目的挖掘和评价氯喹上市后的安全信号,为新型冠状病毒肺炎抗病毒等临床合理用药提供参考。方法检索美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)不良事件报告系统(FDA Adverse Event Reporting System,FAERS)数据库2004...目的挖掘和评价氯喹上市后的安全信号,为新型冠状病毒肺炎抗病毒等临床合理用药提供参考。方法检索美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)不良事件报告系统(FDA Adverse Event Reporting System,FAERS)数据库2004年01月01日至2020年02月22日收录以氯喹为怀疑药物不良事件(adverse drug events,ADEs)报告,采用报告比值比(ROR)法和贝叶斯可信区间递进神经网络法(BCPNN)检测该药品各种ADEs信号,重点评估口服氯喹对各个脏器系统的安全信号。结果纳入分析的2063份ADEs报告中,以氯喹为怀疑药物的ADEs报告共557份。经检测,发现该药不良反应信号累及多个系统,具有临床参考意义的高风险信号包括:完全性房室传导阻滞(ROR=2.90,IC-2SD=1.64)、心室纤维性颤动(ROR=3.40,IC-2SD=1.27)、失明(ROR=27.51,IC-2SD=0.55)、心源性休克(ROR=6.86,IC-2SD=0.54)和呕吐(ROR=1.70,IC-2SD=1.83)等;另有少见且高危的不良反应信号包括:低钾血症(ROR=4.18,IC-2SD=1.51)、急性肾衰竭(ROR=3.08,IC-2SD=0.30)、高铁血红蛋白血症(ROR=4.37,IC-2SD=0.03)以及发热(ROR=1.80,IC-2SD=1.84)等不良反应尚未被说明书收录,但与文献报道一致,在临床使用中密切注意。临床医务人员在合并用药时应结合氯喹相关不良反应,密切注意患者是否有基础疾病和配伍禁忌,预防不良反应的发生和加重。结论基于FAERS的ADEs信号检测有助于了解氯喹安全性,提高临床医务工作者对氯喹不良反应的认识,在新型冠状病毒肺炎等疾病的治疗中有效预防和避免氯喹相关药害事件。展开更多
The effect of the run-out table cooling patterns on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb microalloyed steel plates was investigated by hot rolling experiment. The results showed that the mixed microstrue...The effect of the run-out table cooling patterns on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb microalloyed steel plates was investigated by hot rolling experiment. The results showed that the mixed microstrueture containing ferrite, bainite and significant amounts of retained austenite can be obtained through three kinds of cooling patterns on the run-out table under the same hot rolling condition. Three kinds of cooling patterns possess different austenite transformation kinetics, which leads to variations in microconstituent characteristics. The yield strength increases, the tensile strength decreases and the total elongation tends to increase as the cooling patterns Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ were applied respectively. The yield strength, the total elongation and the product of tensile strength and ductility reach the maximum values （547 MPa, 37. 2% and 28 384 MPa% respectively） for the steel plate processed by cooling pattern Ⅲ.展开更多
文摘目的挖掘和评价氯喹上市后的安全信号,为新型冠状病毒肺炎抗病毒等临床合理用药提供参考。方法检索美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)不良事件报告系统(FDA Adverse Event Reporting System,FAERS)数据库2004年01月01日至2020年02月22日收录以氯喹为怀疑药物不良事件(adverse drug events,ADEs)报告,采用报告比值比(ROR)法和贝叶斯可信区间递进神经网络法(BCPNN)检测该药品各种ADEs信号,重点评估口服氯喹对各个脏器系统的安全信号。结果纳入分析的2063份ADEs报告中,以氯喹为怀疑药物的ADEs报告共557份。经检测,发现该药不良反应信号累及多个系统,具有临床参考意义的高风险信号包括:完全性房室传导阻滞(ROR=2.90,IC-2SD=1.64)、心室纤维性颤动(ROR=3.40,IC-2SD=1.27)、失明(ROR=27.51,IC-2SD=0.55)、心源性休克(ROR=6.86,IC-2SD=0.54)和呕吐(ROR=1.70,IC-2SD=1.83)等;另有少见且高危的不良反应信号包括:低钾血症(ROR=4.18,IC-2SD=1.51)、急性肾衰竭(ROR=3.08,IC-2SD=0.30)、高铁血红蛋白血症(ROR=4.37,IC-2SD=0.03)以及发热(ROR=1.80,IC-2SD=1.84)等不良反应尚未被说明书收录,但与文献报道一致,在临床使用中密切注意。临床医务人员在合并用药时应结合氯喹相关不良反应,密切注意患者是否有基础疾病和配伍禁忌,预防不良反应的发生和加重。结论基于FAERS的ADEs信号检测有助于了解氯喹安全性,提高临床医务工作者对氯喹不良反应的认识,在新型冠状病毒肺炎等疾病的治疗中有效预防和避免氯喹相关药害事件。
文摘The effect of the run-out table cooling patterns on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb microalloyed steel plates was investigated by hot rolling experiment. The results showed that the mixed microstrueture containing ferrite, bainite and significant amounts of retained austenite can be obtained through three kinds of cooling patterns on the run-out table under the same hot rolling condition. Three kinds of cooling patterns possess different austenite transformation kinetics, which leads to variations in microconstituent characteristics. The yield strength increases, the tensile strength decreases and the total elongation tends to increase as the cooling patterns Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ were applied respectively. The yield strength, the total elongation and the product of tensile strength and ductility reach the maximum values （547 MPa, 37. 2% and 28 384 MPa% respectively） for the steel plate processed by cooling pattern Ⅲ.
