OcBSA:An NGS-based bulk segregant analysis tool for outcross populations

Constructing inbred lines for self-incompatible species and species with long generation times is challenging,making the use of F1 outcross/segregating populations the main strategy for genetic studies of such species.However,there is a lack of dedicated algorithms/tools for rapid quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping using the F1 populations.To this end,we have designed and developed an algorithm/tool called OcBSA specifically for QTL mapping of F1 populations.OcBSA transforms the four-haplotype inheritance problem from the two heterozygous diploid parents of the F1 population into the two-haplotype inheritance problem common in current genetic studies by removing the two haplotypes from the heterozygous parent that do not contribute to phenotype segregation in the F1 population.Testing of OcBSA on 1800 simulated F1 populations demonstrated its advantages over other currently available tools in terms of sensitivity and accuracy.In addition,the broad applicability of OcBSA was validated by QTL mapping using seven reported F1 populations of apple,pear,peach,citrus,grape,tea,and rice.We also used OcBSA to map the QTL for flower color in a newly constructed F1 population of potato generated in this study.The OcBSA mapping result was verified by the insertion or deletion markers to be consistent with a previously reported locus harboring the ANTHOCYANIN 2 gene,which regulates potato flower color.Taken together,these results highlight the power and broad utility of OcBSA for QTL mapping using F1 populations and thus a great potential for functional gene mining in outcrossing species.For ease of use,we have developed both Windows and Linux versions of OcBSA,which are freely available at:https://gitee.com/Bioinformaticslab/OcBSA.

中国淡水蟹分类与分布名录(十足目：拟地蟹科,溪蟹科)

中国是世界上淡水蟹物种多样性最高的国家。然而,迄今为止还没有一个系统的、涵盖全国范围的淡水蟹分类和分布名录。本文收集了涉及中国淡水蟹分类和分布的文献,采用国际上更新的短尾下目淡水蟹类高级阶元分类系统,通过系统梳理,汇编成中国淡水蟹分类与分布名录。该名录共收录了截至2018年1月记述的所有中国淡水蟹类,共计2科45属311种。其中,拟地蟹科(Gecarcinucidae Rathbun,1904)1属28种;溪蟹科(Potamidae Ortmann,1896)44属283种及亚种;中国特有属共计38属,占总数的84%;特有种共计302种,占97%。对各省淡水蟹的分布分析发现,云南是中国淡水蟹物种多样性最丰富的省份,已记述16属50种;其次为台湾(4属41种)。本名录首次全面概括了中国淡水蟹类的分类和分布,可为深入开展全国范围的淡水蟹类生物多样性保护提供科学依据。

Lessons learned from ECMO support in pediatric patients with D-transposition of the great arteries:preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative

Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)support on D-transposition of the great arteries(D-TGA)carries formidable challenges.Methods A retrospective study was performed on pediatric patients with D-TGA supported by ECMO from July 2007 to December 2019.This study summarized the clinical experience of ECMO support in pediatric patients with D-TGA preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative.Results Overall,16 children with D-TGA received ECMO support during this period.Two(2 of 16)were supported before cardiac surgery,3(3 of 16)were supported postoperatively in the intensive care unit,and 11(11 of 16)failed to wean off cardiopulmonary bypass.Two cases of preoperative ECMO support for patients with D-TGA with an intact ventricular septum and restrictive atrial septum due to severe hypoxemia died.In this study,D-TGA with coronary artery malformation and other complicated deformities died(8 of 14),whereas uncomplicated D-TGA without coronary artery malformation all survived(6 of 14).The wean-off rate of ECMO patients supported in D-TGA was 62.5%(10 of 16),while the 30-day survival rate was 44%(7 of 16).Conclusion Although a promising ECMO weaning rate was obtained,30-day survival of this population was frustrating,mainly attributed to the original anatomy of coronary arteries and the concomitant deformities.