在推动综合能源系统(integrated energy systems,IES)低碳转型发展的背景下,本文提出一种含光热甲烷重整制氢(photothermal methane reforming to hydrogen,PMRH)和燃气掺氢与储液式碳捕集协同运行的综合能源系统优化调度模型。首先建立...在推动综合能源系统(integrated energy systems,IES)低碳转型发展的背景下,本文提出一种含光热甲烷重整制氢(photothermal methane reforming to hydrogen,PMRH)和燃气掺氢与储液式碳捕集协同运行的综合能源系统优化调度模型。首先建立PMRH设备、电解槽等模型,再针对碳排放问题建立掺氢燃气机组与碳捕集设备模型,最后在减排机制方面加入阶梯式碳税进一步约束系统的碳排放。基于此,以经济与环境成本最小为目标,计及功率、掺氢比等约束,构建IES低碳优化模型。对构建模型设置不同场景进行分析,系统总成本降低27.9%,碳排放量减少28.2%,验证了本文模型在经济性和低碳性方面的优势。展开更多
为了解决航天工程中减振和能源供应的问题,构建了一种应用于航天工程的整星减振和能量采集一体化装置,设计并考察了一种基于非线性能量汇(nonlinear energy sink, NES)的新型非线性减振装置,通过以惯容器(inerter)替代传统的惯性元件以...为了解决航天工程中减振和能源供应的问题,构建了一种应用于航天工程的整星减振和能量采集一体化装置,设计并考察了一种基于非线性能量汇(nonlinear energy sink, NES)的新型非线性减振装置,通过以惯容器(inerter)替代传统的惯性元件以减少负载质量,并在该装置中整合了基于超磁致伸缩材料(giant magnetostrictive material, GMM)的能量采集器.在整星减振的实际背景下对其进行了建模、仿真和分析,同时通过数值计算,考察分析了能量采集器采集振动能量的效果.研究结果表明,在合理选择的参数下,该NES-inerter-GMM(NES-I-GMM)装置能够很好地起到减振作用,同时收集一定的振动能量.展开更多
This paper presents nonlinear energy sink with giant magnetostrictive-piezoelectric material for energy harvesting of the wholespacecraft vibration reduction system. The whole-spacecraft vibration attenuation system c...This paper presents nonlinear energy sink with giant magnetostrictive-piezoelectric material for energy harvesting of the wholespacecraft vibration reduction system. The whole-spacecraft vibration attenuation system can effectively reduce vibration and achieve self-tuning enhanced energy harvesting range. The open-circuit voltage generated at low frequency is affected by the magnetic field force, alternating magnetic field and relative displacement. In order to acquire a steady periodic solution of the energy harvesting system, a combination of the harmonic balance method and pseudo arc length continuation technique is used.The numerical outcomes are consistent with the analytical outcomes in a certain range, which also proves the accuracy and reliability of the results. The amplitude and voltage of the energy harvesting system are analyzed by parameters such as cubic stiffness, viscous damping, and external excitation acceleration. In addition, this paper provides a new idea for broadband energy harvesting.展开更多
Liver transplantation is an established therapy for end-stage liver diseases. Graft rejection occurs unless the recipient receives immunosuppression after transplantation. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of ...Liver transplantation is an established therapy for end-stage liver diseases. Graft rejection occurs unless the recipient receives immunosuppression after transplantation. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of acute rejection of liver allografts in rats pre-treated with total body irradiation to eliminate passenger lymphocytes and to define the role of CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells in the induction of immunotolerance in the recipient. Male Lewis rats were used as donors and male DA rats were re- cipients. Rats were randomly assigned to the following four groups： control group, homogeneity liver transplantation group, idio-immunotolerance group and acute rejection group. After transplantation, the survival time of each group, serum alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin levels, number of Foxp3＋CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells, expression of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor on T cell subgroups, histopathology of the hepatic graft and spleen cytotoxic T lymphocyte lytic activity were measured. In the acute rejection group, where donors were preconditioned with total body in＇adiation before liver transplantation, all recipients died between day 17 and day 21. On day 14, serum alanine aminotransferase increased signifi- cantly to （459.2±76.9） U L^- 1, total bilirubin increased to （124.1±33.7） μmol L-1 （P〈0.05） and the ratio of Foxp3＋CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells decreased significantly to 1.50%±0.50% （P〈0.05） compared with the other groups. Analysis of the T cell subpopulations in the acute rejection group varied from the other groups. Histological analysis showed typical changes of acute rejection in the acute rejection group only. Preconditioning of the donors with total body irradiation eliminated passenger lymphocytes of the liver graft, and thus affected the course of tolerance and induced acute rejection after liver transplantation.展开更多
文摘在推动综合能源系统(integrated energy systems,IES)低碳转型发展的背景下,本文提出一种含光热甲烷重整制氢(photothermal methane reforming to hydrogen,PMRH)和燃气掺氢与储液式碳捕集协同运行的综合能源系统优化调度模型。首先建立PMRH设备、电解槽等模型,再针对碳排放问题建立掺氢燃气机组与碳捕集设备模型,最后在减排机制方面加入阶梯式碳税进一步约束系统的碳排放。基于此,以经济与环境成本最小为目标,计及功率、掺氢比等约束,构建IES低碳优化模型。对构建模型设置不同场景进行分析,系统总成本降低27.9%,碳排放量减少28.2%,验证了本文模型在经济性和低碳性方面的优势。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11772205,11572182,51775541,11672188)the Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department(Grant Nos.L201703,L201737,L201762)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(Grant No.XLYC1807172)
文摘This paper presents nonlinear energy sink with giant magnetostrictive-piezoelectric material for energy harvesting of the wholespacecraft vibration reduction system. The whole-spacecraft vibration attenuation system can effectively reduce vibration and achieve self-tuning enhanced energy harvesting range. The open-circuit voltage generated at low frequency is affected by the magnetic field force, alternating magnetic field and relative displacement. In order to acquire a steady periodic solution of the energy harvesting system, a combination of the harmonic balance method and pseudo arc length continuation technique is used.The numerical outcomes are consistent with the analytical outcomes in a certain range, which also proves the accuracy and reliability of the results. The amplitude and voltage of the energy harvesting system are analyzed by parameters such as cubic stiffness, viscous damping, and external excitation acceleration. In addition, this paper provides a new idea for broadband energy harvesting.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61141013)the Key Medical Talents of Jiangsu Province(Grant No. RC2011090)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. SBK201120268)the 333 Program for High Level Talents of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. 2011III-2640)
文摘Liver transplantation is an established therapy for end-stage liver diseases. Graft rejection occurs unless the recipient receives immunosuppression after transplantation. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of acute rejection of liver allografts in rats pre-treated with total body irradiation to eliminate passenger lymphocytes and to define the role of CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells in the induction of immunotolerance in the recipient. Male Lewis rats were used as donors and male DA rats were re- cipients. Rats were randomly assigned to the following four groups： control group, homogeneity liver transplantation group, idio-immunotolerance group and acute rejection group. After transplantation, the survival time of each group, serum alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin levels, number of Foxp3＋CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells, expression of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor on T cell subgroups, histopathology of the hepatic graft and spleen cytotoxic T lymphocyte lytic activity were measured. In the acute rejection group, where donors were preconditioned with total body in＇adiation before liver transplantation, all recipients died between day 17 and day 21. On day 14, serum alanine aminotransferase increased signifi- cantly to （459.2±76.9） U L^- 1, total bilirubin increased to （124.1±33.7） μmol L-1 （P〈0.05） and the ratio of Foxp3＋CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells decreased significantly to 1.50%±0.50% （P〈0.05） compared with the other groups. Analysis of the T cell subpopulations in the acute rejection group varied from the other groups. Histological analysis showed typical changes of acute rejection in the acute rejection group only. Preconditioning of the donors with total body irradiation eliminated passenger lymphocytes of the liver graft, and thus affected the course of tolerance and induced acute rejection after liver transplantation.
