基于配网自动化的电缆配电环网短路故障定位与隔离方法

配电网闭环运行可有效提高供电可靠性,但传统的配网自动化DA针对开环运行模式,无法直接应用于闭环运行场景。基于支持分布式智能DA系统,本文提出了一种配电环网短路故障定位与隔离的方法。分析了闭环运行的电缆配电环网一次与二次构成,研究了配电环网不同位置发生短路故障时的正序电流故障分量相位特征,制定了环网柜状态与动作信号统一发送规则,构建了基于DA的电缆配电环网故障定位与隔离策略。基于PSCAD搭建了配电环网及其保护系统仿真模型,结果证明该方法可实现闭环运行与开环运行模式下配电网短路故障的准确定位与快速隔离。

Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Ignition and LBO Performances for Staged Combustor under Sub-Atmospheric Conditions

In order to effectively widen the high-altitude operating limits of the multi-swirl staged combustor,the ignition and lean blow-out(LBO)performances of the model combustor were experimentally acquired under the conditions of room temperature and sub-atmospheric pressure with the altitude ranging from 0 km to 12 km.Moreover,the isothermal flow fields inside a staged model combustor with different sub-atmospheric conditions were simulated.Experimental results show that the minimum ignition and LBO fuel-air ratio(FAR)increase rapidly with the increase of simulated altitude.In addition,as the relative pressure drop of injector increases from1%to 3%,the ignition and LBO performances are gradually improved.Side visualization of the flame by high-speed camera shows that the time-averaged flames under stable combustion have a similar distribution pattern under different pressure drops.The luminous intensity is stratified into dim-bright-dim layers along axial direction.The flame near LBO shrinks to the outlet of pilot stage with a great reduction in luminous intensity.The numerical results reveal that with the decrease of air pressure,the air mass flow rate involved in atomization and combustion is significantly reduced,and the aerodynamic shear force of swirling air is weakened,which are adverse to atomization and fuel-air mixing for airblast atomizer and further lead to the deterioration of ignition and LBO performances.

Experimental Investigation of Flame Dynamics Based on High-Speed Images in Swirl Combustion Systems

The interaction mechanism of internally-staged-swirling stratified flame is complex,and the pilot flame has a manifest influence on flame stability.To study this,a series of experimental investigations for the pilot flame has been carried out in a model swirl combustor by only supplying the pilot fuel.The CH*chemiluminescence images of the pilot flame are acquired by a high-speed camera with a CH*bandpass filter,whose dynamic characteristics are identified by image statistical analysis and proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)analysis.And the fast algorithm based on matrix theory proposed in this paper increases the operation efficiency and operability of POD.With the pilot equivalence ratioΦincrease,the pilot flame gradually shows an unstable state,whose POD energy distribution is significantly different.In the unstable state,the flame dynamics include three modes—spiral motion mode,flame shedding mode,and axial oscillation mode,whose formation reasons have also been further analyzed in combination with the experimental characteristics.And the fast Fourier transform(FFT)analysis of the time coefficients for the first four POD modes indicates all the dominant frequency is 280 Hz,which means the model combustor is in resonance.In addition,a sensitivity analysis based on the different image resolutions further reveals the robustness of the POD method and its optimization direction.These results emphasize the important influence of the pilot fuel flow rate on the stability of the pilot flame.

多级旋流空气雾化喷嘴高空气动雾化场的数值研究

为有效拓宽采用预膜式空气雾化喷嘴的多旋流分级燃烧室的稳定工作边界,在模型燃烧室上开展了高原及高空工况下气动雾化场的数值研究,采用经过实验验证的数值模拟方法获取了多旋流分级燃烧室的高空气动场和雾化场,分析了低温、低压进口条件对燃烧室流场结构和雾化质量的影响。结果表明:低温及低压进口工况对中心回流区的结构及尺度、速度分布影响较小,但低温会削弱旋流器出口湍动能强度,低压会显著降低旋流空气切向剪切力。相同旋流器压降下,低温、低压条件会造成气液比和韦伯数的降低,导致雾化粒径增大,液滴群轴向穿透深度增加。相关研究结论能够解释该类燃烧室高空点火困难的影响机制。