Solar-blind imaging has attracted considerable interest in both military and civilian applications,spurring the development of high-performance deep-ultraviolet photodetector arrays(PDAs) with wide-bandgap semiconduct...Solar-blind imaging has attracted considerable interest in both military and civilian applications,spurring the development of high-performance deep-ultraviolet photodetector arrays(PDAs) with wide-bandgap semiconductor materials.Herein,we present a novel method to enhance the performance of solar-blind PDAs(SBPDs) using β-Ga_(2)O_(3) films obtained by the phase transition of heterogeneous epitaxial sub-stable ε-Ga_(2)O_(3),achieved through high-temperature rapid annealing.Metal-semiconductor-metaltype SBPDs based on phase-transformed β-Ga_(2)O_(3) films exhibited superior performance,including an ultrahigh responsivity of 459.38 A/W,detectivity of 10^(14)–10^(15) Jones,external quantum efficiency of 10^(4)%–10^(5)%,rejection ratio(R_(254)/R_(365)) of 10^(5)–10^(6),photo-to-dark current ratio of 10^(4)–10^(6),fast response speed of 1.01 s/0.06 s,and favorable stability.Notably,the ultrahigh responsivity of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)-film-based devices was approximately 222-fold higher than that of ε-Ga_(2)O_(3) film-based devices.The assembled 4×5 β-Ga_(2)O_(3) film-based PDAs exhibited favorable uniformity,repeatability,and high spatial resolution for solarblind imaging.Our study offers a promising approach for the development of high-performance β-Ga_(2)O_(3)-based PDAs for solarblind ultraviolet imaging with potential applications in both military and civilian fields.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulating Zusanli(ST36),Sanyinjiao(SP6)on inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and the role of the adenosine A2A receptor(A2AR)and the p38αMitogen-Activated Prot...OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulating Zusanli(ST36),Sanyinjiao(SP6)on inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and the role of the adenosine A2A receptor(A2AR)and the p38αMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway in mediating this effect.METHODS:Mice with collagen induced arthritis(CIA)received different treatments.Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to determine the levels of multiple signaling molecules in these joints[receptor activator of nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)ligand(RANKL),receptor activator of NF-κB(RANK),tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6(TRAF6),p38α,NF-κB,and nuclear factor of activated T cells C1(NFATc1)].Osteoclasts were identified using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)staining.RESULTS:The immunohistochemistry results indicated upregulation of p38α,NF-κB,and NFATc1 in the CIA-control and CIA-EA-SCH58261 groups,but reduced levels in the CIA-EA group.Western blotting indicated upregulation of RANKL,RANK,TRAF6,p38α,NF-κB,and NFATc1 in the CIA-control and CIA-EA-SCH58261 groups,but reduced expression in the CIA-EA group.Osteoclasts were more abundant in the CIA-control and CIA-EA-SCH58261 groups than in the CIA-EA group.CONCLUSIONS:EA treatment enhanced the A2AR activity and inhibited osteoclast formation by inhibition of RANKL,RANK,TRAF6,p38α,NF-κB,and NFATc1.SCH58261 reversed the effect of EA.These results suggest that EA regulated p38α-MAPK signaling by increasing A2AR activity,which inhibited osteoclastogenesis.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11904041 and 12104077)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(Grant Nos.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0557,cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0237,cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0533,and CSTB2022BSXM-JCX0090)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Education Committee(Grant Nos.KJQN202100540,KJQN202000511,and KJQN202100501)the College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Chongqing City(Grant No.S202210637052)。
文摘Solar-blind imaging has attracted considerable interest in both military and civilian applications,spurring the development of high-performance deep-ultraviolet photodetector arrays(PDAs) with wide-bandgap semiconductor materials.Herein,we present a novel method to enhance the performance of solar-blind PDAs(SBPDs) using β-Ga_(2)O_(3) films obtained by the phase transition of heterogeneous epitaxial sub-stable ε-Ga_(2)O_(3),achieved through high-temperature rapid annealing.Metal-semiconductor-metaltype SBPDs based on phase-transformed β-Ga_(2)O_(3) films exhibited superior performance,including an ultrahigh responsivity of 459.38 A/W,detectivity of 10^(14)–10^(15) Jones,external quantum efficiency of 10^(4)%–10^(5)%,rejection ratio(R_(254)/R_(365)) of 10^(5)–10^(6),photo-to-dark current ratio of 10^(4)–10^(6),fast response speed of 1.01 s/0.06 s,and favorable stability.Notably,the ultrahigh responsivity of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)-film-based devices was approximately 222-fold higher than that of ε-Ga_(2)O_(3) film-based devices.The assembled 4×5 β-Ga_(2)O_(3) film-based PDAs exhibited favorable uniformity,repeatability,and high spatial resolution for solarblind imaging.Our study offers a promising approach for the development of high-performance β-Ga_(2)O_(3)-based PDAs for solarblind ultraviolet imaging with potential applications in both military and civilian fields.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China:the Mechanism of Adenosine A2A Receptor Modulate Electroacupuncture Inhibiting Osteoclast Formation in Mice with Collagen-Induced Arthritis (No.81674053)Zhejiang Basic Public Welfare Research Project:the Role of P38 MAPK Pathway in the Inhibition of CIA Osteoclast Differentiation by Electroacupuncture via Adenosine Pathway (No.LY20H270015)+1 种基金Basic Medical and Health Technology Project of Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau:Electroacupuncture of Mice with CIA Mitigate Joint Damage by the p38MAPK Pathway (No.Y20190198)Scientific Research Incubation Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University:Electroacupuncture of Mice with CIA Mitigate Joint Damage by the p38MAPK Pathway (No.FHY2019021)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)stimulating Zusanli(ST36),Sanyinjiao(SP6)on inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and the role of the adenosine A2A receptor(A2AR)and the p38αMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway in mediating this effect.METHODS:Mice with collagen induced arthritis(CIA)received different treatments.Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to determine the levels of multiple signaling molecules in these joints[receptor activator of nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)ligand(RANKL),receptor activator of NF-κB(RANK),tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6(TRAF6),p38α,NF-κB,and nuclear factor of activated T cells C1(NFATc1)].Osteoclasts were identified using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)staining.RESULTS:The immunohistochemistry results indicated upregulation of p38α,NF-κB,and NFATc1 in the CIA-control and CIA-EA-SCH58261 groups,but reduced levels in the CIA-EA group.Western blotting indicated upregulation of RANKL,RANK,TRAF6,p38α,NF-κB,and NFATc1 in the CIA-control and CIA-EA-SCH58261 groups,but reduced expression in the CIA-EA group.Osteoclasts were more abundant in the CIA-control and CIA-EA-SCH58261 groups than in the CIA-EA group.CONCLUSIONS:EA treatment enhanced the A2AR activity and inhibited osteoclast formation by inhibition of RANKL,RANK,TRAF6,p38α,NF-κB,and NFATc1.SCH58261 reversed the effect of EA.These results suggest that EA regulated p38α-MAPK signaling by increasing A2AR activity,which inhibited osteoclastogenesis.
