采用自制的单循环汽-液相平衡釜,测定了常压下含微量水的乙醇/正丁醇溶液二元体系的汽液平衡数据,测得的乙醇-水数据与文献中数据相比,两者吻合较好,验证了汽-液平衡釜的可靠性。正丁醇-水体系的实验结果发现:当水质量分数<0.02时,...采用自制的单循环汽-液相平衡釜,测定了常压下含微量水的乙醇/正丁醇溶液二元体系的汽液平衡数据,测得的乙醇-水数据与文献中数据相比,两者吻合较好,验证了汽-液平衡釜的可靠性。正丁醇-水体系的实验结果发现:当水质量分数<0.02时,其平衡常数趋于5.0,同时其活度系数趋于3.0。进一步用Aspen Plus v8.4计算机软件,分别对Wilson、NRTL、UNIQUAC活度系数模型进行关联,回归出相应的二元交互作用参数。将关联结果与实验结果相比较,得到关联值与实验值的温度和汽相组成的平均绝对偏差,分别小于0.29 K和0.000 9,一致性良好。该结果为正丁醇-水混合物的分离提供了一定的基础数据,同时也为汽液平衡数据库补充了新的内容。展开更多
More than 300 electrostatic solitary waves(ESWs)with a large perpendicular component which is a bi-polar waveform structure are observed in the boundary layer within the magnetic reconnection diffusion region in the n...More than 300 electrostatic solitary waves(ESWs)with a large perpendicular component which is a bi-polar waveform structure are observed in the boundary layer within the magnetic reconnection diffusion region in the near-Earth magnetotail.Such ESWs are called two-dimensional ESWs.A Singe-reconnection-based-statistical study of two-dimensional ESWs shows that:(1)ESWs can be continuously observed in the plasma sheet boundary layer(PSBL)associated with the magnetic reconnection diffusion region,and their amplitude ranges are mainly from several tens to hundreds ofμV/m;(2)both one-dimension-like ESWs(very small magnitude on E⊥)and two-dimension-like ESWs(large magnitude on E⊥,which are even comparable to that in the E||)are observed within a small time interval;(3)within the observation time spans,more than 61%of ESWs are regarded as two-dimensional ESWs for the I_(2)D>20%.We discuss the bi-polar structure in E⊥.The observation of ESWs with a large bi-polar structure in the perpendicular electric field gives evidence that the unique waveform differs from previous understanding from observations and simulations which suggests that it should be a uni-polar waveform structure in the E⊥of ESWs.展开更多
Analysis on the spatial structure of electrostatic solitary waves(ESWs)along the plasma sheet boundary layer(PSBL)near an on-going magnetic reconnection X-line is performed.Most of the ESWs in the PSBL of R3 region ne...Analysis on the spatial structure of electrostatic solitary waves(ESWs)along the plasma sheet boundary layer(PSBL)near an on-going magnetic reconnection X-line is performed.Most of the ESWs in the PSBL of R3 region near reconnection X-line are propagating earthwards away from the reconnecting site.An analysis of their spatial structure shows that,when ESWs propagate along the ambient field in the PSBL,outwards from the magnetic reconnection X-line,their amplitude will finally attenuate and thus the electron hole will fade away but their spatial scale remains unchanged.However,the spatial structure of propagating ESWs evolves from 1-D-like to 2-D-like though totally in a 1-D structure.展开更多
文摘采用自制的单循环汽-液相平衡釜,测定了常压下含微量水的乙醇/正丁醇溶液二元体系的汽液平衡数据,测得的乙醇-水数据与文献中数据相比,两者吻合较好,验证了汽-液平衡釜的可靠性。正丁醇-水体系的实验结果发现:当水质量分数<0.02时,其平衡常数趋于5.0,同时其活度系数趋于3.0。进一步用Aspen Plus v8.4计算机软件,分别对Wilson、NRTL、UNIQUAC活度系数模型进行关联,回归出相应的二元交互作用参数。将关联结果与实验结果相比较,得到关联值与实验值的温度和汽相组成的平均绝对偏差,分别小于0.29 K和0.000 9,一致性良好。该结果为正丁醇-水混合物的分离提供了一定的基础数据,同时也为汽液平衡数据库补充了新的内容。
基金Supported by the Post-Doctoral Research Program of China(42956)the National Basic Research Program of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 40890163.
文摘More than 300 electrostatic solitary waves(ESWs)with a large perpendicular component which is a bi-polar waveform structure are observed in the boundary layer within the magnetic reconnection diffusion region in the near-Earth magnetotail.Such ESWs are called two-dimensional ESWs.A Singe-reconnection-based-statistical study of two-dimensional ESWs shows that:(1)ESWs can be continuously observed in the plasma sheet boundary layer(PSBL)associated with the magnetic reconnection diffusion region,and their amplitude ranges are mainly from several tens to hundreds ofμV/m;(2)both one-dimension-like ESWs(very small magnitude on E⊥)and two-dimension-like ESWs(large magnitude on E⊥,which are even comparable to that in the E||)are observed within a small time interval;(3)within the observation time spans,more than 61%of ESWs are regarded as two-dimensional ESWs for the I_(2)D>20%.We discuss the bi-polar structure in E⊥.The observation of ESWs with a large bi-polar structure in the perpendicular electric field gives evidence that the unique waveform differs from previous understanding from observations and simulations which suggests that it should be a uni-polar waveform structure in the E⊥of ESWs.
基金Supported by the Post-Doctoral Research Program of China(42956)the National Basic Research Program of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 40890163.
文摘Analysis on the spatial structure of electrostatic solitary waves(ESWs)along the plasma sheet boundary layer(PSBL)near an on-going magnetic reconnection X-line is performed.Most of the ESWs in the PSBL of R3 region near reconnection X-line are propagating earthwards away from the reconnecting site.An analysis of their spatial structure shows that,when ESWs propagate along the ambient field in the PSBL,outwards from the magnetic reconnection X-line,their amplitude will finally attenuate and thus the electron hole will fade away but their spatial scale remains unchanged.However,the spatial structure of propagating ESWs evolves from 1-D-like to 2-D-like though totally in a 1-D structure.
