目的:探讨通络止痛凝胶治疗兔冻结肩模型的疗效及对冻结肩相关炎性因子IL-1β、TNF-α的影响研究。方法:选取雄性健康成年家兔24只,随机分为空白组(A组)、模型对照组(B组)、通络止痛凝胶治疗组(C组)。除空白组外均采取持续机械劳损及冰...目的:探讨通络止痛凝胶治疗兔冻结肩模型的疗效及对冻结肩相关炎性因子IL-1β、TNF-α的影响研究。方法:选取雄性健康成年家兔24只,随机分为空白组(A组)、模型对照组(B组)、通络止痛凝胶治疗组(C组)。除空白组外均采取持续机械劳损及冰敷方法对家兔进行冻结肩造模,造模结束后,A组与B组均不予治疗;C组予以外敷通络止痛凝胶治疗,每周5次,治疗2周后处死全部家兔,取家兔冻结肩周围滑膜组织,HE染色后光镜下观察,并按Krenn grading of chronic synovitis为滑膜评分;同时用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组血清及关节周围组织中IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-3的表达水平。结果:与空白组相比,模型组在造模后肩关节滑膜炎性评分明显升高(P<0.01),局部皮肤可见红肿,提示造模成功;与模型组对比,通络止痛凝胶治疗组在治疗2周后,其滑膜组织切片炎性浸润明显减轻,滑膜Krenn炎性评分降低明显(P<0.01)。在致纤维化化学因子与炎性化学因子方面,通络止痛凝胶治疗组可明显降低家兔血清及关节周围组织匀浆中的IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-3表达量(P<0.01)。结论:通络止痛凝胶可以有效减轻家兔冻结肩模型肩关节滑膜炎症,并可明显降低家兔血清及关节周围组织中IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-3的含量。展开更多
The experimental studies of the flaring gate pier applied on the surface spillway in a high-arch dam show that a shock-wave will appear when the pattern of the flow is kept as super-critical. Meanwhile, the water dept...The experimental studies of the flaring gate pier applied on the surface spillway in a high-arch dam show that a shock-wave will appear when the pattern of the flow is kept as super-critical. Meanwhile, the water depth at the outlet increases significantly, the flow moves downward in different directions, and the plunging jet is in a narrow and long shape, with a full longitudinal diffusion. In addition, the variation of the flaring gate pier design parameters affects little the discharge capacity of the surface spillway, these parameters including the contraction ratio fl, the contraction angle c~ and the spillway chute angle O. The pressure on the bottom of the spillway increases along the way and reaches the maximum before the outlet, and then decreases rapidly. Due to the flow impacting, the pressure on both sidewalls increases abruptly at the turning line of the flaring gate pier. To see the characteristics of the flow in the flaring gate pier, a simple calculation method is suggested based on the conversation of energy and mass, and the calculation methods for the jet trajectory and the horizontal length in air are also proposed. The results are found in good agreement with experimental data.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨通络止痛凝胶治疗兔冻结肩模型的疗效及对冻结肩相关炎性因子IL-1β、TNF-α的影响研究。方法:选取雄性健康成年家兔24只,随机分为空白组(A组)、模型对照组(B组)、通络止痛凝胶治疗组(C组)。除空白组外均采取持续机械劳损及冰敷方法对家兔进行冻结肩造模,造模结束后,A组与B组均不予治疗;C组予以外敷通络止痛凝胶治疗,每周5次,治疗2周后处死全部家兔,取家兔冻结肩周围滑膜组织,HE染色后光镜下观察,并按Krenn grading of chronic synovitis为滑膜评分;同时用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组血清及关节周围组织中IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-3的表达水平。结果:与空白组相比,模型组在造模后肩关节滑膜炎性评分明显升高(P<0.01),局部皮肤可见红肿,提示造模成功;与模型组对比,通络止痛凝胶治疗组在治疗2周后,其滑膜组织切片炎性浸润明显减轻,滑膜Krenn炎性评分降低明显(P<0.01)。在致纤维化化学因子与炎性化学因子方面,通络止痛凝胶治疗组可明显降低家兔血清及关节周围组织匀浆中的IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-3表达量(P<0.01)。结论:通络止痛凝胶可以有效减轻家兔冻结肩模型肩关节滑膜炎症,并可明显降低家兔血清及关节周围组织中IL-1β、TNF-α、MMP-3的含量。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50909067, 51009102)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. 2011SCU-NCET-10-0589)
文摘The experimental studies of the flaring gate pier applied on the surface spillway in a high-arch dam show that a shock-wave will appear when the pattern of the flow is kept as super-critical. Meanwhile, the water depth at the outlet increases significantly, the flow moves downward in different directions, and the plunging jet is in a narrow and long shape, with a full longitudinal diffusion. In addition, the variation of the flaring gate pier design parameters affects little the discharge capacity of the surface spillway, these parameters including the contraction ratio fl, the contraction angle c~ and the spillway chute angle O. The pressure on the bottom of the spillway increases along the way and reaches the maximum before the outlet, and then decreases rapidly. Due to the flow impacting, the pressure on both sidewalls increases abruptly at the turning line of the flaring gate pier. To see the characteristics of the flow in the flaring gate pier, a simple calculation method is suggested based on the conversation of energy and mass, and the calculation methods for the jet trajectory and the horizontal length in air are also proposed. The results are found in good agreement with experimental data.
