In order to provide a good practice platform for the program design contestants and algorithm enthusiasts,this paper designs and implements a programming online evaluation system based on cloud platform,which is a web...In order to provide a good practice platform for the program design contestants and algorithm enthusiasts,this paper designs and implements a programming online evaluation system based on cloud platform,which is a web system that can return the test results of the program source codes submitted by users in real time.It realizes the automatic evaluation of the program design training questions.The system is implemented by the way of front-end and back-end separation and modular programming.The front-end of the web is implemented by Vue framework,the back-end is implemented by Django framework.The judgment core is written in C language for the sake of improving the efficiency of the system.Sandbox technology is used to ensure the security of the judgment system.Experimental results show that the system can meet the need of daily teaching and competition.展开更多
China’s ethnic minorities not only enjoy the equal rights with the majority Hans as endowed by the Constitution and other laws, but also enjoy the right to regional autonomy in areas where minorities live in compact ...China’s ethnic minorities not only enjoy the equal rights with the majority Hans as endowed by the Constitution and other laws, but also enjoy the right to regional autonomy in areas where minorities live in compact communities. In February 2001, the NPC Standing Committee revised the law on ethnic regional autonomy for minorities, adding new provisions on increasing investment in the areas of ethnic minorities to accelerate local development.展开更多
Phytohormones modulate nearly all aspects of plant biology.Phytohormone signaling and biosynthesis pathways have been characterized mainly through studies of angiosperms,particularly the model plant Arabidopsis thalia...Phytohormones modulate nearly all aspects of plant biology.Phytohormone signaling and biosynthesis pathways have been characterized mainly through studies of angiosperms,particularly the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana(Blázquez et al.,2020).Phylogenetic analyses across plants provide insights into the origins and evolution of phytohormone signaling pathways(Wang et al.,2015).However,these studies come with one caveat:homology at the level of sequences does not necessarily demonstrate functional conservation.Due to the lack of functional verification,much remains obscure and contentious about the origins of phytohormone signaling and biosynthesis pathways.In a recent study,Jia et al.,2023 employed a combined approach of phylogenetic analysis and functional characterization to explore the origin and evolution of the signaling and biosynthesis pathways of salicylic acid(SA),a crucial plant defense hormone.展开更多
In this paper,we present a single-ended principal-component-analysis-(PCA-)based fault-section identification method for a hybrid distribution line(non-effective grounding system),which is an overhead line combined wi...In this paper,we present a single-ended principal-component-analysis-(PCA-)based fault-section identification method for a hybrid distribution line(non-effective grounding system),which is an overhead line combined with an under-ground cable when a single-line-to-ground(SLG)fault occurs.Ground-mode currents are extracted from the single-ended measuring points when faults occur in underground cables or overhead lines,and then the method of fault-section identification based on PCA is utilized to deal with the ground-mode or aerial-mode currents to realize the fault-section identification of the hybrid system.First,a loading plot of PCA is used to compare the projection of ground-mode currents on the PC1 coordinate axis to 0.Then,Euclidean distance is used to realize the fault-section identification to improve the reliability of criterion and avoid threshold setting in the PCA method.The performance of the method is tested in 35 kV hybrid distribution lines for a distribution system based on PSCAD/EMTDC for different fault locations,different fault inception angles(FIAs),and fault resistances with satisfactory results.The impact of distributed generation(DG)and lengths of cable and overhead lines on the accuracy of the proposed method is also investigated.展开更多
Metal ions are physiologically essential,but excessive metal ions may cause severe risk to plants and animals.Here,we prepared gold nanoclusters（Au NCs） protected by 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid（11-MUA）,which have e...Metal ions are physiologically essential,but excessive metal ions may cause severe risk to plants and animals.Here,we prepared gold nanoclusters（Au NCs） protected by 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid（11-MUA）,which have excellent fluorescence properties for the detection of metal ions.The results showed that the copper ions（Cu^（2＋）） and iron ions（Fe^（3＋）） in the solution have obvious quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity of Au NCs.The detection range of Fe^（3＋） was 0.8-4.5 mmol/L（R^2= 0.992） and 4.5-11.0 mmol/L（R^2= 0.997）.And Cu^（2＋） has a lower linear range（0.1-1.0 mmol/L,R2= 0.993）.When EDTA was added into the reaction system,it was observed that the quenching effect of Cu^（2＋） and Fe^（3＋）on Au NCs showed different phenomenon.Then,the effect of metal ions on the fluorescence of Au NCs was investigated.The selective detection of Cu（2＋） was achieved by EDTA masking of Fe^（3＋）.In addition,we realized the metal ions detection application of Au NCs in the serum展开更多
The selectivity of gas sensing materials is increasingly important for their applications. The oxygenregulated SnO2 films with(110) and(101) preferred orientation were obtained through magnetron sputtering, followed b...The selectivity of gas sensing materials is increasingly important for their applications. The oxygenregulated SnO2 films with(110) and(101) preferred orientation were obtained through magnetron sputtering, followed by annealing treatment. Their micro-structure, surface morphology and gas response were investigated by advanced structural characterization and property measurement. The results showed that the as-prepared(110)-oriented SnO2 film was oxygen-rich and had more adsorption sites while the as-prepared(101)-oriented SnO2 film was oxygen-poor and more sensitive to de-oxidation.H2 gas sensitivity, response speed, selectivity between H2 and CO of the(110)-orientated SnO2 film was superior to that of the(101)-orientated SnO2 film. After treated at high temperature and high vacuum,the reduction of gas-sensing properties of the annealed(110) SnO2 film was much more than that of the annealed(101) SnO2 film. The lattice oxygen was responsible for the difference in gas-sensing response between(110) and(101)-oriented SnO2 films under oxygen regulation. This work indicated the gassensing selectivity of the different crystal planes in SnO2 film, providing a significant reference for design and extension of the related materials.展开更多
Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)causes bacterial canker,a devastating disease threatening the Actinidia fruit industry.In a search for non-host resistance genes against Psa,we find that the nucleotidebinding le...Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)causes bacterial canker,a devastating disease threatening the Actinidia fruit industry.In a search for non-host resistance genes against Psa,we find that the nucleotidebinding leucine-rich repeat receptor(NLR)protein ZAR1 from both Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana(Nb)recognizes Hop Z5 and triggers cell death.The recognition requires ZED1 in Arabidopsis and JIM2 in Nb plants,which are members of the ZRK pseudokinases and known components of the ZAR1 resistosome.Surprisingly,Arabidopsis ZAR1 and RPM1,another NLR known to recognize Hop Z5,confer disease resistance to Hop Z5 in a strain-specific manner.Thus,ZAR1,but not RPM1,is solely required for resistance to P.s.maculicola ES4326(Psm)carrying hop Z5,whereas RPM1 is primarily required for resistance to P.s.tomato DC3000(Pst)carrying hop Z5.Furthermore,the ZAR1-mediated resistance to Psm hop Z5 in Arabidopsis is insensitive to SOBER1,which encodes a deacetylase known to suppress the RPM1-mediated resistance to Pst hop Z5.In addition,hop Z5 enhances P.syringae virulence in the absence of ZAR1 or RPM1 and that SOBER1 abolishes such virulence function.Together the study suggests that ZAR1 may be used for improving Psa resistance in Actinidia and uncovers previously unknown complexity of effectortriggered immunity and effector-triggered virulence.展开更多
基金This work is supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61373132,61872408)the Key Laboratory of informationization technology for basic education in Hunan province(2015TP1017)+1 种基金Hunan provincial higher education reform research project(2012[528])Project of research study and innovative experiment for college students in Hunan Province(2017[873]).
文摘In order to provide a good practice platform for the program design contestants and algorithm enthusiasts,this paper designs and implements a programming online evaluation system based on cloud platform,which is a web system that can return the test results of the program source codes submitted by users in real time.It realizes the automatic evaluation of the program design training questions.The system is implemented by the way of front-end and back-end separation and modular programming.The front-end of the web is implemented by Vue framework,the back-end is implemented by Django framework.The judgment core is written in C language for the sake of improving the efficiency of the system.Sandbox technology is used to ensure the security of the judgment system.Experimental results show that the system can meet the need of daily teaching and competition.
文摘China’s ethnic minorities not only enjoy the equal rights with the majority Hans as endowed by the Constitution and other laws, but also enjoy the right to regional autonomy in areas where minorities live in compact communities. In February 2001, the NPC Standing Committee revised the law on ethnic regional autonomy for minorities, adding new provisions on increasing investment in the areas of ethnic minorities to accelerate local development.
基金supported by the Innovative Research Group Project of Hebei Natural Science Foundation(no.C2020204111)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.32270684).
文摘Phytohormones modulate nearly all aspects of plant biology.Phytohormone signaling and biosynthesis pathways have been characterized mainly through studies of angiosperms,particularly the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana(Blázquez et al.,2020).Phylogenetic analyses across plants provide insights into the origins and evolution of phytohormone signaling pathways(Wang et al.,2015).However,these studies come with one caveat:homology at the level of sequences does not necessarily demonstrate functional conservation.Due to the lack of functional verification,much remains obscure and contentious about the origins of phytohormone signaling and biosynthesis pathways.In a recent study,Jia et al.,2023 employed a combined approach of phylogenetic analysis and functional characterization to explore the origin and evolution of the signaling and biosynthesis pathways of salicylic acid(SA),a crucial plant defense hormone.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51667010 and 51807084.
文摘In this paper,we present a single-ended principal-component-analysis-(PCA-)based fault-section identification method for a hybrid distribution line(non-effective grounding system),which is an overhead line combined with an under-ground cable when a single-line-to-ground(SLG)fault occurs.Ground-mode currents are extracted from the single-ended measuring points when faults occur in underground cables or overhead lines,and then the method of fault-section identification based on PCA is utilized to deal with the ground-mode or aerial-mode currents to realize the fault-section identification of the hybrid system.First,a loading plot of PCA is used to compare the projection of ground-mode currents on the PC1 coordinate axis to 0.Then,Euclidean distance is used to realize the fault-section identification to improve the reliability of criterion and avoid threshold setting in the PCA method.The performance of the method is tested in 35 kV hybrid distribution lines for a distribution system based on PSCAD/EMTDC for different fault locations,different fault inception angles(FIAs),and fault resistances with satisfactory results.The impact of distributed generation(DG)and lengths of cable and overhead lines on the accuracy of the proposed method is also investigated.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61571426,61671435)the National Key Technology R&D Program(No.2015BAI23H00)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.4161003)Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis
文摘Metal ions are physiologically essential,but excessive metal ions may cause severe risk to plants and animals.Here,we prepared gold nanoclusters（Au NCs） protected by 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid（11-MUA）,which have excellent fluorescence properties for the detection of metal ions.The results showed that the copper ions（Cu^（2＋）） and iron ions（Fe^（3＋）） in the solution have obvious quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity of Au NCs.The detection range of Fe^（3＋） was 0.8-4.5 mmol/L（R^2= 0.992） and 4.5-11.0 mmol/L（R^2= 0.997）.And Cu^（2＋） has a lower linear range（0.1-1.0 mmol/L,R2= 0.993）.When EDTA was added into the reaction system,it was observed that the quenching effect of Cu^（2＋） and Fe^（3＋）on Au NCs showed different phenomenon.Then,the effect of metal ions on the fluorescence of Au NCs was investigated.The selective detection of Cu（2＋） was achieved by EDTA masking of Fe^（3＋）.In addition,we realized the metal ions detection application of Au NCs in the serum
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51502126 and 51874169)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No. 20180550802)
文摘The selectivity of gas sensing materials is increasingly important for their applications. The oxygenregulated SnO2 films with(110) and(101) preferred orientation were obtained through magnetron sputtering, followed by annealing treatment. Their micro-structure, surface morphology and gas response were investigated by advanced structural characterization and property measurement. The results showed that the as-prepared(110)-oriented SnO2 film was oxygen-rich and had more adsorption sites while the as-prepared(101)-oriented SnO2 film was oxygen-poor and more sensitive to de-oxidation.H2 gas sensitivity, response speed, selectivity between H2 and CO of the(110)-orientated SnO2 film was superior to that of the(101)-orientated SnO2 film. After treated at high temperature and high vacuum,the reduction of gas-sensing properties of the annealed(110) SnO2 film was much more than that of the annealed(101) SnO2 film. The lattice oxygen was responsible for the difference in gas-sensing response between(110) and(101)-oriented SnO2 films under oxygen regulation. This work indicated the gassensing selectivity of the different crystal planes in SnO2 film, providing a significant reference for design and extension of the related materials.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFA1300701) to J.M.Z.the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872654) to Z.Y.Z.the Hainan Excellent Talent Team, and the State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics (SKLPG2016B-2) to J.M.Z
文摘Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)causes bacterial canker,a devastating disease threatening the Actinidia fruit industry.In a search for non-host resistance genes against Psa,we find that the nucleotidebinding leucine-rich repeat receptor(NLR)protein ZAR1 from both Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana(Nb)recognizes Hop Z5 and triggers cell death.The recognition requires ZED1 in Arabidopsis and JIM2 in Nb plants,which are members of the ZRK pseudokinases and known components of the ZAR1 resistosome.Surprisingly,Arabidopsis ZAR1 and RPM1,another NLR known to recognize Hop Z5,confer disease resistance to Hop Z5 in a strain-specific manner.Thus,ZAR1,but not RPM1,is solely required for resistance to P.s.maculicola ES4326(Psm)carrying hop Z5,whereas RPM1 is primarily required for resistance to P.s.tomato DC3000(Pst)carrying hop Z5.Furthermore,the ZAR1-mediated resistance to Psm hop Z5 in Arabidopsis is insensitive to SOBER1,which encodes a deacetylase known to suppress the RPM1-mediated resistance to Pst hop Z5.In addition,hop Z5 enhances P.syringae virulence in the absence of ZAR1 or RPM1 and that SOBER1 abolishes such virulence function.Together the study suggests that ZAR1 may be used for improving Psa resistance in Actinidia and uncovers previously unknown complexity of effectortriggered immunity and effector-triggered virulence.
