生命组学大数据是国家重要基础性、战略性资源,对支撑生命科学基础研究和应用创新、推动生物经济创新发展、维护国家安全具有重要意义。随着数据规模的不断增长,生命组学大数据的安全管理问题逐渐凸显。国家基因组科学数据中心(National...生命组学大数据是国家重要基础性、战略性资源,对支撑生命科学基础研究和应用创新、推动生物经济创新发展、维护国家安全具有重要意义。随着数据规模的不断增长,生命组学大数据的安全管理问题逐渐凸显。国家基因组科学数据中心(National Genomics Data Center,NGDC)面向我国人口健康和社会可持续发展的重大战略需求,建立了生命与健康大数据汇交存储、安全管理、开放共享与整合挖掘研究体系,形成了一系列数据安全管理的制度和措施。本文聚焦于生命组学大数据全生命周期的安全管理问题,探讨生命组学大数据安全管理框架,全面分析在数据汇交、存储、管理、共享全生命周期中涉及的安全管理内容,并总结了NGDC在生命组学大数据安全管理方面的成效。最后,本文展望了生命组学大数据安全管理的发展方向,包括完善数据分级分类制度、提升数据分级安全管理技术和加强数据异地灾备建设,以期实现生命组学大数据的安全管理与可持续发展。展开更多
The valence states and coordination structures of doped heterometal atoms in two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials lack predictable regulation strategies.Hence,a robust method is proposed to form unsaturated heteroatom clu...The valence states and coordination structures of doped heterometal atoms in two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials lack predictable regulation strategies.Hence,a robust method is proposed to form unsaturated heteroatom clusters via the metal-vacancy restraint mechanism,which can precisely regulate the bonding and valence state of heterometal atoms doped in 2D molybdenum disulfide.The unsaturated valence state of heterometal Pt and Ru cluster atoms form a spatial coordination structure with Pt–S and Ru–O–S as catalytically active sites.Among them,the strong binding energy of negatively charged suspended S and O sites for H+,as well as the weak adsorption of positively charged unsaturated heterometal atoms for H*,reduces the energy barrier of the hydrogen evolution reaction proved by theoretical calculation.Whereupon,the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance is markedly improved by the ensemble effect of unsaturated heterometal atoms and highlighted with an overpotential of 84 mV and Tafel slope of 68.5 mV dec^(−1).In brief,this metal vacancy-induced valence state regulation of heterometal can manipulate the coordination structure and catalytic activity of heterometal atoms doped in the 2D atomic lattice but not limited to 2D nanomaterials.展开更多
文摘生命组学大数据是国家重要基础性、战略性资源,对支撑生命科学基础研究和应用创新、推动生物经济创新发展、维护国家安全具有重要意义。随着数据规模的不断增长,生命组学大数据的安全管理问题逐渐凸显。国家基因组科学数据中心(National Genomics Data Center,NGDC)面向我国人口健康和社会可持续发展的重大战略需求,建立了生命与健康大数据汇交存储、安全管理、开放共享与整合挖掘研究体系,形成了一系列数据安全管理的制度和措施。本文聚焦于生命组学大数据全生命周期的安全管理问题,探讨生命组学大数据安全管理框架,全面分析在数据汇交、存储、管理、共享全生命周期中涉及的安全管理内容,并总结了NGDC在生命组学大数据安全管理方面的成效。最后,本文展望了生命组学大数据安全管理的发展方向,包括完善数据分级分类制度、提升数据分级安全管理技术和加强数据异地灾备建设,以期实现生命组学大数据的安全管理与可持续发展。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22205209,52202373 and U21A200972)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722867)Key Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(23A530001)。
文摘The valence states and coordination structures of doped heterometal atoms in two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials lack predictable regulation strategies.Hence,a robust method is proposed to form unsaturated heteroatom clusters via the metal-vacancy restraint mechanism,which can precisely regulate the bonding and valence state of heterometal atoms doped in 2D molybdenum disulfide.The unsaturated valence state of heterometal Pt and Ru cluster atoms form a spatial coordination structure with Pt–S and Ru–O–S as catalytically active sites.Among them,the strong binding energy of negatively charged suspended S and O sites for H+,as well as the weak adsorption of positively charged unsaturated heterometal atoms for H*,reduces the energy barrier of the hydrogen evolution reaction proved by theoretical calculation.Whereupon,the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance is markedly improved by the ensemble effect of unsaturated heterometal atoms and highlighted with an overpotential of 84 mV and Tafel slope of 68.5 mV dec^(−1).In brief,this metal vacancy-induced valence state regulation of heterometal can manipulate the coordination structure and catalytic activity of heterometal atoms doped in the 2D atomic lattice but not limited to 2D nanomaterials.
