目的比较单侧与双侧经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗老年骨质疏松压缩性骨折的疗效及安全性。方法选择2017年1月至2018年1月北京老年医院收治的86例(123个椎体)骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者,按照手术方式将患者分...目的比较单侧与双侧经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗老年骨质疏松压缩性骨折的疗效及安全性。方法选择2017年1月至2018年1月北京老年医院收治的86例(123个椎体)骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者,按照手术方式将患者分为Ⅰ组43例(61个椎体)和Ⅱ组43例(62个椎体),Ⅰ组给予单侧PKP治疗,Ⅱ组给予双侧PKP治疗,比较两组手术时间、X线暴露时间、骨水泥用量,记录近期及远期并发症发生情况,包括骨水泥渗漏、肺栓塞、邻近椎体再骨折情况,术前、术后、术后6个月采用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue score,VAS)进行疼痛评估,在侧位X线平片上测量椎体Cobb角度、椎体前缘高度,采用日常生活能力量表(activity of daily living scale,ADL)评估术前、术后6个月的生活能力。结果Ⅰ组手术时间、X线暴露时间均明显短于Ⅱ组(t=8.615、6.885,P<0.01),骨水泥用量明显少于Ⅱ组(t=5.047,P<0.01)。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组术后、术后6个月VAS评分、Cobb角均明显低于术前(F=7.163和6.845、9.112和10.067,P<0.01),椎体前缘高度明显高于术前(F=7.061和6.941,P<0.01),组间术前及术后VAS评分、Cobb角、椎体前缘高度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组术后6个月生活质量评分较术前明显升高(t=13.437、14.025,P<0.01),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组椎旁渗漏分别为6.56%(4/61)和22.58%(14/62),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肺栓塞、邻近椎体再骨折的发生率分别为2.33%(1/43)和0%(0/43)、4.65%(2/43)和2.33%(1/43),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论单侧与双侧经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松压缩性骨折的手术效果相当,可明显缓解患者疼痛,改善生活质量。单侧PKP具有手术时间短、X线暴露时间短、骨水泥用量少、骨水泥渗漏发生率低的优点,值得优选使用。展开更多
Type Ib diamonds were grown by the temperature gradient method (TGM) at 5.5 GPa and 1500-1560 K in a china-type cubic anvil high pressure apparatus using Ni70Mn25Co5 alloy as solvent/catalyst. The concentration of nit...Type Ib diamonds were grown by the temperature gradient method (TGM) at 5.5 GPa and 1500-1560 K in a china-type cubic anvil high pressure apparatus using Ni70Mn25Co5 alloy as solvent/catalyst. The concentration of nitrogen (CN) in type Ib diamonds synthesized at different synthesis temperatures was measured by a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The dependence of CN in diamond on synthesis temperature was studied. For the type Ib diamonds synthesized using Ni70Mn25Co5 as catalyst, its CN decreases along with the increase of synthesis temperature.展开更多
The growth of coarse grains of diamond was observed with graphite as carbon source and Fe80Ni20 alloy powder as catalyst at HPHT in a China-type SPD 6×1670T cubic high-pressure apparatus with highly exact control...The growth of coarse grains of diamond was observed with graphite as carbon source and Fe80Ni20 alloy powder as catalyst at HPHT in a China-type SPD 6×1670T cubic high-pressure apparatus with highly exact control system. To synthesize coarse grains of diamond crystal with high quality,ad-vanced indirect heat assembly,powder catalyst technology and catalyst with optimal granularity were used. Especially the nucleation of diamond and the growth rate were strictly controlled by the opti-mized synthesis craft. At last,diamond crystals (about 0.85 mm) in the perfect hex-octahedron shape were successfully synthesized at ～5.4 GPa and ～1360℃ in 60 min. The characteristic of crystal growth with powder catalyst technology under HPHT was discussed. The results and techniques might be useful for production of coarse grains of diamond.展开更多
High quality cubic diamond crystals were grown using the temperature gradient method at high pressure and high temperature(HPHT),in a new FeNi alloy as solvent.The crystals were grown at relatively low temperatures su...High quality cubic diamond crystals were grown using the temperature gradient method at high pressure and high temperature(HPHT),in a new FeNi alloy as solvent.The crystals were grown at relatively low temperatures suitable for the growth of {100} faces.An increase in the radial growth rate,and inhibition of the axial growth caused the growth of large,high quality cubic diamond single crystals at high growth rates.For example,over 33 h,the radial growth rate was 0.22 mm/h,while the axial growth rate was only 0.08 mm/h;the growth rate by weight was also increased to 7.3 mg/h.The yellow color of our crystal samples was more uniform than samples from Sumitomo Corporation of Japan and Element Six Corp.The Raman FWHW of the 1332 cm 1 peak in our diamond sample was smaller than the Element Six Corp.sample,but larger than that of the Sumitomo Corp.sample.The nitrogen content of our diamond samples was 240 ppm,which was much higher than the Sumitomo and Element Six samples because of the higher growth rate of our diamond samples.展开更多
文摘目的比较单侧与双侧经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗老年骨质疏松压缩性骨折的疗效及安全性。方法选择2017年1月至2018年1月北京老年医院收治的86例(123个椎体)骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者,按照手术方式将患者分为Ⅰ组43例(61个椎体)和Ⅱ组43例(62个椎体),Ⅰ组给予单侧PKP治疗,Ⅱ组给予双侧PKP治疗,比较两组手术时间、X线暴露时间、骨水泥用量,记录近期及远期并发症发生情况,包括骨水泥渗漏、肺栓塞、邻近椎体再骨折情况,术前、术后、术后6个月采用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue score,VAS)进行疼痛评估,在侧位X线平片上测量椎体Cobb角度、椎体前缘高度,采用日常生活能力量表(activity of daily living scale,ADL)评估术前、术后6个月的生活能力。结果Ⅰ组手术时间、X线暴露时间均明显短于Ⅱ组(t=8.615、6.885,P<0.01),骨水泥用量明显少于Ⅱ组(t=5.047,P<0.01)。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组术后、术后6个月VAS评分、Cobb角均明显低于术前(F=7.163和6.845、9.112和10.067,P<0.01),椎体前缘高度明显高于术前(F=7.061和6.941,P<0.01),组间术前及术后VAS评分、Cobb角、椎体前缘高度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组术后6个月生活质量评分较术前明显升高(t=13.437、14.025,P<0.01),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组椎旁渗漏分别为6.56%(4/61)和22.58%(14/62),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肺栓塞、邻近椎体再骨折的发生率分别为2.33%(1/43)和0%(0/43)、4.65%(2/43)和2.33%(1/43),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论单侧与双侧经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松压缩性骨折的手术效果相当,可明显缓解患者疼痛,改善生活质量。单侧PKP具有手术时间短、X线暴露时间短、骨水泥用量少、骨水泥渗漏发生率低的优点,值得优选使用。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50572032, 50731006)
文摘Type Ib diamonds were grown by the temperature gradient method (TGM) at 5.5 GPa and 1500-1560 K in a china-type cubic anvil high pressure apparatus using Ni70Mn25Co5 alloy as solvent/catalyst. The concentration of nitrogen (CN) in type Ib diamonds synthesized at different synthesis temperatures was measured by a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The dependence of CN in diamond on synthesis temperature was studied. For the type Ib diamonds synthesized using Ni70Mn25Co5 as catalyst, its CN decreases along with the increase of synthesis temperature.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50572032)
文摘The growth of coarse grains of diamond was observed with graphite as carbon source and Fe80Ni20 alloy powder as catalyst at HPHT in a China-type SPD 6×1670T cubic high-pressure apparatus with highly exact control system. To synthesize coarse grains of diamond crystal with high quality,ad-vanced indirect heat assembly,powder catalyst technology and catalyst with optimal granularity were used. Especially the nucleation of diamond and the growth rate were strictly controlled by the opti-mized synthesis craft. At last,diamond crystals (about 0.85 mm) in the perfect hex-octahedron shape were successfully synthesized at ～5.4 GPa and ～1360℃ in 60 min. The characteristic of crystal growth with powder catalyst technology under HPHT was discussed. The results and techniques might be useful for production of coarse grains of diamond.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Henan Province (2009A430014)
文摘High quality cubic diamond crystals were grown using the temperature gradient method at high pressure and high temperature(HPHT),in a new FeNi alloy as solvent.The crystals were grown at relatively low temperatures suitable for the growth of {100} faces.An increase in the radial growth rate,and inhibition of the axial growth caused the growth of large,high quality cubic diamond single crystals at high growth rates.For example,over 33 h,the radial growth rate was 0.22 mm/h,while the axial growth rate was only 0.08 mm/h;the growth rate by weight was also increased to 7.3 mg/h.The yellow color of our crystal samples was more uniform than samples from Sumitomo Corporation of Japan and Element Six Corp.The Raman FWHW of the 1332 cm 1 peak in our diamond sample was smaller than the Element Six Corp.sample,but larger than that of the Sumitomo Corp.sample.The nitrogen content of our diamond samples was 240 ppm,which was much higher than the Sumitomo and Element Six samples because of the higher growth rate of our diamond samples.
