Fabrication of adsorbents with enhanced CuⅠ stability: Creating a superhydrophobic microenvironment through grafting octadecylamine

In atmospheric conditions, CuⅠis easily oxidized to CuⅡdue to the coexistence of moisture and oxygen.The poor oxidation inhibition of CuⅠrestricts the practical application of CuⅠ-containing materials.Herein we introduce an approach to construct a superhydrophobic microenvironment in CuⅠfunctionalized metal–organic frameworks by coordinatedly grafting organic amine compounds onto open metal sites(OMSs), which can hinder the accessibility of moisture to pores thereby enhancing the stability of CuⅠ. As a proof of concept, MIL-101(Cr) with abundant OMSs and octadecylamine(OA)with long hydrophobic alkyl groups are used as carrier and surface coating. As superhydrophobic porous materials, the resultant CuⅠM-OA exhibits improved CuⅠstability in addition to retaining high crystallinity and intact porosity while almost all CuⅠis oxidized in hydrophilic CuⅠM upon exposure in a humid atmosphere for 30 h. CuⅠM-OA owns excellent adsorption desulfurization performance(ADS) with regard to thiophene, benzothiophene, and 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene. Even from hydrated fuel, the adsorption performance of CuⅠM-OA maintains well while the adsorption capacity of CuⅠM decreases to 7% after4 cycles. The remarkable moisture resistance, CuⅠstability, and high porosity make the current adsorbent CuⅠM-OA highly promising for the practical ADS process.

基于生物信息学分析探索PCDHGB4在肺鳞癌发生中的作用

背景与目的 肺鳞状细胞癌(lung squamous cell carcinoma,LUSC)是非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的亚型之一。有报道原钙黏蛋白γ家族的成员能通过抑制Wnt信号通路来调节肿瘤细胞的生长,原钙黏蛋白γ B4 (protocadherin-gamma subfamily B4,PCDHGB4)作为家族成员在LUSC中的研究少有报道,本研究旨在通过生物信息学方法探究PCDHGB4在LUSC发生发展中的作用及潜在的预后价值。方法应用癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)、cBioPortal和UALCAN等数据库,对PCDHGB4在LUSC中的表达与预后、临床病理特征、免疫细胞浸润、免疫调节基因、免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICIs)和甲基转移酶等进行分析。单细胞水平的研究对细胞亚型的聚类结果和PCDHGB4在不同免疫细胞亚群中的表达情况进行了分析。此外,我们还比较了LUSC组织与正常组织中PCDHGB4的启动子甲基化水平,并对其进行了蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和突变分析。最后基于差异表达基因进行富集分析。结果生信分析结果显示PCDHGB4在LUSC组织的表达水平低于正常组织。生存分析显示,PCDHGB4表达增加与患者较差的预后有关。单细胞分析显示,PCDHGB4主要在T细胞、单核细胞或巨噬细胞以及树突状细胞中表达,进一步发现PCDHGB4在肿瘤免疫中发挥着不可忽视的作用,并证实了PCDHGB4与免疫检查点途径基因、免疫调节基因和甲基转移酶有一定的相关性。此外,通过富集分析发现PCDHGB4参与了癌症相关的多条通路。结论PCDHGB4在LUSC中低表达,PCDHGB4与患者预后不良有关,并且PCDHGB4与肿瘤免疫细胞浸润和通路密切相关。PCDHGB4可能是LUSC潜在的预后标志物和免疫治疗新靶点。

Two New Integrable Hierarchies and Their Nonlinear Integrable Couplings

By introducing an invertible linear transform, a new Lie algebra G is obtained from the Lie algebra H. Making use of the compatibility conditions of the respective isospectral problems, a generalized NLS-MKdV hierarchy and a new integrable soliton hierarchy are achieved by using the trace identity or the variational identity. Then, two special non-semisimple Lie algebras ?and ?are explicitly conducted. As an application, the nonlinear continuous integrable couplings of the obtained integrable systems as well as their bi-Hamiltonian structures are established, respectively.

基于生物信息学探索DKK1在肺腺癌发生中的作用

背景与目的肺癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤,肺腺癌(lung adenocarcinoma,LUAD)是肺癌的主要类型,严重威胁着人民的生命健康,目前关于血清分泌型蛋白1(Dikkopf 1,DKK1)在LUAD中的作用研究较少,本研究旨在通过生物信息学方法探究DKK1在LUAD发生发展中的作用及潜在的预后价值。方法应用基因型组织表达(genotype-tissue expression,GTEx)、癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库和肿瘤与免疫系统交互网站(tumor-immune system interactions database,TISIDB)等多个数据库,对DKK1在LUAD中的表达、临床病理特征、免疫细胞浸润、预后和甲基化等进行分析,同时应用LinkedOmics数据库分析DKK1的共表达基因及其功能富集。收集2016年至2017年于新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院行手术治疗的59例石蜡包埋的LUAD患者病理样本,通过免疫组织化学试验(immunohistochemistry,IHC)进行表达预后验证。结果生信分析结果显示DKK1在LUAD组织的表达水平高于正常组织,晚期癌症中的表达高于早期阶段,实验验证后发现59例LUAD中阴性表达15例(25.4%),弱阳性表达18例(30.5%),强阳性表达26例(44.1%)。DKK1的不同表达情况与甲基化、预后以及多种免疫细胞的活动相关。功能富集显示DKK1可能参与表皮发育、细胞-基质连接等过程,京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)分析表明DKK1与ABC转运蛋白相关。生物信息学分析及临床病例标本显示DKK1高表达与LUAD患者较差的预后有关。结论DKK1在LUAD中高表达,与患者预后不良有关,并且DKK1与肿瘤免疫细胞浸润和通路密切相关。DKK1可能是LUAD潜在的预后标志物和免疫治疗新靶点。

Progress in blood biomarkers of subjective cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease that gradually impairs cognitive functions.Recently,there has been a conceptual shift toward AD to view the disease as a continuum.Since AD is currently incurable,effective intervention to delay or prevent pathological cognitive decline may best target the early stages of symptomatic disease,such as subjective cognitive decline(SCD),in which cognitive function remains relatively intact.Diagnostic methods for identifying AD,such as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and positron emission tomography,are invasive and expensive.Therefore,it is imperative to develop blood biomarkers that are sensitive,less invasive,easier to access,and more cost effective for AD diagnosis.This review aimed to summarize the current data on whether individuals with SCD differ reliably and effectively in subjective and objective performances compared to cognitively normal elderly individuals,and to find one or more convenient and accessible blood biomarkers so that researchers can identify SCD patients with preclinical AD in the population as soon as possible.Owing to the heterogeneity and complicated pathogenesis of AD,it is difficult to make reliable diagnoses using only a single blood marker.This review provides an overview of the progress achieved to date with the use of SCD blood biomarkers in patients with preclinical AD,highlighting the key areas of application and current challenges.

大口径望远镜主镜位置控制系统设计

为了满足4 m大口径望远镜镜面成像对主镜位置的高精度需求,介绍了采用电机驱动浮动液压支撑方式的主镜位置控制系统设计方法。介绍了主镜位置控制系统的构成并建立了各结构的数学模型;基于线性扩张观测器和一阶动态滑模控制方法,设计了主镜位置控制器;对该控制系统进行了仿真验证。结果显示:在俯仰轴以1(°)·s-1的速度匀速运动的情况下,每个支撑区域的跟踪误差最大值小于0.5μm;在俯仰轴正弦引导情况下,跟踪误差最大值为1μm,明显优于传统的比例积分控制的13μm跟踪误差,满足4 m望远镜主镜位置控制系统的设计要求。该研究为大口径望远镜主镜位置控制系统设计提供了一定的参考。