Under the background of medical disputes growing in number,scale and intensity,tracing back legal changes in medical field as a breakthrough point,this paper took a legal perspective to illustrate changes in medical d...Under the background of medical disputes growing in number,scale and intensity,tracing back legal changes in medical field as a breakthrough point,this paper took a legal perspective to illustrate changes in medical dispute settlements from legislative orientation to legal system improvement.In view of the fact that early legislation in medical field was biased towards identification and punishment of doctors’responsibility,and later intensive legislation in balancing increasing"medical trouble"phenomenon with limited effects and difficulties to abide by the law,this paper proposed to improve doctor-patient dispute settlements system in China referencing from foreign law experience,to reduce investigation of doctors at the judicial level,and to establish a settlement mechanism on doctors’apology at the legislative level,so as to promote a healthy development of doctor-patient relationship.展开更多
【目的】研究落叶松树皮多聚原花青素的树脂催化降解工艺及降解产物的抗氧化活性,为落叶松树皮的开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】以落叶松树皮中多聚原花青素(LPPC)为原料,使用CR57树脂催化降解制备了落叶松树皮低聚原花青素(LOPC)。通...【目的】研究落叶松树皮多聚原花青素的树脂催化降解工艺及降解产物的抗氧化活性,为落叶松树皮的开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】以落叶松树皮中多聚原花青素(LPPC)为原料,使用CR57树脂催化降解制备了落叶松树皮低聚原花青素(LOPC)。通过单因素试验和响应面试验分析,优化降解工艺条件,并对降解产物进行结构表征,考察其抗氧化能力。【结果】催化降解最佳工艺条件为每100 m L多聚原花青素中加入18 m L催化树脂,催化温度76℃,催化时间1.8 h,此条件下降解产物平均聚合度为3.76。对比LPPC和降解产物LOPC的色谱图,发现降解产物中多聚组分含量明显降低,证实LPPC发生了降解反应;根据紫外光谱图和红外光谱图,确定降解产物具有原花青素的结构特征;由质谱图可知降解产物是从三聚体到十二聚体,并以四聚体为主分布的低聚物。分析降解产物的抗氧化活性,其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、羟自由基(·OH)和2,2'-二氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)铵盐(ABTS)自由基的半数抑制质量浓度(IC50)分别为72.56、12.64和2.52 mg/L。与各对照品相比较,降解产物清除DPPH自由基的能力最强,其还原能力、清除·OH自由基能力和清除ABTS自由基能力仅低于葡萄籽提取物(GS),而高于松树皮提取物(PB)、VC、特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)。【结论】催化树脂CR57可适用于催化LPPC的降解反应,降解后的LOPC具有较强的抗氧化性。展开更多
文摘Under the background of medical disputes growing in number,scale and intensity,tracing back legal changes in medical field as a breakthrough point,this paper took a legal perspective to illustrate changes in medical dispute settlements from legislative orientation to legal system improvement.In view of the fact that early legislation in medical field was biased towards identification and punishment of doctors’responsibility,and later intensive legislation in balancing increasing"medical trouble"phenomenon with limited effects and difficulties to abide by the law,this paper proposed to improve doctor-patient dispute settlements system in China referencing from foreign law experience,to reduce investigation of doctors at the judicial level,and to establish a settlement mechanism on doctors’apology at the legislative level,so as to promote a healthy development of doctor-patient relationship.
文摘【目的】研究落叶松树皮多聚原花青素的树脂催化降解工艺及降解产物的抗氧化活性,为落叶松树皮的开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】以落叶松树皮中多聚原花青素(LPPC)为原料,使用CR57树脂催化降解制备了落叶松树皮低聚原花青素(LOPC)。通过单因素试验和响应面试验分析,优化降解工艺条件,并对降解产物进行结构表征,考察其抗氧化能力。【结果】催化降解最佳工艺条件为每100 m L多聚原花青素中加入18 m L催化树脂,催化温度76℃,催化时间1.8 h,此条件下降解产物平均聚合度为3.76。对比LPPC和降解产物LOPC的色谱图,发现降解产物中多聚组分含量明显降低,证实LPPC发生了降解反应;根据紫外光谱图和红外光谱图,确定降解产物具有原花青素的结构特征;由质谱图可知降解产物是从三聚体到十二聚体,并以四聚体为主分布的低聚物。分析降解产物的抗氧化活性,其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、羟自由基(·OH)和2,2'-二氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)铵盐(ABTS)自由基的半数抑制质量浓度(IC50)分别为72.56、12.64和2.52 mg/L。与各对照品相比较,降解产物清除DPPH自由基的能力最强,其还原能力、清除·OH自由基能力和清除ABTS自由基能力仅低于葡萄籽提取物(GS),而高于松树皮提取物(PB)、VC、特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)。【结论】催化树脂CR57可适用于催化LPPC的降解反应,降解后的LOPC具有较强的抗氧化性。
