Background: To compare the neuropsychological consequences after carotid artery stenting (CAS) and extracranial-intracranial by-pass (EC-IC by-pass). Methods: A total of 43 patients referred to CAS, 32 patients referr...Background: To compare the neuropsychological consequences after carotid artery stenting (CAS) and extracranial-intracranial by-pass (EC-IC by-pass). Methods: A total of 43 patients referred to CAS, 32 patients referred to EC-IC by-pass and 43 control subjects were enrolled in the study. Neuropsychologic testing was performed before and three months after procedure. A paired Student t test was used to compare neuropsychologic test scores at baseline and three months after procedure in each group. Cognitive changes in a three-month follow-up were not normally distributed and compared among/between groups with Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Three months after the treatment both the CAS and EC-IC by-pass groups showed improved cognitive performance compared to baseline, whereas the same improvement wasn’t seen in the control group. The scores from Activities of Daily Living also improved in all three groups in a three-month follow-up, and EC-IC group presented a more distinct increase in daily life abilities comparing to the other two groups. Conclusions: CAS and EC-IC by-pass in patients with a carotid or intracranial stenosis may result in cognitive improvement three months after surgery.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is associated with the impairment of white matter(WM)tracts.The current study aimed to verify the utility of WM as the neuroimaging marker of AD with multisite diffusion tensor imaging datasets...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is associated with the impairment of white matter(WM)tracts.The current study aimed to verify the utility of WM as the neuroimaging marker of AD with multisite diffusion tensor imaging datasets[321 patients with AD,265 patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),279 normal controls(NC)],a unified pipeline,and independent site cross-validation.Automated fiber quantification was used to extract diffusion profiles along tracts.Random-effects meta-analyses showed a reproducible degeneration pattern in which fractional anisotropy significantly decreased in the AD and MCI groups compared with NC.Machine learning models using tract-based features showed good generalizability among independent site cross-validation.The diffusion metrics of the altered regions and the AD probability predicted by the models were highly correlated with cognitive ability in the AD and MCI groups.We highlighted the reproducibility and generalizability of the degeneration pattern of WM tracts in AD.展开更多
The cognitive disease consensus was prepared by panels of health and public representatives based on actual clinical practice in Geriatric Departments in Chinese hospitals and a systematic literature review. This cons...The cognitive disease consensus was prepared by panels of health and public representatives based on actual clinical practice in Geriatric Departments in Chinese hospitals and a systematic literature review. This consensus reflects the medical knowledge accumulated by those experts and provides information about professional medical care and advice.A multidisciplinary panel of specialists(neurologists,psychiatrists, and nursing specialists) reports an expert consensus on the medical knowledge accumulated from those experts and provides information about professional medical care and advice. The recommendations focus on the care and management of older adults with mild cognitive impairment,the objectives and methods of maintaining cognition and training, the assessments and measures of daily care for patients at different stages of dementia, the assessments and coping strategies for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, principles and suggestions for an appropriate living environment, arrangements for recreational activities, the care and management of patients with endstage dementia, and suggestions for addressing stress in caregivers.展开更多
Several monocentric studies have noted alterations in spontaneous brain activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although there is no consensus on the altered amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in AD patients. T...Several monocentric studies have noted alterations in spontaneous brain activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although there is no consensus on the altered amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in AD patients. The main aim of the present study was to identify a reliable and reproducible abnormal brain activity pattern in AD. The amplitude of local brain activity (AM), which can provide fast mapping of spontaneous brain activity across the whole brain, was evaluated based on multisite rs-fMRI data for 688 subjects (215 normal controls (NCs), 221 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) 252 AD). Two-sample t-tests were used to detect group differences between AD patients and NCs from the same site. Differences in the AM maps were statistically analyzed via the Stouffer's meta-analysis. Consistent regions of lower spontaneous brain activity in the default mode network and increased activity in the bilateral hippocampus/parahippocampus, thalamus, caudate nucleus, orbital part of the middle frontal gyrus and left fusiform were observed in the AD patients compared with those in NCs. Significant correlations (P?<?0.05, Bonferroni corrected) between the normalized amplitude index and Mini-Mental State Examination scores were found in the identified brain regions, which indicates that the altered brain activity was associated with cognitive decline in the patients. Multivariate analysis and leave-one-site-out cross-validation led to a 78.49% prediction accuracy for single-patient classification. The altered activity patterns of the identified brain regions were largely correlated with the FDG-PET results from another independent study. These results emphasized the impaired brain activity to provide a robust and reproducible imaging signature of AD.展开更多
Background:Burn shock caused by vascular leakage is one of the main causes of high mortality in severe burn injury.However,the pathophysiological mechanism of vascular leakage is still unclear.The purpose of this stud...Background:Burn shock caused by vascular leakage is one of the main causes of high mortality in severe burn injury.However,the pathophysiological mechanism of vascular leakage is still unclear.The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of vascular leakage in the early stage of severe burn and provide a new target for the treatment of severe burns.Methods:Neutrophils were isolated from human peripheral blood by magnetic beads sorting.ELISA was used to detect neutrophil-derived granule proteins and glycocalyx injury products in plasma.The vascular leakage and neutrophil movement were assessed by in vivo laser confocal imaging in mice,and high-quality video were provided.Adhesion-related molecules were investigated by qRT-PCR.The damage to glycocalyx of mice vascular endothelial cellswas observed by transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope.Proteomic analysis,flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to further study the relationship between human peripheral blood neutrophil-derived hypochlorite(HOCl)and CD44 of human vascular endothelial cells.Results:In this study,we found that rapidly increasing activated neutrophils secrete heparin binding protein(HBP)andmyeloperoxidase(MPO)after severe burn injury.Increased HBP triggers vascular leakage with synergy of MPO,results in systemic edema and burn shock.Furthermore,we found that the MPO catalytic product HOCl but not MPO triggers CD44 extracellular domain shedding from vascular endothelial cells to damage the glycocalyx.Damage to the glycocalyx results in firm adhesion of neutrophils and increases vascular leakage.However,MPO inhibitors partially protect the glycocalyx of vascular endothelial cells.The combination of HBP and MPO inhibitors markedly reduces vascular leakage and systemic edema in the early stage of severe burns.Conclusions:Taken together,these data reveal that neutrophil-derived HBP and MPO play an important synergies role in triggering vascular leakage at the early stage of severe burns.Targeted intervention in these two biomolecules may introduce new strategies for helping to reduce large amount of fluid loss and subsequent burn shock.展开更多
文摘Background: To compare the neuropsychological consequences after carotid artery stenting (CAS) and extracranial-intracranial by-pass (EC-IC by-pass). Methods: A total of 43 patients referred to CAS, 32 patients referred to EC-IC by-pass and 43 control subjects were enrolled in the study. Neuropsychologic testing was performed before and three months after procedure. A paired Student t test was used to compare neuropsychologic test scores at baseline and three months after procedure in each group. Cognitive changes in a three-month follow-up were not normally distributed and compared among/between groups with Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Three months after the treatment both the CAS and EC-IC by-pass groups showed improved cognitive performance compared to baseline, whereas the same improvement wasn’t seen in the control group. The scores from Activities of Daily Living also improved in all three groups in a three-month follow-up, and EC-IC group presented a more distinct increase in daily life abilities comparing to the other two groups. Conclusions: CAS and EC-IC by-pass in patients with a carotid or intracranial stenosis may result in cognitive improvement three months after surgery.
基金This work was partially supported by the Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Projects(2022ZD0211600)the Beijing Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(JQ20036),the Beijing Nova Program(20220484177)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021XD-A03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172018 and 81871438)In addition,data collection and sharing for this project were funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61633018,81571062,81400890,81471120,and 81701781).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is associated with the impairment of white matter(WM)tracts.The current study aimed to verify the utility of WM as the neuroimaging marker of AD with multisite diffusion tensor imaging datasets[321 patients with AD,265 patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),279 normal controls(NC)],a unified pipeline,and independent site cross-validation.Automated fiber quantification was used to extract diffusion profiles along tracts.Random-effects meta-analyses showed a reproducible degeneration pattern in which fractional anisotropy significantly decreased in the AD and MCI groups compared with NC.Machine learning models using tract-based features showed good generalizability among independent site cross-validation.The diffusion metrics of the altered regions and the AD probability predicted by the models were highly correlated with cognitive ability in the AD and MCI groups.We highlighted the reproducibility and generalizability of the degeneration pattern of WM tracts in AD.
基金partially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1305904)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81871438, 81901101, 61633018, 81571062, 81400890, 81871398)+10 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB32020200)the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z171100000117001, Z171100000117002)the Primary Research & Development Plan of Shandong Province (2017GGX10112)the Open Project Program of the National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition (NLPR) (201900021)Data collection and sharing for this project was funded by the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904)DOD ADNI (Department of Defense award number W81XWH-12-2-0012)funded by the National Institute on Agingthe National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineeringgenerous contributions from Abb Vie, Alzheimer’s AssociationAlzheimer’s Drug Discovery FoundationThe Canadian Institutes of Health Research provide funds to support ADNI clinical sites in Canada。
文摘The cognitive disease consensus was prepared by panels of health and public representatives based on actual clinical practice in Geriatric Departments in Chinese hospitals and a systematic literature review. This consensus reflects the medical knowledge accumulated by those experts and provides information about professional medical care and advice.A multidisciplinary panel of specialists(neurologists,psychiatrists, and nursing specialists) reports an expert consensus on the medical knowledge accumulated from those experts and provides information about professional medical care and advice. The recommendations focus on the care and management of older adults with mild cognitive impairment,the objectives and methods of maintaining cognition and training, the assessments and measures of daily care for patients at different stages of dementia, the assessments and coping strategies for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, principles and suggestions for an appropriate living environment, arrangements for recreational activities, the care and management of patients with endstage dementia, and suggestions for addressing stress in caregivers.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1305904, 2016YFC1306300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81871438, 61633018, 81571062, 81471120, 61431012, 81430037)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB32020200)the Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning (PXM2019_026283_000002)
文摘Several monocentric studies have noted alterations in spontaneous brain activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although there is no consensus on the altered amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in AD patients. The main aim of the present study was to identify a reliable and reproducible abnormal brain activity pattern in AD. The amplitude of local brain activity (AM), which can provide fast mapping of spontaneous brain activity across the whole brain, was evaluated based on multisite rs-fMRI data for 688 subjects (215 normal controls (NCs), 221 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) 252 AD). Two-sample t-tests were used to detect group differences between AD patients and NCs from the same site. Differences in the AM maps were statistically analyzed via the Stouffer's meta-analysis. Consistent regions of lower spontaneous brain activity in the default mode network and increased activity in the bilateral hippocampus/parahippocampus, thalamus, caudate nucleus, orbital part of the middle frontal gyrus and left fusiform were observed in the AD patients compared with those in NCs. Significant correlations (P?<?0.05, Bonferroni corrected) between the normalized amplitude index and Mini-Mental State Examination scores were found in the identified brain regions, which indicates that the altered brain activity was associated with cognitive decline in the patients. Multivariate analysis and leave-one-site-out cross-validation led to a 78.49% prediction accuracy for single-patient classification. The altered activity patterns of the identified brain regions were largely correlated with the FDG-PET results from another independent study. These results emphasized the impaired brain activity to provide a robust and reproducible imaging signature of AD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China,No.82072217,81772135the Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation,No.BK20201178。
文摘Background:Burn shock caused by vascular leakage is one of the main causes of high mortality in severe burn injury.However,the pathophysiological mechanism of vascular leakage is still unclear.The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of vascular leakage in the early stage of severe burn and provide a new target for the treatment of severe burns.Methods:Neutrophils were isolated from human peripheral blood by magnetic beads sorting.ELISA was used to detect neutrophil-derived granule proteins and glycocalyx injury products in plasma.The vascular leakage and neutrophil movement were assessed by in vivo laser confocal imaging in mice,and high-quality video were provided.Adhesion-related molecules were investigated by qRT-PCR.The damage to glycocalyx of mice vascular endothelial cellswas observed by transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope.Proteomic analysis,flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to further study the relationship between human peripheral blood neutrophil-derived hypochlorite(HOCl)and CD44 of human vascular endothelial cells.Results:In this study,we found that rapidly increasing activated neutrophils secrete heparin binding protein(HBP)andmyeloperoxidase(MPO)after severe burn injury.Increased HBP triggers vascular leakage with synergy of MPO,results in systemic edema and burn shock.Furthermore,we found that the MPO catalytic product HOCl but not MPO triggers CD44 extracellular domain shedding from vascular endothelial cells to damage the glycocalyx.Damage to the glycocalyx results in firm adhesion of neutrophils and increases vascular leakage.However,MPO inhibitors partially protect the glycocalyx of vascular endothelial cells.The combination of HBP and MPO inhibitors markedly reduces vascular leakage and systemic edema in the early stage of severe burns.Conclusions:Taken together,these data reveal that neutrophil-derived HBP and MPO play an important synergies role in triggering vascular leakage at the early stage of severe burns.Targeted intervention in these two biomolecules may introduce new strategies for helping to reduce large amount of fluid loss and subsequent burn shock.