The contribution of iron and aluminum oxides to electrokinetic characteristics of variable charge soils was studied through determination of electrophoretic mobilities of the red soils treated with either removal of i...The contribution of iron and aluminum oxides to electrokinetic characteristics of variable charge soils was studied through determination of electrophoretic mobilities of the red soils treated with either removal of iron oxides or coating of aluminum oxides,and of those deferrated under natural conditions.After removal of the iron oxides,zeta potentials of the latosol and the red earth decreased obviously with a shift of IEP to a lower pH,from 6.4 to 5.3 and 4.1 to 2.4 for the former and the latter,respectively,and the electrokinetic change for the latosol was greater than for the red earth.Zeta potentials of the kaolinite sample increased markedly after coated with iron oxides.The striking effect of iron oxides on electrokinetix properties of the soils was also demonstrated by the electrokinetic differences between the samples from the red and white zones of a plinthitic horizon formed naturally,and between the samples from the gley and bottom horizons of a paddy soil derived from a red earth.The coatings of aluminum oxides on the latosol and the yellow earth made their zeta potentials rise pronouncedly and their IEFs move toward higher pHs,from 6.2 to 6.8 and 4.3 to 5.3 for the former and the latter,respectively.The samples with different particle sizes also exhibited some electrokinetic variation.The experiment showed that the effects of iron and aluminum oxides were closely related to the pH and type of the soils.展开更多
In the present work,the adsorption of sulfate and fluoride by two oxisols was studied,and during the adsorption OH^- released from soils were measured and the change in surface charge carried by one of the soils after...In the present work,the adsorption of sulfate and fluoride by two oxisols was studied,and during the adsorption OH^- released from soils were measured and the change in surface charge carried by one of the soils after the adsorption of fluoride was examined.The results show that the adsorption of sulfate by oxisols and the release of OH^- from oxisols both increased with the increase of sulfate added at a constant pH,but decreased when pH became higher gradually.The adsorption and release both decreased markedly after removal of iron oxide.The ratio of OH^- to SO4^2- for Fe-removed soils decreased to 15-34% of the original soils.These results suggest that iron oxide was the chief carrier of hydroxyl proups capable of ligand exchange with sulfate in oxisols. Compared with sulfate,however,the amount of fluoride adsorbed,OH^- released during the adsorption of fluoride and the ratio of OH^- to F^- were much larger.The effect of iron oxide on the adsorption of fluoride by oxisols was smaller than that on the adsorption of sulfate.The ratios of OH^- to F^- for an oxisol from Brazil were 0.62 and 0.48 respectively before and after removal of free iron oxides.This implied that iron oxide only provided a small amount of exchangeable hydroxyl groups capable of ligand exchange with fluoride in oxisol.The research results indicate that among the factors inducing the changes in some properties of oxisols after adsorption of fluoride,the role became less important in the sequence of the release of OH^-> the increase of negative charge> the decrease of positive charge.展开更多
文摘The contribution of iron and aluminum oxides to electrokinetic characteristics of variable charge soils was studied through determination of electrophoretic mobilities of the red soils treated with either removal of iron oxides or coating of aluminum oxides,and of those deferrated under natural conditions.After removal of the iron oxides,zeta potentials of the latosol and the red earth decreased obviously with a shift of IEP to a lower pH,from 6.4 to 5.3 and 4.1 to 2.4 for the former and the latter,respectively,and the electrokinetic change for the latosol was greater than for the red earth.Zeta potentials of the kaolinite sample increased markedly after coated with iron oxides.The striking effect of iron oxides on electrokinetix properties of the soils was also demonstrated by the electrokinetic differences between the samples from the red and white zones of a plinthitic horizon formed naturally,and between the samples from the gley and bottom horizons of a paddy soil derived from a red earth.The coatings of aluminum oxides on the latosol and the yellow earth made their zeta potentials rise pronouncedly and their IEFs move toward higher pHs,from 6.2 to 6.8 and 4.3 to 5.3 for the former and the latter,respectively.The samples with different particle sizes also exhibited some electrokinetic variation.The experiment showed that the effects of iron and aluminum oxides were closely related to the pH and type of the soils.
文摘In the present work,the adsorption of sulfate and fluoride by two oxisols was studied,and during the adsorption OH^- released from soils were measured and the change in surface charge carried by one of the soils after the adsorption of fluoride was examined.The results show that the adsorption of sulfate by oxisols and the release of OH^- from oxisols both increased with the increase of sulfate added at a constant pH,but decreased when pH became higher gradually.The adsorption and release both decreased markedly after removal of iron oxide.The ratio of OH^- to SO4^2- for Fe-removed soils decreased to 15-34% of the original soils.These results suggest that iron oxide was the chief carrier of hydroxyl proups capable of ligand exchange with sulfate in oxisols. Compared with sulfate,however,the amount of fluoride adsorbed,OH^- released during the adsorption of fluoride and the ratio of OH^- to F^- were much larger.The effect of iron oxide on the adsorption of fluoride by oxisols was smaller than that on the adsorption of sulfate.The ratios of OH^- to F^- for an oxisol from Brazil were 0.62 and 0.48 respectively before and after removal of free iron oxides.This implied that iron oxide only provided a small amount of exchangeable hydroxyl groups capable of ligand exchange with fluoride in oxisol.The research results indicate that among the factors inducing the changes in some properties of oxisols after adsorption of fluoride,the role became less important in the sequence of the release of OH^-> the increase of negative charge> the decrease of positive charge.
