商业养老保险低参与是制约经济社会发展的重要问题,文章运用2013年中国综合社会调查(Chinese General Social Survey,CGSS)的微观数据,实证考察了我国居民商业养老保险参与率低的原因。研究发现,供给不足掣肘了居民购买商业养老保险,尤...商业养老保险低参与是制约经济社会发展的重要问题,文章运用2013年中国综合社会调查(Chinese General Social Survey,CGSS)的微观数据,实证考察了我国居民商业养老保险参与率低的原因。研究发现,供给不足掣肘了居民购买商业养老保险,尤其对农村与中西部居民影响深刻。此外,财富积累较少、收入水平较低、金融知识缺乏等也影响着居民商业养老保险购买。为了配合国家重大经济战略顺利实施,维护社会稳定,亟待构建完善的社会保障体系,开展保险业供给侧结构性改革。保险公司一要通过开发多层次的养老保险产品,满足居民多元化的养老需求;二要加大在中西部与农村市场的业务拓展,补足中西部地区金融短板。政府需要从完善收入分配体制、普及金融知识等角度入手,提高居民商业养老保险参与积极性。展开更多
We successfully identified a novel and unique OsbZIP transcription factor,OsbZIP09,whose mutants exhibited longer seeds and less severe pre-harvest sprouting than the wild type,but shared similar germination rate as t...We successfully identified a novel and unique OsbZIP transcription factor,OsbZIP09,whose mutants exhibited longer seeds and less severe pre-harvest sprouting than the wild type,but shared similar germination rate as the wild type under normal germination conditions.The expression of OsbZIP09 was induced by abscisic acid(ABA)and declined as the germination process.As a nucleus-localized transcription factor,the conserved binding motif of OsbZIP09 was identified via DNA affinity purification sequencing technique.Further evidences indicated that OsbZIP09 directly enhanced the expression of ABA catabolism gene ABA8ox1,thus reducing ABA accumulation.In addition,OsbZIP09 also directly bound to the promoter of LEA3 gene to inhibit its expression,thus further alleviating the suppressive effect of ABA on seed germination.These results demonstrated that OsbZIP09 likely functions as a brake of the ABA pathway to attenuate the inhibitory effect of ABA on rice seed germination via dual strategies.展开更多
水稻穗发育是产量形成的基础。从粳稻品种‘武香粳9号’组织培养后代中筛选获得一份幼穗发育异常的突变体pdf1(panicle development failure 1)。突变体pdf1能正常从营养生长向生殖生长转换,穗分化能正常起始,但随后穗轴基部细胞出现程...水稻穗发育是产量形成的基础。从粳稻品种‘武香粳9号’组织培养后代中筛选获得一份幼穗发育异常的突变体pdf1(panicle development failure 1)。突变体pdf1能正常从营养生长向生殖生长转换,穗分化能正常起始,但随后穗轴基部细胞出现程序性死亡,引起穗发育停止。不同生长条件处理试验表明,pdf1突变性状受温度调控。转录组测序显示,差异表达基因主要参与DNA代谢过程、信号转导等生物过程,并定位于质膜和过氧化物酶体,其可能与信号刺激和过氧化物酶体等细胞通路的改变有关。展开更多
Grain shape and size are two key factors that determine rice yield and quality. In the present study, a rice triangular hull mutant (tri1) was obtained from the progeny of japonica rice variety Taipei 309 treated with...Grain shape and size are two key factors that determine rice yield and quality. In the present study, a rice triangular hull mutant (tri1) was obtained from the progeny of japonica rice variety Taipei 309 treated with 60Co γ-rays. Compared to the wild type, the tri1 mutant presents a triangular hull, and exhibits an increase in grain thickness and protein content, but with a slight decrease in plant height and grain weight. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene which is stably inherited. Using a map-based cloning strategy, we fine-mapped tri1 to a 47-kb region between the molecular markers CHR0122 and CHR0127 on the long arm of chromosome 1, and showed that it co-segregates with the molecular marker CHR0119. According to the rice genome sequence annotation there are six predicated genes within the mapped region. Sequencing analysis of the mutant and the wild type indicated that there was a deletion of an A nucleotide in exon 3 of the OsMADS32 gene, which could result in a downstream frameshift mutation and premature termination of the predicted polypeptide. Both semi-quantitative and real-time RT-PCR analyses showed that this gene expressed highly in young inflorescences, while expressed at very low levels in other tissues. These results implied that the OsMADS32 gene could be a candidate of TRI1. Taken together, the results of this study lay the foundation for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms regulating rice caryopsis development.展开更多
文摘商业养老保险低参与是制约经济社会发展的重要问题,文章运用2013年中国综合社会调查(Chinese General Social Survey,CGSS)的微观数据,实证考察了我国居民商业养老保险参与率低的原因。研究发现,供给不足掣肘了居民购买商业养老保险,尤其对农村与中西部居民影响深刻。此外,财富积累较少、收入水平较低、金融知识缺乏等也影响着居民商业养老保险购买。为了配合国家重大经济战略顺利实施,维护社会稳定,亟待构建完善的社会保障体系,开展保险业供给侧结构性改革。保险公司一要通过开发多层次的养老保险产品,满足居民多元化的养老需求;二要加大在中西部与农村市场的业务拓展,补足中西部地区金融短板。政府需要从完善收入分配体制、普及金融知识等角度入手,提高居民商业养老保险参与积极性。
基金supported by the National Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates,Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20200045)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Program,China.
文摘We successfully identified a novel and unique OsbZIP transcription factor,OsbZIP09,whose mutants exhibited longer seeds and less severe pre-harvest sprouting than the wild type,but shared similar germination rate as the wild type under normal germination conditions.The expression of OsbZIP09 was induced by abscisic acid(ABA)and declined as the germination process.As a nucleus-localized transcription factor,the conserved binding motif of OsbZIP09 was identified via DNA affinity purification sequencing technique.Further evidences indicated that OsbZIP09 directly enhanced the expression of ABA catabolism gene ABA8ox1,thus reducing ABA accumulation.In addition,OsbZIP09 also directly bound to the promoter of LEA3 gene to inhibit its expression,thus further alleviating the suppressive effect of ABA on seed germination.These results demonstrated that OsbZIP09 likely functions as a brake of the ABA pathway to attenuate the inhibitory effect of ABA on rice seed germination via dual strategies.
文摘水稻穗发育是产量形成的基础。从粳稻品种‘武香粳9号’组织培养后代中筛选获得一份幼穗发育异常的突变体pdf1(panicle development failure 1)。突变体pdf1能正常从营养生长向生殖生长转换,穗分化能正常起始,但随后穗轴基部细胞出现程序性死亡,引起穗发育停止。不同生长条件处理试验表明,pdf1突变性状受温度调控。转录组测序显示,差异表达基因主要参与DNA代谢过程、信号转导等生物过程,并定位于质膜和过氧化物酶体,其可能与信号刺激和过氧化物酶体等细胞通路的改变有关。
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Project (2012CB944803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31071383)+1 种基金the Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists of Jiangsu Province (BK2012010)Priority Academic Program Development from Jiangsu Government, China
文摘Grain shape and size are two key factors that determine rice yield and quality. In the present study, a rice triangular hull mutant (tri1) was obtained from the progeny of japonica rice variety Taipei 309 treated with 60Co γ-rays. Compared to the wild type, the tri1 mutant presents a triangular hull, and exhibits an increase in grain thickness and protein content, but with a slight decrease in plant height and grain weight. Genetic analysis indicated that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene which is stably inherited. Using a map-based cloning strategy, we fine-mapped tri1 to a 47-kb region between the molecular markers CHR0122 and CHR0127 on the long arm of chromosome 1, and showed that it co-segregates with the molecular marker CHR0119. According to the rice genome sequence annotation there are six predicated genes within the mapped region. Sequencing analysis of the mutant and the wild type indicated that there was a deletion of an A nucleotide in exon 3 of the OsMADS32 gene, which could result in a downstream frameshift mutation and premature termination of the predicted polypeptide. Both semi-quantitative and real-time RT-PCR analyses showed that this gene expressed highly in young inflorescences, while expressed at very low levels in other tissues. These results implied that the OsMADS32 gene could be a candidate of TRI1. Taken together, the results of this study lay the foundation for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms regulating rice caryopsis development.
