In order to explore systematically the physiological mechanism of high yield cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Xinjiang, and further improve yield, the yield components were compared between three ecological regions....In order to explore systematically the physiological mechanism of high yield cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Xinjiang, and further improve yield, the yield components were compared between three ecological regions. Boll number per plant was lower in South and North Xinjiang, but the harvested plant population were nearly 1.5 times higher than that in Nangong, so total boll numbers per unit area were greater in South and North Xinjiang. Weight per boll in south and north of Xinjiang was 5.896.50 g and 5.43 6.12 g respectively, 24 to 51% heavier than that in Nangong. The diurnal temperature difference between day and night was relatively greater in Xinjiang than in Nangong, benefitting the accumulation of photosynthetic product in bolls. The temperature difference and total hours of sunshine in boll period are the main reasons for cottons higher boll weight and yield in Xinjiang than in Nangong.展开更多
Under-mulch-drip irrigation is an advanced irrigation technique, which combines plastic-film-covered cultivation with drip irrigation. The influence of different norms of under-mulch-drip irrigation on di-urnal change...Under-mulch-drip irrigation is an advanced irrigation technique, which combines plastic-film-covered cultivation with drip irrigation. The influence of different norms of under-mulch-drip irrigation on di-urnal changes of photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of cotton was studied, in orderto understand the physiological mechanisms of water-saving and high-yielding farming in Xinjiang. Results in-dicated that limited drip irrigation, which supplies 2/3 of 375 m3 ha-1 , the widely-used irrigation norm in cot-ton cultivation in Xinjiang, caused a water deficit in cotton field. Compared with the proper drip irrigation,the leaf photosynthetic rate under limited drip irrigation decreased during 9:00 to 11:00 a. m., and was sig-nificantly suppressed at midday, and then recovered afterwards. Using the chlorophyll fluorescence method,the absorption, transfer and transformation features of solar radiation by cotton leaf were investigated. Underlimited drip irrigation, the variable fluorescence (Fy) and primary light transfer efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm)in cotton leaves were reduced because of the high light intensities and high temperatures at noon, and the de-crease in Xinluzao8 was greater than that in Xinluzao6. Therefore, it could be concluded that Xinluzao6 has ahigher drought-tolerance, and the Fv/Fm ratio could be used as a drought-resistance index for cotton.展开更多
文摘In order to explore systematically the physiological mechanism of high yield cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Xinjiang, and further improve yield, the yield components were compared between three ecological regions. Boll number per plant was lower in South and North Xinjiang, but the harvested plant population were nearly 1.5 times higher than that in Nangong, so total boll numbers per unit area were greater in South and North Xinjiang. Weight per boll in south and north of Xinjiang was 5.896.50 g and 5.43 6.12 g respectively, 24 to 51% heavier than that in Nangong. The diurnal temperature difference between day and night was relatively greater in Xinjiang than in Nangong, benefitting the accumulation of photosynthetic product in bolls. The temperature difference and total hours of sunshine in boll period are the main reasons for cottons higher boll weight and yield in Xinjiang than in Nangong.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(39960037).
文摘Under-mulch-drip irrigation is an advanced irrigation technique, which combines plastic-film-covered cultivation with drip irrigation. The influence of different norms of under-mulch-drip irrigation on di-urnal changes of photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of cotton was studied, in orderto understand the physiological mechanisms of water-saving and high-yielding farming in Xinjiang. Results in-dicated that limited drip irrigation, which supplies 2/3 of 375 m3 ha-1 , the widely-used irrigation norm in cot-ton cultivation in Xinjiang, caused a water deficit in cotton field. Compared with the proper drip irrigation,the leaf photosynthetic rate under limited drip irrigation decreased during 9:00 to 11:00 a. m., and was sig-nificantly suppressed at midday, and then recovered afterwards. Using the chlorophyll fluorescence method,the absorption, transfer and transformation features of solar radiation by cotton leaf were investigated. Underlimited drip irrigation, the variable fluorescence (Fy) and primary light transfer efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm)in cotton leaves were reduced because of the high light intensities and high temperatures at noon, and the de-crease in Xinluzao8 was greater than that in Xinluzao6. Therefore, it could be concluded that Xinluzao6 has ahigher drought-tolerance, and the Fv/Fm ratio could be used as a drought-resistance index for cotton.
