栽培芝麻分布、起源与驯化

芝麻是我国传统的优质油料作物,也是世界上广泛种植的六大油料作物之一。随着芝麻基因组物理图谱的发布,芝麻生物学研究越来越多,但其起源和驯化还有较大争议。本文综述了栽培芝麻在全球分布的变化与现状、栽培芝麻起源与驯化及其野生近缘种相关研究进展,从历史文献角度论述了我国“芝麻”与“胡麻”名称混淆的原因,推荐了芝麻生物系统分类中科名和属名的中文译名,为深入和科学地认识、研究、利用芝麻及其近缘种提供理论参考。

Construction of a Normalized Full-Length cDNA Library of Sesame Developing Seed by DSN and SMART^(TM)

Sesame （Sesamue indicum L.） is one of the most important oilseed crops with high oil yield. Here, we described a simple and efficient method for constructing a normalized cDNA library from a high oil content cultivar of sesame Zhongzhi 14, during its oil accumulation stages. It combined switching mechanism at 5？end of RNA transcript （SMART） technique and duplex-specific nuclease （DSN） normalization methods. Double-stranded cDNAs were synthesized from mRNAs, processed by normalization and Sfi I restriction endonuclease, and finally the cDNAs were ligated to pDNR-LIB vector. The ligation mixture was transformed into Escherichia coli DH10B by electroporation. The capacity of the library was 1.0？06 clones in this library. Gel electrophoresis results indicated the fragments ranged from 700 to 2 000 bp, with the average size of 1 800 bp. Random picking clones showed that the recombination rate was 100%. The results showed that the cDNA library constructed successfully was a full-length library with high quality, and could be used to screen the genes related to development of oil synthesis.

光伏发电输出功率对配电网铁磁谐振的影响分析

光伏发电输出功率的变化对配电网铁磁谐振有一定影响.为此,简单分析了光伏发电输出功率对并网点电压造成波动的原因,并对光伏发电接入配电网时的等值电路作了简化.由简化电路建立了光伏发电输出功率与配电网铁磁谐振之间的等式,通过对所建立的等式分析可以得出:配电系统参数满足一定条件,光伏发电输出功率发生变化时会引起配电网发生铁磁谐振.

Antioxidant lignans sesamin and sesamolin in sesame(Sesamum indicum L.):a comprehensive review and future prospects

Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is a significantly lucrative cash crop for millions of small-holder farmers.Its seeds are an important source of a highly appreciated vegetable oil globally and two clinically essential antioxidant lignans,sesamin and sesamolin.Accordingly,many countries import millions of tons of sesame seed every year.The demand for lignan-rich sesame seeds has been increasing in recent years due to the continuous discovery of several pharmacological attributes of sesamin and sesamolin.To meet this demand,the sesame breeder’s primary objective is to release sesame cultivars that are enriched in oil and lignans.Thus,it is necessary to summarize the information related to the sesamin and sesamolin contents in sesame in order to promote the joint efforts of specialized research teams on this important oilseed crop.In this article,we present the current knowledge on the sesamin and sesamolin contents in S.indicum L.with respect to the updated biosynthesis pathway,associated markers,governing loci,available variability in sesame germplasm,the in planta potential roles of these compounds in sesame,and the newly discovered pharmacological attributes.In addition,we propose and discuss some required studies that might facilitate genomics-assisted breeding of high lignan content sesame varieties.

牛冷冻精液不同有效精子数输精效果的研究

[目的]肉牛种业为肉牛生产发展的基础和前提,种公牛是肉牛业发展的“芯片”,直接关系到生产的质量和效率。为提高优秀种公牛的利用率和区域覆盖率,适当降低每剂量冷冻精液的有效精子数量,同时能够确保其输精受胎率不受影响而进行该研究。[方法]制作含有效精子数分别为8×10^(+6)、4×10^(+6)、2×10^(+6),三组牛冷冻精液,用上述冷冻精液进行输精试验,比较输精效果。[结果]有效精子数为8×10^(+6)、有效精子数为4×10^(+6)、有效精子数为2×10^(+6),三个试验组间其人工输精后受胎率进行了比较。研究结果表明,输精总受胎率差异不显著,降低有效精子数,其输精受胎率未受影响。[结论]降低每剂冷冻精液的有效精子数量(2~8×10^(+6))在适当范围内,其输精受胎率差异不显著。