学特征数据集

截至2020年底,中国共有226种蜥蜴类(不包括外来入侵种),是世界上蜥蜴类多样性最丰富的国家之一。系统整理中国现有蜥蜴类的特征数据在物种起源与进化、形成与灭绝、保护生物学等研究中具有重要意义。但是,目前还没有关于我国蜥蜴类生活史、生态学和地理分布等物种特征的完整数据库。本文通过系统查阅文献和数据资料,共收集整理了中国现有226种本土蜥蜴类19个特征数据:描述年份、中国受威胁等级、全球受威胁等级、是否中国特有种、是否岛屿特有种、平均体长、平均体重、食性、窝卵数、繁殖模式、四肢发育、活动时间、栖息生境、栖息地类型、栖息地宽度、海拔分布范围、地理分布范围、动物地理界和分布省份。在上述特征中,除了四肢发育、描述年份、是否中国特有种、是否岛屿特有种和分布省份外,其余特征数据均存在不同程度的缺失,数据完整度为47.14%–100%。本数据集是目前关于中国蜥蜴类最新和最全的物种特征数据库,可为我国蜥蜴类生态学、进化生物学、生物地理学和保护生物学等研究领域提供数据支持。

Biological and extrinsic correlates of extinction risk in Chinese lizards

China is a country with one of the most species-rich reptile faunas in the world.However,nearly a quarter of Chinese lizard species assessed by the China Biodiversity Red List are threatened.Nevertheless,to date,no study has explicitly examined the pattern and processes of extinction and threat in Chinese lizards.In this study,we conducted the first comparative phylogenetic analysis of extinction risk in Chinese lizards.We addressed the following 3 questions:(1)What is the pattern of extinction and threat in Chinese lizards?(2)Which species traits and extrinsic factors are related to their extinction risk?(3)How can we protect Chinese lizards based on our results?We collected data on 10 species traits(body size[BS],clutch size,geographic range size,activity time,reproductive mode,habitat specialization[HS],habitat use,leg development,maximum elevation,and elevation range)and 7 extrinsic factors(mean annual precipitation(MAP),mean annual temperature,mean annual solar insolation,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),human footprint,human population density,and human exploitation).After phylogenetic correction,these variables were used separately and in combination to assess their associations with extinction risk.We found that Chinese lizards with a small geographic range,large BS,high HS,and living in high MAP areas were vulnerable to extinction.Conservation priority should thus be given to species with the above extinction-prone traits so as to effectively protect Chinese lizards.Preventing future habitat destruction should also be a primary focus of management efforts because species with small range size and high HS are particularly vulnerable to habitat loss.