“十四五”时期是中国实现碳达峰的关键时期,也是推动经济高质量发展和生态环境质量持续改善的重要阶段。可拓展的随机性环境影响评估(Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population,Affluence,and Technology,STIRPAT)模型可以根据...“十四五”时期是中国实现碳达峰的关键时期,也是推动经济高质量发展和生态环境质量持续改善的重要阶段。可拓展的随机性环境影响评估(Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population,Affluence,and Technology,STIRPAT)模型可以根据研究需要增加自变量,更好地分析相关因素对因变量的影响。以北京市为研究区,通过构建扩展的STIRPAT模型,分析人均地区生产总值(Gross Domestic Product,GDP)、人均汽车保有量、城市化率、第三产业GDP占比、能源消费强度与人均碳排放量的关系,并采用对数平均迪氏指数(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index,LMDI)分解法分解能源消费强度。结果表明,产业结构和能源消费强度对人均碳排放量均有显著的正向影响。总体来看,要平衡经济发展与碳排放的关系,提高能源利用效率,推广可再生能源,降低能源消耗,减少碳排放。展开更多
目的探讨在以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)中融入循证医学教育(evidence-based medical education,EBME)模式在食管癌住院医师规范化培训教学中的效果。方法选取2018年10月—2019年10月在徐州医科大学附属医院胸外...目的探讨在以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)中融入循证医学教育(evidence-based medical education,EBME)模式在食管癌住院医师规范化培训教学中的效果。方法选取2018年10月—2019年10月在徐州医科大学附属医院胸外科进行住院医师规范化培训的60名临床住院医师,按照随机的原则将其分为PBL联合EBME组(试验组)和LBL(对照组),每组30名。试验组和对照组分别采用EBME结合PBL教学法及传统教学法进行教学。两组均通过成绩考核和问卷调查形式进行效果评价。结果试验组医师在理论知识掌握、实践技能和病案分析方面优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且在调查问卷的项目如学习兴趣、自学能力、文献检索能力、临床思维能力、医患沟通能力及且对于教学模式的认同率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论融入循证医学的PBL教学模式相比传统教学方法,有多面的优势,在食管癌住院医师规范化培训临床教学实践中获得较好的教学效果。展开更多
Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase(GPAT) is considered as the rate-limiting enzyme of glycerolipid synthesis pathway and the core element in lysophosphatidic acid(LPA) synthesis. For understanding its catalytic mech...Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase(GPAT) is considered as the rate-limiting enzyme of glycerolipid synthesis pathway and the core element in lysophosphatidic acid(LPA) synthesis. For understanding its catalytic mechanism, the structural biology study is expected, but is always hindered by obtaining crystals for X-ray diffraction analysis. In this study, a progressive strategy to optimize the crystal of microalgae plastidial GPAT was presented. After the expression and purification of GPAT, the crystals were screened by hanging-drop and only clusters were obtained. The crystals were optimized by adjusting temperature, pH, protein concentration, or precipitant, but little improvement. To improve the interaction between protein and precipitant, the isopropanol was applied as co-precipitant. The qualified crystals formed. It's suggested that isopropanol is critical to affect protein crystallization by altering polyethylene glycol(PEG)-water-protein interaction when PEG serves as precipitant. The resulting crystal diffracted to a resolution of 2.75 ? and belonged to space group P1, with unit-cell parameters a = 50.79, b = 80.09, c = 88.21 ?, and α = 62.85, β = 73.04, γ = 80.53?. This work introduced a new strategy to optimize the crystal of the heterogeneous catalysis enzymes like GPAT and provided the fundamental structural information for the oriented synthesis of marine microalgae glycerolipid.展开更多
文摘“十四五”时期是中国实现碳达峰的关键时期,也是推动经济高质量发展和生态环境质量持续改善的重要阶段。可拓展的随机性环境影响评估(Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population,Affluence,and Technology,STIRPAT)模型可以根据研究需要增加自变量,更好地分析相关因素对因变量的影响。以北京市为研究区,通过构建扩展的STIRPAT模型,分析人均地区生产总值(Gross Domestic Product,GDP)、人均汽车保有量、城市化率、第三产业GDP占比、能源消费强度与人均碳排放量的关系,并采用对数平均迪氏指数(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index,LMDI)分解法分解能源消费强度。结果表明,产业结构和能源消费强度对人均碳排放量均有显著的正向影响。总体来看,要平衡经济发展与碳排放的关系,提高能源利用效率,推广可再生能源,降低能源消耗,减少碳排放。
文摘目的探讨在以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)中融入循证医学教育(evidence-based medical education,EBME)模式在食管癌住院医师规范化培训教学中的效果。方法选取2018年10月—2019年10月在徐州医科大学附属医院胸外科进行住院医师规范化培训的60名临床住院医师,按照随机的原则将其分为PBL联合EBME组(试验组)和LBL(对照组),每组30名。试验组和对照组分别采用EBME结合PBL教学法及传统教学法进行教学。两组均通过成绩考核和问卷调查形式进行效果评价。结果试验组医师在理论知识掌握、实践技能和病案分析方面优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且在调查问卷的项目如学习兴趣、自学能力、文献检索能力、临床思维能力、医患沟通能力及且对于教学模式的认同率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论融入循证医学的PBL教学模式相比传统教学方法,有多面的优势,在食管癌住院医师规范化培训临床教学实践中获得较好的教学效果。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21576253, 31500294 and 31470432)
文摘Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase(GPAT) is considered as the rate-limiting enzyme of glycerolipid synthesis pathway and the core element in lysophosphatidic acid(LPA) synthesis. For understanding its catalytic mechanism, the structural biology study is expected, but is always hindered by obtaining crystals for X-ray diffraction analysis. In this study, a progressive strategy to optimize the crystal of microalgae plastidial GPAT was presented. After the expression and purification of GPAT, the crystals were screened by hanging-drop and only clusters were obtained. The crystals were optimized by adjusting temperature, pH, protein concentration, or precipitant, but little improvement. To improve the interaction between protein and precipitant, the isopropanol was applied as co-precipitant. The qualified crystals formed. It's suggested that isopropanol is critical to affect protein crystallization by altering polyethylene glycol(PEG)-water-protein interaction when PEG serves as precipitant. The resulting crystal diffracted to a resolution of 2.75 ? and belonged to space group P1, with unit-cell parameters a = 50.79, b = 80.09, c = 88.21 ?, and α = 62.85, β = 73.04, γ = 80.53?. This work introduced a new strategy to optimize the crystal of the heterogeneous catalysis enzymes like GPAT and provided the fundamental structural information for the oriented synthesis of marine microalgae glycerolipid.
