Toxicity and horizontal transfer of bifenthrin and dimefluthrin against the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren(Hymenoptera: Formicidae), and the efficacy of their dust applications in the field

The red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren,poses a significant threat to biodiversity,agriculture,and public health in its introduced ranges.While chemicals such as toxic baits and dust are the main methods for S.invicta control,toxic baits are slow,requiring approximately one or two weeks,but dust can eliminate the colony of fire ants rapidly in just three to five days.To explore more active ingredients for fire ant control using dusts,the toxicity of bifenthrin and dimefluthrin,the horizontal transfer of bifenthrin and dimefluthrin dust and their efficacy in the field were tested.The results showed that the LD50(lethal dose) values of bifenthrin and dimefluthrin were 3.40 and 1.57 ng/ant,respectively.The KT50(median knockdown time) and KT95(95%knockdown time) values of a 20μg mL^(–1)bifenthrin dose were 7.179and 16.611 min,respectively.The KT50and KT95of a 5μg mL^(–1)dimefluthrin dose were 1.538 and 2.825 min,respectively.The horizontal transfers of bifenthrin and dimefluthrin among workers were effective.The mortality of recipients (secondary mortality) and secondary recipients (tertiary mortality) were both over 80%at 48 h after 0.25,0.50 and 1.00%bifenthrin dust treatments.The secondary mortality of recipients was over 99%at 48 h after 0.25,0.50 and 1.00% dimefluthrin dust treatments,but the tertiary mortality was below 20%.The field trial results showed that both bifenthrin and dimefluthrin exhibited excellent fire ant control effects,and the comprehensive control effects of 1.00%bifenthrin and dimefluthrin dusts at 14 d post-treatment were 95.87 and 85.70%,respectively.

入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾在深圳的发生为害调查

[目的]调查草地贪夜蛾入侵深圳对玉米植株造成为害情况,为深圳及广东入侵害虫预报预警及防控奠定基础。[方法]在深圳市坪山区、龙岗区、光明区、宝安区和大鹏新区玉米种植地,采用5点取样法,每点调查10株,记录玉米生育期、调查面积、玉米受害株数、卵块或幼虫数量、幼虫龄期、玉米受害部位,统计草地贪夜蛾虫口密度和玉米受害株率。[结果]坪山区、光明区、宝安区和大鹏新区玉米种植地已发现草地贪夜蛾,在该虫发生区域中,玉米平均受害株率为23.2%、平均百株虫量为32.0头/百株;草地贪夜蛾可为害玉米心叶、雄穗和雌穗,且为害玉米的部位随着玉米生育期的变化而发生变化,幼虫从苗期玉米心叶开始为害,雄穗抽出后为害雄穗,雌穗抽丝后又为害雌穗。[结论]草地贪夜蛾已入侵深圳并取食为害玉米植株,应采取应急措施进行防控并加强对该虫在全市发生的动态监测,避免该虫进一步扩散。