Background Cytomegalovirus （CMV） retinitis is the most severe intraocular complication that results in total retinal destruction and loss of visual acuity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （AIDS）...Background Cytomegalovirus （CMV） retinitis is the most severe intraocular complication that results in total retinal destruction and loss of visual acuity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （AIDS）. This study aimed to investigate the fundus characteristics, systemic manifestations and therapeutic outcomes of CMV retinitis associated with AIDS.Methods It was a retrospective case series. CMV retinitis was present in 39 eyes （25 patients）. Best corrected visual acuities, anterior segment, fundus features, fundus fluorescence angiography （FFA） and CD4＋ T-lymphocyte counts of the patients with CMV retinitis associated with AIDS were analyzed. Intravitreal injections of ganciclovir （400 μg） were performed in 4 eyes （2 patients）.Results Retinal vasculitis, dense, full-thickness, yellow-white lesions along vascular distribution with irregular granules at the border, and hemorrhage on the retinal surface were present in 28 eyes. The vitreous was clear or mildly opaque.Late stage of the retinopathy was demonstrated in 8 eyes characterized as atrophic retina, sclerotic and attenuated vessels, retinal pigment epithelium （RPE） atrophy, and optic nerve atrophy. Retinal detachment was found in 3 eyes. The average CD4＋ T-lymphocyte count in peripheral blood of the patients with CMV retinitis was （30.6±25.3） ×106/L （range,（0-85） × 106/L）. After intravitreal injections of ganciclovir, visual acuity was improved and fundus lesions regressed.Conclusions CMV retinitis is the most severe and the most common intraocular complication in patients with AIDS. For the patients with yellow-white retinal lesions, hemorrhage and retinal vasculitis without clear cause, human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） serology should be performed. Routine eye examination is also indicated in HIV positive patients.展开更多
Background Travoprost has been widely used for the treatment of patients with open-angle glaucoma （OAG） or ocular hypertension （OH）. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraocular pressure （lOP） lowering ...Background Travoprost has been widely used for the treatment of patients with open-angle glaucoma （OAG） or ocular hypertension （OH）. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraocular pressure （lOP） lowering efficacy of travoprost 0.004% monotherapy in patients previously treated with other topical hypotensive medications, and in previously untreated patients. Methods This open-label, 12-week study in 1651 adult patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma who were untreated or required a change in therapy （due to either inadequate efficacy or safety issues） as judged by the investigator was conducted at 6 sites in China. Previously treated patients were instructed to discontinue their prior medications at the first visit. All the patients were dosed with travoprost 0.004% once-daily at 8 p.m. in both eyes for 12 weeks. Efficacy and safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 and 12. lOP measurements were performed at the same time of day at the follow-up visits. Results For patients transitioned to travoprost, mean lOP reductions from baseline in untreated and treated patients with different prior medications at week 12 were： latanoprost, （4.3±4.6） mmHg; β-blocker, （6.3±4.0） mmHg; α-agonist, （7.5±4.3） mmHg; topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, （8.0±4.9） mmHg. All mean lOP changes from baseline were statistically significant （P 〈0.001）. No treatment-related serious adverse events were reported in this study. Conclusions In patients treated with other hypotensive medications or untreated, the lOP reduction with travoprost was significant. The results of this study demonstrated the potential benefit of using travoprost as a replacement therapy in order to ensure adequate lOP control. Travoprost administered once daily was safe and well tolerated in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.展开更多
文摘Background Cytomegalovirus （CMV） retinitis is the most severe intraocular complication that results in total retinal destruction and loss of visual acuity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （AIDS）. This study aimed to investigate the fundus characteristics, systemic manifestations and therapeutic outcomes of CMV retinitis associated with AIDS.Methods It was a retrospective case series. CMV retinitis was present in 39 eyes （25 patients）. Best corrected visual acuities, anterior segment, fundus features, fundus fluorescence angiography （FFA） and CD4＋ T-lymphocyte counts of the patients with CMV retinitis associated with AIDS were analyzed. Intravitreal injections of ganciclovir （400 μg） were performed in 4 eyes （2 patients）.Results Retinal vasculitis, dense, full-thickness, yellow-white lesions along vascular distribution with irregular granules at the border, and hemorrhage on the retinal surface were present in 28 eyes. The vitreous was clear or mildly opaque.Late stage of the retinopathy was demonstrated in 8 eyes characterized as atrophic retina, sclerotic and attenuated vessels, retinal pigment epithelium （RPE） atrophy, and optic nerve atrophy. Retinal detachment was found in 3 eyes. The average CD4＋ T-lymphocyte count in peripheral blood of the patients with CMV retinitis was （30.6±25.3） ×106/L （range,（0-85） × 106/L）. After intravitreal injections of ganciclovir, visual acuity was improved and fundus lesions regressed.Conclusions CMV retinitis is the most severe and the most common intraocular complication in patients with AIDS. For the patients with yellow-white retinal lesions, hemorrhage and retinal vasculitis without clear cause, human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） serology should be performed. Routine eye examination is also indicated in HIV positive patients.
文摘Background Travoprost has been widely used for the treatment of patients with open-angle glaucoma （OAG） or ocular hypertension （OH）. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraocular pressure （lOP） lowering efficacy of travoprost 0.004% monotherapy in patients previously treated with other topical hypotensive medications, and in previously untreated patients. Methods This open-label, 12-week study in 1651 adult patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma who were untreated or required a change in therapy （due to either inadequate efficacy or safety issues） as judged by the investigator was conducted at 6 sites in China. Previously treated patients were instructed to discontinue their prior medications at the first visit. All the patients were dosed with travoprost 0.004% once-daily at 8 p.m. in both eyes for 12 weeks. Efficacy and safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 and 12. lOP measurements were performed at the same time of day at the follow-up visits. Results For patients transitioned to travoprost, mean lOP reductions from baseline in untreated and treated patients with different prior medications at week 12 were： latanoprost, （4.3±4.6） mmHg; β-blocker, （6.3±4.0） mmHg; α-agonist, （7.5±4.3） mmHg; topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, （8.0±4.9） mmHg. All mean lOP changes from baseline were statistically significant （P 〈0.001）. No treatment-related serious adverse events were reported in this study. Conclusions In patients treated with other hypotensive medications or untreated, the lOP reduction with travoprost was significant. The results of this study demonstrated the potential benefit of using travoprost as a replacement therapy in order to ensure adequate lOP control. Travoprost administered once daily was safe and well tolerated in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
