基于DS–PCA模型的包装设备滚动轴承故障诊断方法研究

目的针对包装设备长期连续工作的工作特性,对其滚动轴承的常见失效故障进行分析,提出一种基于DS–PCA模型的滚动轴承故障诊断方法,构建滚动轴承DS–PCA故障诊断模型,实现包装设备中滚动轴承的在线故障诊断。方法先运用DS证据理论对采集到的滚动轴承径向振动数据和轴向振动数据进行融合,使得信息具有整体完备性,同时对采集信号进行决策规则下的去噪处理,剔除干扰噪声信息;然后利用主成分分析法(PCA)将融合后的振动信号数据进行Q与T2的统计量计算,并通过对故障轴承振动信号的Q与T2统计量计算,确立故障时的经验阈值;最后,依据实时统计量与经验阈值对比,判断滚动轴承是否发生故障。结果通过对西储大学公开的滚动轴承试验数据分析计算,得到滚动轴承故障诊断准确率达到94%。结论该方法满足包装设备故障诊断的要求,其应用将有利于提升包装企业的生产质量和效率。

平塘特大桥中塔承台大体积混凝土温控技术

平塘特大桥为(249.5+2×550+249.5)m三塔双索面叠合梁斜拉桥,中塔承台于冬季施工,环境温度较低且天气变化剧烈、冷击效应明显。为避免在施工期间出现危害性裂缝,对承台大体积混凝土进行了温度控制。中塔承台分3次浇筑,施工过程中,采用了合理的混凝土配合比;对入模温度进行严格控制;在混凝土外部搭设保温棚,采用蒸汽养生等保温措施;内部设置了冷却水系统进行降温;表面、底面配制了防裂钢筋网。采用有限元软件MIDAS计算承台混凝土温度场和应力场,并在承台内部布置温度测点,对混凝土温度进行全程监测。结果表明:实测温度场的变化趋势与计算结果吻合较好,主要温度场和应力场指标均符合规范要求,大体积混凝土表面在整个浇筑养护期间均未出现明显有害裂缝。

Beneficial rhizobacterium provides positive plant–soil feedback effects to Ageratina adenophora

Rhizosphere microbial communities play important roles in facilitating or inhibiting the establishment of exotic species.Since some invasive plants interact with soil microbial communities such as rhizosphere bacteria,changes triggered by rhizosphere bacteria may alter competitive interactions between exotic and native plants.This study compared the Bacillus cereus content in soils with different degrees of Ageratina adenophora invasion,and investigated the effects of A.adenophora allelochemicals on B.cereus growth and soil characteristics and the feedback effects of B.cereus on A.adenophora growth.Bacillus cereus content in the rhizosphere of A.adenophora increased with intensification of the invasion process,and newly invaded soil contained almost twice as much bacteria as noninvaded soil.When rhizosphere soil was added to the root exudates of A.adenophora,the contents of B.cereus were twice as much as the control,except on the first day.Certain soil parameters increased significantly,such as ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and available phosphorus(AP),which were increased by 41 and 27%,respectively.Soil treatment with B.cereus promoted the degradation of two allelochemicals from the rhizosphere of A.adenophora,amorpha-4,7(11)-dien-8-one and 6-hydroxy-5-isopropy1-3,8-dimethyl-4 a,5,6,7,8,8 ahexahydraphthalen-2(1 H)-one,to varying degrees;and increased the germination rate by 50%,root length by 117%,shoot length by 48%and fresh weight by 81%for A.adenophora compared to those of untreated soil.Our results confirmed that the invasion of A.adenophora will promote an increase of B.cereus,a beneficial rhizosphere bacterium,which in turn induces a positive feedback effect on A.adenophora.

48 V-BSG混合动力系统研究

介绍混合动力系统的分类、 48 V-BSG混合动力物理架构及工作原理,对BSG电机、 DC/DC以及动力电池进行了参数设计,并对48 V-BSG系统和传统起停系统(Start&Stop Motor,以下简称SSM)在燃油经济性和噪声、震动上进行了对比试验。试验结果表明, 48 V-BSG对整车的燃油经济性和NVH性能均有显著改善。