A feasible approach to selectively recover iron and rare earth elements(REEs)from red mud through acid leaching-coordination-solvent extraction was proposed.The leaching efficiencies of Fe,Al,Ti,Sc,La,Ce,Nd and Y can ...A feasible approach to selectively recover iron and rare earth elements(REEs)from red mud through acid leaching-coordination-solvent extraction was proposed.The leaching efficiencies of Fe,Al,Ti,Sc,La,Ce,Nd and Y can reach up to 95.9%,82.1%,68.3%,93.3%,82.3%,96.9%,98.3%and 95.6%,respectively,under the optimal condition in the leaching process.Aliquat 336 showed excellent extraction performance of iron in chloride-rich solution,and the maximum extraction efficiency can reach over 96%in one time extraction while the loss of other metals was less than 10%,under the condition of Aliquat 336 concentration(v/v)of 30%,aqueous-organic ratio of 1.0 and extraction time of 20 min.Furthermore,P204 can effectively extract the scandium while Al and most other REEs remain in the aqueous phase.This approach may provide a new insight for the recovery of valuable resources from red mud.展开更多
In order to solve the problem of long-term (>9 months) efficacy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by conventional therapy (CT), a staged and multiply-targeted sequential therapy based on the evolveme...In order to solve the problem of long-term (>9 months) efficacy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by conventional therapy (CT), a staged and multiply-targeted sequential therapy based on the evolvement of patterns (STEP) was developed. Its main innovations include:(1) the time order of evolution of patterns defined by Chinese medicine (CM) in AD was found, that is,"the orderly pattern evolution starting from Shen (Kidney) deficiency, progressing to phlegm, stasis and fire, and worsening to severe toxin as well as functional collapse";(2) the cascade hypothesis of Shen deficiency in AD and its sequential therapy based on Shen-reinforcing was proposed, that is,"reinforcing Shen in the early stage and throughout the whole process, resolving phlegm, activating blood and purging fire in the middle stage, detoxifying and replenishing vitality to stop the collapse in the advanced stage", and through meta-analysis, clinical drug use was optimized, thus the leap from "inferential selection" to "evidence-based selection" was realized;(3) the STEP regimen combined with CT maintained cognitive and behavioral stability in AD patients for at least 12 months, with cognitive enhancement and behavioral synergy after 9 months, and cognitive benefit was superior to CT at 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months, respectively. The 2-year cognitive improvement rate was increased by 25.64%(P=0.020) and the cognitive deterioration rate was decreased by 48.71%(P=0.000). Among them, the cognitive and functional benefits of Shen-reinforcing therapy for very early AD (350 cases) for 1 year were better than the placebo (P<0.001), and the dementia conversion rate was reduced by 8.85%(P=0.002). The behavioral symptomatic relief of patients with vascular dementia received fire-purging therapy (540 cases) was superior to those received CT (P=0.016). These data suggested that the STEP regimen has synergistic effects on CTs at least in terms of cognitive benefit, and the earlier the use, the greater the benefit will have. Therefore, the STEP regimen should be considered as one of the clinical options, particularly for the dearth of effective pharmaceutical or immunological interventions that are currently available for AD.展开更多
Objective：To investigate the effect of GAPT,an extract mixture from Radix Ginseng,Rhizoma Acor tatarinowii,Radix Polygalae and Radix Curcuma（containing ingredient of turmeric）,etc.on expression of tau protein and i...Objective：To investigate the effect of GAPT,an extract mixture from Radix Ginseng,Rhizoma Acor tatarinowii,Radix Polygalae and Radix Curcuma（containing ingredient of turmeric）,etc.on expression of tau protein and its phosphorylation related enzyme in hippocampal neurons of APPV717I transgenic mice.Methods：Sixty three-month-old APPV717I transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group,donepezil group[0.92 mg/（kg·d）],the low,medium and high dosage of GAPT groups[0.075,0.15,0.30 g/（kg·d）,12 in each group],and 12 three-month-old C57BL/6J mice were set as a normal control group,treatments were administered orally once a day respectively,and both the normal group and model group were given 0.5%sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution.Immunohistochemistry（IHC）and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of total tau protein（Tau-5）,cyclin-dependent kinase 5（CDK5）and protein phosphatase 2A（PP2A）in hippocampal neurons of experimental mice after 8-month drug administration（11 months old）.Results：In the model group,the expression of Tau-5 and CDK5 were increased,whereas the expression of PP2A was decreased in hippocampal neurons,which were significantly different compared with that in the normal group（all P〈0.01）.IHC test indicated the number and area of either Tau-5 or CDK5 positive cells were decreased with a dose-depended way in GAPT groups,and an increase of PP2A.Compared with the model group,the changes were significant in GAPT groups（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.Similar results were shown by Western blot.Conclusion：GAPT could attenuate abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in hippocampal neurons of APPV717I transgenic mice via inhibiting the expression of CDK5 and activating the expression of PP2A.展开更多
基金Project(21707167)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A feasible approach to selectively recover iron and rare earth elements(REEs)from red mud through acid leaching-coordination-solvent extraction was proposed.The leaching efficiencies of Fe,Al,Ti,Sc,La,Ce,Nd and Y can reach up to 95.9%,82.1%,68.3%,93.3%,82.3%,96.9%,98.3%and 95.6%,respectively,under the optimal condition in the leaching process.Aliquat 336 showed excellent extraction performance of iron in chloride-rich solution,and the maximum extraction efficiency can reach over 96%in one time extraction while the loss of other metals was less than 10%,under the condition of Aliquat 336 concentration(v/v)of 30%,aqueous-organic ratio of 1.0 and extraction time of 20 min.Furthermore,P204 can effectively extract the scandium while Al and most other REEs remain in the aqueous phase.This approach may provide a new insight for the recovery of valuable resources from red mud.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81473518,81573824,81503625)Changjiang Scholar Program of Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China(No.IRT0810)+2 种基金Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China(No.B08006)Beijing Science and Technology Commissi on(No.Z141107002515019)Beijing Health and Family Planning Commission(No.SF2014-1-4191).
文摘In order to solve the problem of long-term (>9 months) efficacy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by conventional therapy (CT), a staged and multiply-targeted sequential therapy based on the evolvement of patterns (STEP) was developed. Its main innovations include:(1) the time order of evolution of patterns defined by Chinese medicine (CM) in AD was found, that is,"the orderly pattern evolution starting from Shen (Kidney) deficiency, progressing to phlegm, stasis and fire, and worsening to severe toxin as well as functional collapse";(2) the cascade hypothesis of Shen deficiency in AD and its sequential therapy based on Shen-reinforcing was proposed, that is,"reinforcing Shen in the early stage and throughout the whole process, resolving phlegm, activating blood and purging fire in the middle stage, detoxifying and replenishing vitality to stop the collapse in the advanced stage", and through meta-analysis, clinical drug use was optimized, thus the leap from "inferential selection" to "evidence-based selection" was realized;(3) the STEP regimen combined with CT maintained cognitive and behavioral stability in AD patients for at least 12 months, with cognitive enhancement and behavioral synergy after 9 months, and cognitive benefit was superior to CT at 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months, respectively. The 2-year cognitive improvement rate was increased by 25.64%(P=0.020) and the cognitive deterioration rate was decreased by 48.71%(P=0.000). Among them, the cognitive and functional benefits of Shen-reinforcing therapy for very early AD (350 cases) for 1 year were better than the placebo (P<0.001), and the dementia conversion rate was reduced by 8.85%(P=0.002). The behavioral symptomatic relief of patients with vascular dementia received fire-purging therapy (540 cases) was superior to those received CT (P=0.016). These data suggested that the STEP regimen has synergistic effects on CTs at least in terms of cognitive benefit, and the earlier the use, the greater the benefit will have. Therefore, the STEP regimen should be considered as one of the clinical options, particularly for the dearth of effective pharmaceutical or immunological interventions that are currently available for AD.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473518,81573824)the Capital Health Research and Development of Special(No.SF2014-1-4191)
文摘Objective：To investigate the effect of GAPT,an extract mixture from Radix Ginseng,Rhizoma Acor tatarinowii,Radix Polygalae and Radix Curcuma（containing ingredient of turmeric）,etc.on expression of tau protein and its phosphorylation related enzyme in hippocampal neurons of APPV717I transgenic mice.Methods：Sixty three-month-old APPV717I transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group,donepezil group[0.92 mg/（kg·d）],the low,medium and high dosage of GAPT groups[0.075,0.15,0.30 g/（kg·d）,12 in each group],and 12 three-month-old C57BL/6J mice were set as a normal control group,treatments were administered orally once a day respectively,and both the normal group and model group were given 0.5%sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution.Immunohistochemistry（IHC）and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of total tau protein（Tau-5）,cyclin-dependent kinase 5（CDK5）and protein phosphatase 2A（PP2A）in hippocampal neurons of experimental mice after 8-month drug administration（11 months old）.Results：In the model group,the expression of Tau-5 and CDK5 were increased,whereas the expression of PP2A was decreased in hippocampal neurons,which were significantly different compared with that in the normal group（all P〈0.01）.IHC test indicated the number and area of either Tau-5 or CDK5 positive cells were decreased with a dose-depended way in GAPT groups,and an increase of PP2A.Compared with the model group,the changes were significant in GAPT groups（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.Similar results were shown by Western blot.Conclusion：GAPT could attenuate abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in hippocampal neurons of APPV717I transgenic mice via inhibiting the expression of CDK5 and activating the expression of PP2A.
