The volatiles, absorbed by Porapak Q and eluted by hexane, from Chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris chinesis (L.) Makino. van communis Tsen et Lee, have been identified as allyl isothiocyanate, Z-3-hexenyl acetate, 3...The volatiles, absorbed by Porapak Q and eluted by hexane, from Chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris chinesis (L.) Makino. van communis Tsen et Lee, have been identified as allyl isothiocyanate, Z-3-hexenyl acetate, 3,7-dimethyl-l,3,6-octatriene, 2,5-hexanediol, Z-3-hexen-l-ol, nonanol, β-myrcene, α-pinene, E-2-hexen-l-ol, D-limonene, Z-3-hexenyl propanoate, linalool, geraniol, E-4-hexen-l-ol, Z-3-hexenyl isovalerate, α-terpinene, β-caryophyllene, 3-carene and α-caryophyllene, by their mass spectra and retention times in comparison with authentic samples. The first five chemicals are the main components. All components can elicite electroantennogram (EAG) responses of dia-mondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, in which allyl isothiocyanate and C6 alcohols and esters, i.e. Z-3-hexen-l-ol, E-2-hexen-l-ol, E-4-hexen-l-ol, Z-3-hexenyl isovalerate and 2,5-hexanediol elicite stronger EAG responses than other components, and EAG responses of female moths to them are slightly larger than those of male展开更多
Pheromone gland extracts of the fall webworm,Hyphantria cunea(Lepidoptera:Arctiidae) were analyzed by gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Based on comparison of retention times and m...Pheromone gland extracts of the fall webworm,Hyphantria cunea(Lepidoptera:Arctiidae) were analyzed by gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Based on comparison of retention times and mass spectra of synthetic standards,four compounds were identi-fied as(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienal,(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienal,(3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-epoxy-3,6-heneicosadiene and(3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-epoxy-1,3,6-heneicosatriene with a ratio of 2:33.6:58.4:6.Trapping tests showed that quaternary blend of these compounds was highly attractive to male H.cunea.Unitraps baited with the quaternary blend loading of 200―300 μg on a gray rubber septum were very effective for monitoring H.cunea populations.展开更多
Microcapsules of sex pheromone of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) were synthesized through complex coacervation using gelatin and gum arabic as wall-forming materials. The en...Microcapsules of sex pheromone of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) were synthesized through complex coacervation using gelatin and gum arabic as wall-forming materials. The encapsulated pheromone released from these microcapsules into the air was monitored over six weeks in the field. Results of a field trial show that the attractiveness of microcapsules was superior to that of rubber septa loaded with the same amount of pheromone. The mating disruption efficiency of the pheromone treatment was estimated through comparing numbers of moths captured in pheromone-baited traps placed in pheromone treatment fields and pesticide treatment fields. The estimated mating disruption efficiency of the pheromone treatments ranged from 76.94% to 98.67% during the season. This study shows that pheromone microcapsules might provide a new method for P. xylostella control.展开更多
Electroantennogram responses of fall webworms(Hyphantria cunea) to 55 host volatile compounds were conducted.Results showed that male moths were more responsive to trans-2-hexenyl acetate,nonanal,hexanal,trans-2-hexen...Electroantennogram responses of fall webworms(Hyphantria cunea) to 55 host volatile compounds were conducted.Results showed that male moths were more responsive to trans-2-hexenyl acetate,nonanal,hexanal,trans-2-hexenal,hexanol,isoamyl acetate,acetic acid cis-3-hexenyl ester,ethyl acetoacetate,citronellal and(+)-citronellal,and females were more responsive to hexanol,hexanal,acetophenone,isoamyl acetate,nonanal,trans-2-hexenal,acetic acid cis-3-hexenyl ester,citronellal,cis-3-hexen1-ol and trans-2-hexen-1-ol.Seven bioactive compounds were also selected for further dosage response experiments,and a positive correlation was found between the fall webworm and the tested compounds.A maximum dosage level of 1000 g was tested and found to elicit significantly higher activity from male moths compared with lower(1,10,100 g) concentrations.展开更多
The mechanism of hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) generation plays a key role in the exploration and development of marine high-sulfur natural gas, of which the major targets are the composition and isotope characteristics of s...The mechanism of hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) generation plays a key role in the exploration and development of marine high-sulfur natural gas, of which the major targets are the composition and isotope characteristics of sulfur-containing compounds.Hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoir rocks, natural gases and water-soluble gases from Sichuan Basin have been analyzed with an online method for the content of H_2S and isotopic composition of different sulfur-containing compounds. The results of comparative analysis show that the sulfur-containing compounds in the source rocks are mainly formed by bacterial sulfate reduction(BSR), and the sulfur compounds in natural gas, water and reservoir are mainly formed by thermal sulfate reduction(TSR). Moreover, it has been shown that the isotopically reversion for methane and ethane in high sulfur content gas is caused by TSR. The sulfur isotopic composition of H_2S in natural gas is inherited from the gypsum or brine of the same or adjacent layer,indicating that the generation and accumulation of H_2S have the characteristics of either a self-generated source or a near-source.展开更多
A study on the structure-activty relationship between (Z)-hexadec-9-enal (Z-9-16:Ald) and its analog was conducted by comparing the structures of the sex pheromone of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner...A study on the structure-activty relationship between (Z)-hexadec-9-enal (Z-9-16:Ald) and its analog was conducted by comparing the structures of the sex pheromone of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) with its fluorinated analog using computer molecular fitting. It is demonstrated that the structure of analog substituting for hydrogen atom on the terminal carbon atom is similar to Z-9-16:Ald. The EAG result showed that there is no signifi- cant difference in activities between Z-9-16:Ald and its fluorinated analog synthesized.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Post Doctor Science Foundation of China (Grant No. [2000]31) the National Key Basic Research and Development Program (Grant No. G20000162).
文摘The volatiles, absorbed by Porapak Q and eluted by hexane, from Chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris chinesis (L.) Makino. van communis Tsen et Lee, have been identified as allyl isothiocyanate, Z-3-hexenyl acetate, 3,7-dimethyl-l,3,6-octatriene, 2,5-hexanediol, Z-3-hexen-l-ol, nonanol, β-myrcene, α-pinene, E-2-hexen-l-ol, D-limonene, Z-3-hexenyl propanoate, linalool, geraniol, E-4-hexen-l-ol, Z-3-hexenyl isovalerate, α-terpinene, β-caryophyllene, 3-carene and α-caryophyllene, by their mass spectra and retention times in comparison with authentic samples. The first five chemicals are the main components. All components can elicite electroantennogram (EAG) responses of dia-mondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, in which allyl isothiocyanate and C6 alcohols and esters, i.e. Z-3-hexen-l-ol, E-2-hexen-l-ol, E-4-hexen-l-ol, Z-3-hexenyl isovalerate and 2,5-hexanediol elicite stronger EAG responses than other components, and EAG responses of female moths to them are slightly larger than those of male
基金Supported by the Beijing Science and Technology Program (Grant No. D0705002040391)Beijing Natural Science Foundation Program (Grant No. 6052018)
文摘Pheromone gland extracts of the fall webworm,Hyphantria cunea(Lepidoptera:Arctiidae) were analyzed by gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Based on comparison of retention times and mass spectra of synthetic standards,four compounds were identi-fied as(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienal,(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienal,(3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-epoxy-3,6-heneicosadiene and(3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-epoxy-1,3,6-heneicosatriene with a ratio of 2:33.6:58.4:6.Trapping tests showed that quaternary blend of these compounds was highly attractive to male H.cunea.Unitraps baited with the quaternary blend loading of 200―300 μg on a gray rubber septum were very effective for monitoring H.cunea populations.
基金Supported by the Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KSCX2-1-02)
文摘Microcapsules of sex pheromone of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) were synthesized through complex coacervation using gelatin and gum arabic as wall-forming materials. The encapsulated pheromone released from these microcapsules into the air was monitored over six weeks in the field. Results of a field trial show that the attractiveness of microcapsules was superior to that of rubber septa loaded with the same amount of pheromone. The mating disruption efficiency of the pheromone treatment was estimated through comparing numbers of moths captured in pheromone-baited traps placed in pheromone treatment fields and pesticide treatment fields. The estimated mating disruption efficiency of the pheromone treatments ranged from 76.94% to 98.67% during the season. This study shows that pheromone microcapsules might provide a new method for P. xylostella control.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB119204)
文摘Electroantennogram responses of fall webworms(Hyphantria cunea) to 55 host volatile compounds were conducted.Results showed that male moths were more responsive to trans-2-hexenyl acetate,nonanal,hexanal,trans-2-hexenal,hexanol,isoamyl acetate,acetic acid cis-3-hexenyl ester,ethyl acetoacetate,citronellal and(+)-citronellal,and females were more responsive to hexanol,hexanal,acetophenone,isoamyl acetate,nonanal,trans-2-hexenal,acetic acid cis-3-hexenyl ester,citronellal,cis-3-hexen1-ol and trans-2-hexen-1-ol.Seven bioactive compounds were also selected for further dosage response experiments,and a positive correlation was found between the fall webworm and the tested compounds.A maximum dosage level of 1000 g was tested and found to elicit significantly higher activity from male moths compared with lower(1,10,100 g) concentrations.
文摘The mechanism of hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) generation plays a key role in the exploration and development of marine high-sulfur natural gas, of which the major targets are the composition and isotope characteristics of sulfur-containing compounds.Hydrocarbon source rocks, reservoir rocks, natural gases and water-soluble gases from Sichuan Basin have been analyzed with an online method for the content of H_2S and isotopic composition of different sulfur-containing compounds. The results of comparative analysis show that the sulfur-containing compounds in the source rocks are mainly formed by bacterial sulfate reduction(BSR), and the sulfur compounds in natural gas, water and reservoir are mainly formed by thermal sulfate reduction(TSR). Moreover, it has been shown that the isotopically reversion for methane and ethane in high sulfur content gas is caused by TSR. The sulfur isotopic composition of H_2S in natural gas is inherited from the gypsum or brine of the same or adjacent layer,indicating that the generation and accumulation of H_2S have the characteristics of either a self-generated source or a near-source.
文摘A study on the structure-activty relationship between (Z)-hexadec-9-enal (Z-9-16:Ald) and its analog was conducted by comparing the structures of the sex pheromone of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) with its fluorinated analog using computer molecular fitting. It is demonstrated that the structure of analog substituting for hydrogen atom on the terminal carbon atom is similar to Z-9-16:Ald. The EAG result showed that there is no signifi- cant difference in activities between Z-9-16:Ald and its fluorinated analog synthesized.
