BACKGROUND After an esophagectomy, the stomach is most commonly used to restore continuity of the upper gastrointestinal tract. These esophago-gastric anastomoses are prone to serious complications such as leakage ass...BACKGROUND After an esophagectomy, the stomach is most commonly used to restore continuity of the upper gastrointestinal tract. These esophago-gastric anastomoses are prone to serious complications such as leakage associated with high morbidity and mortality. Graft perfusion is considered to be an important predictor for anastomotic integrity. Based on the current literature we believe Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography(ICGA) is an easy assessment tool for gastric tube(GT) perfusion, and it might predict anastomotic leakage(AL).AIM To evaluate feasibility and effectiveness of ICGA in GT perfusion assessment and as a predictor of AL.METHODS This study was designed according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO database. PubMed and EMBASE were independently searched by 2 reviewers for studies presenting data on intraoperative ICGA GT perfusion assessment during esophago-gastric reconstruction after esophagectomy.Relevant outcomes such as feasibility, complications, intraoperative surgical changes based on ICGA findings, quantification attempts, anatomical data and the impact of ICGA on postoperative anastomotic complications, were collected by 2 independent researchers. The quality of the included articles was assessed based on the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. The 19 included studies presented data on 1192 esophagectomy patients, in 758 patients ICGA was used perioperative to guide esophageal reconstruction.RESULTS The 19 included studies for qualitative analyses all described ICGA as a safe and easy method to evaluate gastric graft perfusion. AL occurred in 13.8% of the entire cohort, 10% in the ICG guided group and 20.6% in the control group(P <0.001). When poorly perfused cases are excluded from the analyses, the difference in AL was even larger(AL well-perfused group 6.3% vs control group 20.5%, P <0.001). The AL rate in the group with an altered surgical plan based on the ICG image was 6.5%, similar to the well perfused group(6.3%) and significantly less than the poorly perfused group(47.8%)(P < 0.001), suggesting that the technique is able to identify and alter a potential bad outcome.CONCLUSION ICGA is a safe, feasible and promising method for perfusion assessment. The lower AL rate in the well perfused group suggest that a good fluorescent signal predicts a good outcome.展开更多
Men with obesity often present with low testosterone(T)and sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)levels.Several mechanisms for this have been proposed,but as SHBG is secreted by hepatocytes and sex steroids undergo hepati...Men with obesity often present with low testosterone(T)and sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)levels.Several mechanisms for this have been proposed,but as SHBG is secreted by hepatocytes and sex steroids undergo hepatic metabolization,this study investigates whether severity and histological components of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)are associated with sex steroid levels in obese men.This cross-sectional study included 80 obese men(age:46±11 years;body mass index:42.2±5.5 kg m^-2).Serum levels of total T and estradiol(E.)were measured using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectroscopy(LC/MS-MS)and SHBG and gonadotropins by immunoassay.Liver biopsies were evaluated using Steatosis.Activity,and Fibrosis scoring.Participants with steatohepatitis had similar median(1st quartile-3rd quartile)total T levels(7.6[5.0-11.0]nmol l^-1 vs 8.2[7.2-10.9]nmol l^-1;P=0.147),lower calculated free T(cFT)levels(148.9[122.9-188.8]pmol 1-1 s 199.5[157.3-237.6] pmol l^-1;P=0.006),and higher free E.T ratios(10.0[6.4-13.9]×10^-3 vs 7.1[5.7-10.7]×10^-3;P=0.026)compared to men with only nonalcoholic fatty liver.Among the histological components of NAFLD.only steatosis was independently associated with total T(r=-0.331.P=0.003)and cFT levels(r=-0.255.P=0.025).Obese men with.steatohepatitis have even lower cFT levels compared to those without,an association mainly driven by grade of steatosis.Whether this reflects a subgroup of men with a more severe obesity-related phenotype or results from direct relations between hepatic steatosis and sex steroid metabolism needs further investigation.展开更多
基金"Kom op tegen Kanker"(Stand up to Cancer),the Flemish cancer society
文摘BACKGROUND After an esophagectomy, the stomach is most commonly used to restore continuity of the upper gastrointestinal tract. These esophago-gastric anastomoses are prone to serious complications such as leakage associated with high morbidity and mortality. Graft perfusion is considered to be an important predictor for anastomotic integrity. Based on the current literature we believe Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography(ICGA) is an easy assessment tool for gastric tube(GT) perfusion, and it might predict anastomotic leakage(AL).AIM To evaluate feasibility and effectiveness of ICGA in GT perfusion assessment and as a predictor of AL.METHODS This study was designed according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO database. PubMed and EMBASE were independently searched by 2 reviewers for studies presenting data on intraoperative ICGA GT perfusion assessment during esophago-gastric reconstruction after esophagectomy.Relevant outcomes such as feasibility, complications, intraoperative surgical changes based on ICGA findings, quantification attempts, anatomical data and the impact of ICGA on postoperative anastomotic complications, were collected by 2 independent researchers. The quality of the included articles was assessed based on the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. The 19 included studies presented data on 1192 esophagectomy patients, in 758 patients ICGA was used perioperative to guide esophageal reconstruction.RESULTS The 19 included studies for qualitative analyses all described ICGA as a safe and easy method to evaluate gastric graft perfusion. AL occurred in 13.8% of the entire cohort, 10% in the ICG guided group and 20.6% in the control group(P <0.001). When poorly perfused cases are excluded from the analyses, the difference in AL was even larger(AL well-perfused group 6.3% vs control group 20.5%, P <0.001). The AL rate in the group with an altered surgical plan based on the ICG image was 6.5%, similar to the well perfused group(6.3%) and significantly less than the poorly perfused group(47.8%)(P < 0.001), suggesting that the technique is able to identify and alter a potential bad outcome.CONCLUSION ICGA is a safe, feasible and promising method for perfusion assessment. The lower AL rate in the well perfused group suggest that a good fluorescent signal predicts a good outcome.
基金The SMELSS and SIBLOS were supported by a grant from the Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders(FWO-Vlaanderen,Grant No.1517316N and Grant No.G.0867.11,respectively).
文摘Men with obesity often present with low testosterone(T)and sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)levels.Several mechanisms for this have been proposed,but as SHBG is secreted by hepatocytes and sex steroids undergo hepatic metabolization,this study investigates whether severity and histological components of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)are associated with sex steroid levels in obese men.This cross-sectional study included 80 obese men(age:46±11 years;body mass index:42.2±5.5 kg m^-2).Serum levels of total T and estradiol(E.)were measured using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectroscopy(LC/MS-MS)and SHBG and gonadotropins by immunoassay.Liver biopsies were evaluated using Steatosis.Activity,and Fibrosis scoring.Participants with steatohepatitis had similar median(1st quartile-3rd quartile)total T levels(7.6[5.0-11.0]nmol l^-1 vs 8.2[7.2-10.9]nmol l^-1;P=0.147),lower calculated free T(cFT)levels(148.9[122.9-188.8]pmol 1-1 s 199.5[157.3-237.6] pmol l^-1;P=0.006),and higher free E.T ratios(10.0[6.4-13.9]×10^-3 vs 7.1[5.7-10.7]×10^-3;P=0.026)compared to men with only nonalcoholic fatty liver.Among the histological components of NAFLD.only steatosis was independently associated with total T(r=-0.331.P=0.003)and cFT levels(r=-0.255.P=0.025).Obese men with.steatohepatitis have even lower cFT levels compared to those without,an association mainly driven by grade of steatosis.Whether this reflects a subgroup of men with a more severe obesity-related phenotype or results from direct relations between hepatic steatosis and sex steroid metabolism needs further investigation.
