目的系统评价护生参与客观结构化临床考试的真实体验和感受,为护理教学改革提供参考。方法检索中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、万方数据知识服务平台、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Scopus等数据库中关于护生参与客观结构化...目的系统评价护生参与客观结构化临床考试的真实体验和感受,为护理教学改革提供参考。方法检索中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、万方数据知识服务平台、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Scopus等数据库中关于护生参与客观结构化临床考试的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2023年2月3日。经质量评价后,采取Meta整合方法对文献结果进行归纳与分析。结果共纳入9篇文献,提炼出43个研究结果,归纳出9个新类别,得到3个整合结果,分别为影响表现的因素、消极与积极感受并存、个人收获与成长。结论客观结构化临床考试新颖、客观、全面,且环境真实,能提升护生综合能力,但其可行性仍需改进,需重视科学设置站点和同质化培训标准化患者、优化带教管理模式,以促进客观结构化临床考试开展。展开更多
Rice cooking and eating qualities(CEQ)are mainly determined by cooked rice textural parameters and starch physicochemical properties.However,the genetic bases of grain texture and starch properties in rice have not be...Rice cooking and eating qualities(CEQ)are mainly determined by cooked rice textural parameters and starch physicochemical properties.However,the genetic bases of grain texture and starch properties in rice have not been fully understood.We conducted a genome-wide association study for apparent amylose content(AAC),starch pasting viscosities,and cooked rice textural parameters using 279 indica rice accessions from the 3000 Rice Genome Project.We identified 26 QTLs in the whole population and detected single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)with the lowest P-value at the Waxy(Wx)locus for all traits except pasting temperature and cohesiveness.Additionally,we detected significant SNPs at the SUBSTANDARD STARCH GRAIN6(SSG6)locus for AAC,setback(SB),hardness,adhesiveness,chewiness(CHEW),gumminess(GUM),and resilience.We subsequently divided the population using a SNP adjacent to the Waxy locus,and identified 23 QTLs and 12 QTLs in two sub-panels,WxT and WxA,respectively.In these sub-panels,SSG6 was also identified to be associated with pasting parameters,including peak viscosity,hot paste viscosity,cold paste viscosity,and consistency viscosity.Furthermore,a candidate gene encoding monosaccharide transporter 5(OsMST5)was identified to be associated with AAC,breakdown,SB,CHEW,and GUM.In total,39 QTLs were co-localized with known genes or previously reported QTLs.These identified genes and QTLs provide valuable information for genetic manipulation to improve rice CEQ.展开更多
文摘目的系统评价护生参与客观结构化临床考试的真实体验和感受,为护理教学改革提供参考。方法检索中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、万方数据知识服务平台、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Scopus等数据库中关于护生参与客观结构化临床考试的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2023年2月3日。经质量评价后,采取Meta整合方法对文献结果进行归纳与分析。结果共纳入9篇文献,提炼出43个研究结果,归纳出9个新类别,得到3个整合结果,分别为影响表现的因素、消极与积极感受并存、个人收获与成长。结论客观结构化临床考试新颖、客观、全面,且环境真实,能提升护生综合能力,但其可行性仍需改进,需重视科学设置站点和同质化培训标准化患者、优化带教管理模式,以促进客观结构化临床考试开展。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A2032)the Agro ST Project(Grant No.NK2022050102)the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.323MS066)。
文摘Rice cooking and eating qualities(CEQ)are mainly determined by cooked rice textural parameters and starch physicochemical properties.However,the genetic bases of grain texture and starch properties in rice have not been fully understood.We conducted a genome-wide association study for apparent amylose content(AAC),starch pasting viscosities,and cooked rice textural parameters using 279 indica rice accessions from the 3000 Rice Genome Project.We identified 26 QTLs in the whole population and detected single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)with the lowest P-value at the Waxy(Wx)locus for all traits except pasting temperature and cohesiveness.Additionally,we detected significant SNPs at the SUBSTANDARD STARCH GRAIN6(SSG6)locus for AAC,setback(SB),hardness,adhesiveness,chewiness(CHEW),gumminess(GUM),and resilience.We subsequently divided the population using a SNP adjacent to the Waxy locus,and identified 23 QTLs and 12 QTLs in two sub-panels,WxT and WxA,respectively.In these sub-panels,SSG6 was also identified to be associated with pasting parameters,including peak viscosity,hot paste viscosity,cold paste viscosity,and consistency viscosity.Furthermore,a candidate gene encoding monosaccharide transporter 5(OsMST5)was identified to be associated with AAC,breakdown,SB,CHEW,and GUM.In total,39 QTLs were co-localized with known genes or previously reported QTLs.These identified genes and QTLs provide valuable information for genetic manipulation to improve rice CEQ.
