随着汽车轻量化策略的持续推进,作为汽车车身应用轻量化材料的铝合金板已成为汽车轻量化领域的研发重点,而连续铸轧技术是生产汽车车身铝板较为先进的技术之一。本文通过收集德温特创新索引国际专利数据库(DII)、普若凯斯特专利数据库(P...随着汽车轻量化策略的持续推进,作为汽车车身应用轻量化材料的铝合金板已成为汽车轻量化领域的研发重点,而连续铸轧技术是生产汽车车身铝板较为先进的技术之一。本文通过收集德温特创新索引国际专利数据库(DII)、普若凯斯特专利数据库(Proquest Dialog)等涉及连续铸轧生产铝汽车板的专利,利用汤姆森数据分析软件(Thomson Data Analyzer)等主流情报分析工具,对连续铸轧生产汽车板技术在全球的研发现状、态势及主要技术方向,以及美国铝业公司连续铸轧生产铝汽车板专利发展态势进行分析。展开更多
输气管道和工业管道在功能、属性和技术上的区别往往被忽视,通常人们会误认为工业管道较输气管道在技术上更为复杂,要求上更为严格,因而在管理上可能对该两类管道的类别划分不清。分析可知,输气管道与工业管道虽然同属压力管道,但是两...输气管道和工业管道在功能、属性和技术上的区别往往被忽视,通常人们会误认为工业管道较输气管道在技术上更为复杂,要求上更为严格,因而在管理上可能对该两类管道的类别划分不清。分析可知,输气管道与工业管道虽然同属压力管道,但是两者功能和属性不同,所处自然环境及社会条件也不同,因此在设计、材料选用、焊接施工及生产运行的各个环节都有重大区别,主要体现在管道钢管壁厚计算公式、材料选用及材料体系、夏比冲击韧性试验温度及冲击功合格值、标准规范体系和焊接施工上。纵观美国ASME B 31.3《工艺管道》与ASME B 31.8《输气和配气管道系统》的编制历史变迁可知,输气管道与工业管道属于不同类别各自独立的管道体系,在技术上和管理上都应该立足于这个原则开展生产运行和管理工作。展开更多
The Silurian bituminous sandstones（SBS） in the Tarim Basin, China are important basinwide reservoirs with an estimated area of approximately 249000 km^2. We investigated the ages of authigenic illites in the SBS res...The Silurian bituminous sandstones（SBS） in the Tarim Basin, China are important basinwide reservoirs with an estimated area of approximately 249000 km^2. We investigated the ages of authigenic illites in the SBS reservoirs and constrained their formation timing by using the 40^Ar/39^Ar step wise heating method. The age spectra, 39^Ar recoil loss and their controlling factors were investigated systematically. The 40^Ar/39^Ar ages were compared with the conventional K/Ar ages of identical clay fractions. The clay in the SBS reservoirs is dominated by orderly mixed-layer illite/smectite（I/S） with 5%–30% smectite layers. The I/S minerals morphology comprises primarily honeycomb, short filamentous and curved-lath particles, characteristic of authigenic illites. The unencapsulated 40^Ar/39^Ar total gas ages（UTGA） of the authigenic illites range from 188.56 ± 6.20 Ma to 491.86 ± 27.68 Ma, which are 7% to 103% older than the corresponding K/Ar ages of 124.87 ± 1.11 Ma to 383.45 ± 2.80 Ma, respectively. The K-Ar ages indicate multistage accumulations with distinct distribution patterns in the Tarim Basin： older（late Caledonian-early Hercynian） around the basin margin, younger（late Hercynian） in the basin centre, and the youngest（middle to late Yanshanian） in the Ha-6 well-block, central area of the North Uplift. The age difference is believed to have been caused by the 39^Ar recoil loss during the irradiation process. Compared with the K/Ar ages, the estimated 39^Ar recoil losses in this study are in the range from 7% to 51%. The 39^Ar recoil loss appears to increase not only with the decreasing particle sizes of the I/S, but also with increasing percentage of smectite layers（IR） of the I/S, and smectite layer content（SLC） of the samples. We conclude that due to significant 39^Ar recoil losses, UTGA may not offer any meaningful geological ages of the authigenic illite formation in the SBS and thus can not be used to represent the hydrocarbon charge timing. 39^Ar recoil losses during 40^Ar/39^Ar dating can not be neglected when dating fine authigenic illite, especially when the ordered mixed-layer I/S containing small amount of smectite layers（IR30%） in the reservoir formations. Compared with the unencapsulated Ar-Ar method, the conventional K-Ar method is less complicated, more accurate and reliable in dating authigenic illites in petroleum reservoirs.展开更多
文摘随着汽车轻量化策略的持续推进,作为汽车车身应用轻量化材料的铝合金板已成为汽车轻量化领域的研发重点,而连续铸轧技术是生产汽车车身铝板较为先进的技术之一。本文通过收集德温特创新索引国际专利数据库(DII)、普若凯斯特专利数据库(Proquest Dialog)等涉及连续铸轧生产铝汽车板的专利,利用汤姆森数据分析软件(Thomson Data Analyzer)等主流情报分析工具,对连续铸轧生产汽车板技术在全球的研发现状、态势及主要技术方向,以及美国铝业公司连续铸轧生产铝汽车板专利发展态势进行分析。
文摘输气管道和工业管道在功能、属性和技术上的区别往往被忽视,通常人们会误认为工业管道较输气管道在技术上更为复杂,要求上更为严格,因而在管理上可能对该两类管道的类别划分不清。分析可知,输气管道与工业管道虽然同属压力管道,但是两者功能和属性不同,所处自然环境及社会条件也不同,因此在设计、材料选用、焊接施工及生产运行的各个环节都有重大区别,主要体现在管道钢管壁厚计算公式、材料选用及材料体系、夏比冲击韧性试验温度及冲击功合格值、标准规范体系和焊接施工上。纵观美国ASME B 31.3《工艺管道》与ASME B 31.8《输气和配气管道系统》的编制历史变迁可知,输气管道与工业管道属于不同类别各自独立的管道体系,在技术上和管理上都应该立足于这个原则开展生产运行和管理工作。
文摘The Silurian bituminous sandstones（SBS） in the Tarim Basin, China are important basinwide reservoirs with an estimated area of approximately 249000 km^2. We investigated the ages of authigenic illites in the SBS reservoirs and constrained their formation timing by using the 40^Ar/39^Ar step wise heating method. The age spectra, 39^Ar recoil loss and their controlling factors were investigated systematically. The 40^Ar/39^Ar ages were compared with the conventional K/Ar ages of identical clay fractions. The clay in the SBS reservoirs is dominated by orderly mixed-layer illite/smectite（I/S） with 5%–30% smectite layers. The I/S minerals morphology comprises primarily honeycomb, short filamentous and curved-lath particles, characteristic of authigenic illites. The unencapsulated 40^Ar/39^Ar total gas ages（UTGA） of the authigenic illites range from 188.56 ± 6.20 Ma to 491.86 ± 27.68 Ma, which are 7% to 103% older than the corresponding K/Ar ages of 124.87 ± 1.11 Ma to 383.45 ± 2.80 Ma, respectively. The K-Ar ages indicate multistage accumulations with distinct distribution patterns in the Tarim Basin： older（late Caledonian-early Hercynian） around the basin margin, younger（late Hercynian） in the basin centre, and the youngest（middle to late Yanshanian） in the Ha-6 well-block, central area of the North Uplift. The age difference is believed to have been caused by the 39^Ar recoil loss during the irradiation process. Compared with the K/Ar ages, the estimated 39^Ar recoil losses in this study are in the range from 7% to 51%. The 39^Ar recoil loss appears to increase not only with the decreasing particle sizes of the I/S, but also with increasing percentage of smectite layers（IR） of the I/S, and smectite layer content（SLC） of the samples. We conclude that due to significant 39^Ar recoil losses, UTGA may not offer any meaningful geological ages of the authigenic illite formation in the SBS and thus can not be used to represent the hydrocarbon charge timing. 39^Ar recoil losses during 40^Ar/39^Ar dating can not be neglected when dating fine authigenic illite, especially when the ordered mixed-layer I/S containing small amount of smectite layers（IR30%） in the reservoir formations. Compared with the unencapsulated Ar-Ar method, the conventional K-Ar method is less complicated, more accurate and reliable in dating authigenic illites in petroleum reservoirs.
