Small nucleolar RNA and its potential role in the oncogenesis and development of colorectal cancer

Small nucleolar RNAs(snoRNAs)represent a class of non-coding RNAs that play pivotal roles in post-transcriptional RNA processing and modification,thereby contributing significantly to the maintenance of cellular functions related to protein synthesis.SnoRNAs have been discovered to possess the ability to influence cell fate and alter disease progression,holding immense potential in controlling human diseases.It is suggested that the dysregulation of snoRNAs in cancer exhibits differential expression across various cancer types,stages,metastasis,treatment response and/or prognosis in patients.On the other hand,colorectal cancer(CRC),a prevalent malignancy of the digestive system,is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates,ranking as the third most common cancer type.Recent research indicates that snoRNA dysregulation is associated with CRC,as snoRNA expression significantly differs between normal and cancerous conditions.Consequently,assessing snoRNA expression level and function holds promise for the prognosis and diagnosis of CRC.Nevertheless,current comprehension of the potential roles of snoRNAs in CRC remains limited.This review offers a comprehensive survey of the aberrant regulation of snoRNAs in CRC,providing valuable insights into the discovery of novel biomarkers,therapeutic targets,and potential tools for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC and furnishing critical cues for advancing research into CRC and the judicious selection of therapeutic targets.

预拌混凝土生产中智能感知技术的探索研究

目前预拌混凝土生产过程中原材料质量波动大、影响因素多,现有原材料和混合物料的质量检测/监测手段存在过程迟缓、检测结果严重滞后等问题,无法根据生产过程中物料变化进行及时干预或修正,难以保障混凝土质量的稳定性。因此,建立以原材料和混合料主要性质参数快速感知、在线监测和即时反馈的混凝土智能感知和调控体系势在必行。

改性搅拌站废浆在水泥基材料中的再利用研究

为研究搅拌站废浆(以下简称废浆)在水泥基材料中再利用的可行性,用自主研发的废浆改性剂对废浆进行了改性处理,研究了未改性和改性废浆对湿拌砂浆、混凝土工作性及力学性能的影响,并通过热重法(TG-DTG)分析了改性废浆对胶凝材料水化的影响。结果表明:改性剂延缓了废浆的凝结时间,使废浆保持较高的活性;与未改性废浆相比,掺入改性废浆使湿拌砂浆的8 h稠度损失率降低,凝结时间延长,抗压强度提高;改性废浆的掺入提高了混凝土的工作性及抗压强度。改性废浆再利用具有一定的经济效益。

Inflammatory response in gastrointestinal cancers:Overview of six transmembrane epithelial antigens of the prostate in pathophysiology and clinical implications

Chronic inflammation is known to increase the risk of gastrointestinal cancers(GICs),the common solid tumors worldwide.Precancerous lesions,such as chronic atrophic inflammation and ulcers,are related to inflammatory responses in vivo and likely to occur in hyperplasia and tumorigenesis.Unfortunately,due to the lack of effective therapeutic targets,the prognosis of patients with GICs is still unsatisfactory.Interestingly,it is found that six transmembrane epithelial antigens of the prostate(STEAPs),a group of metal reductases,are significantly associated with the progression of malignancies,playing a crucial role in systemic metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory responses.The structure and functions of STEAPs suggest that they are closely related to intracellular oxidative stress,responding to inflammatory reactions.Under the imbalance status of abnormal oxidative stress,STEAP members are involved in cell transformation and the development of GICs by inhibiting or activating inflammatory process.This review focuses on STEAPs in GICs along with exploring their potential molecular regulatory mechanisms,with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for diagnosis and treatment strategies for patients suffering from these types of cancers.

Asynchronous Learning-Based Output Feedback Sliding Mode Control for Semi-Markov Jump Systems: A Descriptor Approach

This paper presents an asynchronous output-feed-back control strategy of semi-Markovian systems via sliding mode-based learning technique.Compared with most literature results that require exact prior knowledge of system state and mode information,an asynchronous output-feedback sliding sur-face is adopted in the case of incompletely available state and non-synchronization phenomenon.The holonomic dynamics of the sliding mode are characterized by a descriptor system in which the switching surface is regarded as the fast subsystem and the system dynamics are viewed as the slow subsystem.Based upon the co-occurrence of two subsystems,the sufficient stochastic admissibility criterion of the holonomic dynamics is derived by utilizing the characteristics of cumulative distribution functions.Furthermore,a recursive learning controller is formulated to guarantee the reachability of the sliding manifold and realize the chattering reduction of the asynchronous switching and sliding motion.Finally,the proposed theoretical method is substantia-ted through two numerical simulations with the practical contin-uous stirred tank reactor and F-404 aircraft engine model,respectively.

Sine oculis homeobox homolog family function in gastrointestinal cancer:Progression and comprehensive analysis

The sine oculis homeobox homolog(SIX)family,a group of transcription factors characterized by a conserved DNA-binding homology domain,plays a critical role in orchestrating embryonic development and organogenesis across various organisms,including humans.Comprising six distinct members,from SIX1 to SIX6,each member contributes uniquely to the development and differentiation of diverse tissues and organs,underscoring the versatility of the SIX family.Dysregulation or mutations in SIX genes have been implicated in a spectrum of developmental disorders,as well as in tumor initiation and progression,highlighting their pivotal role in maintaining normal developmental trajectories and cellular functions.Efforts to target the transcriptional complex of the SIX gene family have emerged as a promising strategy to inhibit tumor development.While the development of inhibitors targeting this gene family is still in its early stages,the significant potential of such interventions holds promise for future therapeutic advances.Therefore,this review aimed to comprehensively explore the advancements in understanding the SIX family within gastrointestinal cancers,focusing on its critical role in normal organ development and its implications in gastrointestinal cancers,including gastric,pancreatic,colorectal cancer,and hepatocellular carcinomas.In conclusion,this review deepened the understanding of the functional roles of the SIX family and explored the potential of utilizing this gene family for the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.

阿帕替尼所致手足综合征的中医证候分布特点研究

目的 通过对阿帕替尼所致手足综合征(Hand-foot syndrome,HFS)进行中医辨证分型,为中医药认识及治疗HFS提供理论证据及指导参考。方法 选取江西中医药大学附属医院肿瘤科2019年1月—2021年4月住院部和门诊收治的行阿帕替尼治疗的恶性肿瘤患者20例,采用Kaplan-Meier单因素法、Cox多因素回归分析方法,研究影响阿帕替尼所致HFS临床疗效的独立性相关因素,讨论中医辨证综合防治HFS的临床效果,探究阿帕替尼所致HFS的独立预后因素与最佳中医防治方案。结果 经过临床观察,所收集的20例HFS患者在予以对症治疗后,症状均有所缓解。通过辨证分型,将20例HFS患者的证型分为实证和虚证,其中实证包含血虚风燥证、热毒蕴肤证,虚证包含气血亏虚证、气阴两伤证。常见症状有:四肢麻木、乏力、手足溃烂、胸闷。HFS发生的天数大多在1~10 d及10~20 d。结论 阿帕替尼治疗后所引起的HFS患者的中医分型有热毒蕴肤证、血虚风燥证、气血亏虚证、气阴两伤证,并以气阴两伤证、热毒蕴肤证为主。

固废基复合胶凝材料配比优化设计及协同效应研究

利用多种固废协同制备固废基复合胶凝材料(MSSWB)是固废资源化利用的有效途径,然而,相对复杂的原材料组成和较低的力学性能限制了MSSWB的应用。本文首先借助D-optimal设计方法设计了100组实验配比作为数据集,然后创建了PSO-BP模型用于MSSWB力学性能的预测,并通过粒子群优化算法(PSO)确定了各原材料的最佳质量配比,最后采用XRD、TG-DTG和NMR等微观分析方法研究了MSSWB的水化产物以及多元固废之间的协同效应。结果表明:PSO-BP模型可有效预测胶凝材料的抗压强度,经粒子群优化算法优化后的配比强度明显高于未优化配比强度,最优配比组的28 d胶砂抗压强度较未优化配比组提高了20.8%;优化配比组的较高强度主要与水化产物钙矾石和C-S-H凝胶生成量较多且水化产物之间的交联度较高有关,这表明各原材料配比优化之后,其协同效应更加明显。

International experts consensus guidelines on robotic liver resection in 2023

The robotic liver resection(RLR)has been increasingly applied in recent years and its benefits shown in some aspects owing to the technical advancement of robotic surgical system,however,controversies still exist.Based on the foundation of the previous consensus statement,this new consensus document aimed to update clinical recommendations and provide guidance to improve the outcomes of RLR clinical practice.The guideline steering group and guideline expert group were formed by 29 international experts of liver surgery and evidence-based medicine(EBM).Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed by the evidence evaluation group.According to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development,the Guidance Principles of Development and Amendment of the Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment in China 2022,a total of 14 recommendations were generated.Among them were 8 recommendations formulated by the GRADE method,and the remaining 6 recommendations were formulated based on literature review and experts’opinion due to insufficient EBM results.This international experts consensus guideline offered guidance for the safe and effective clinical practice and the research direction of RLR in future.

Reconfigurable metamaterial for asymmetric and symmetric elastic wave absorption based on exceptional point in resonant bandgap

Elastic wave absorption at subwavelength scale is of significance in many engineering applications.Non-Hermitian metamaterials show the ability in high-efficiency wave absorption.However,the single functionality of metamaterials is an important limitation on their practical applications for lack of tunability and reconfigurability.Here,we propose a tunable and reconfigurable non-Hermitian piezoelectric metamaterial bar,in which piezoelectric bars connect with resonant circuits,to achieve asymmetric unidirectional perfect absorption(UPA)and symmetric bidirectional perfect absorption(PA)at low frequencies.The two functions can be arbitrarily switched by rearranging shunted circuits.Based on the reverberation-ray matrix(RRM)method,an approach is provided to achieve UPA by setting an exceptional point(EP)in the coupled resonant bandgap.By using the transfer matrix method(TMM)and the finite element method(FEM),it is observed that a non-Hermitian pseudo-band forms between two resonant bandgaps,and the EP appears at the bottom of the pseudo-band.In addition,the genetic algorithm is used to accurately and efficiently design the shunted circuits for desired low-frequency UPA and PA.The present work may provide new strategies for vibration suppression and guided waves manipulation in wide potential applications.

冠心病合并糖尿病患者外周血FoxO6、NF-κB的相关性及其与PCI术后支架内再狭窄的关系

目的探讨冠心病(CHD)合并糖尿病(DM)患者术前外周血叉头框转录因子O亚族6(FoxO6)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)对于经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后支架内再狭窄(ISR)的预测价值。方法选取琼中黎族苗族自治县人民医院心内科2020年1月至2022年1月收治的78例CHD合并DM患者,均行PCI治疗,所有患者术后随访6个月,根据期间是否发生ISR分为ISR组和正常组,检测外周血FoxO6、NF-κB水平,分析二者相关性,并分析二者对于ISR的预测价值。结果CHD合并DM患者不同DM病情程度FoxO6、NF-κB水平比较差异有统计学意义(t=18.811、10.501,P<0.05),不同CHD病情程度FoxO6、NF-κB水平比较差异有统计学意义(F=7.102、7.870,P<0.05),且随着CHD及DM病情程度加重,FoxO6、NF-κB水平也随之升高。相关性分析结果显示,CHD合并DM患者外周血FoxO6、NF-κB存在正相关性(r=P<0.05)。ISR组与正常组患者比较,冠脉病变严重程度、冠脉狭窄程度、DM严重程度、外周血FoxO6、NF-κB水平比较差异有统计学意义(t=7.941、5.038、9.180、6.328、5.038,P<0.05),两组患者性别、年龄、CHD病程、DM病程、支架直径、支架个数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,冠脉病变严重程度、冠脉狭窄程度、DM严重程度、外周血FoxO6、NF-κB为PCI术后ISR的危险因素。ROC结果显示,FoxO6、NF-κB二者联合预测CHD合并DM患者PCI术后ISR的灵敏度0.902、特异度0.929、AUC分别为898(95%CI 0.860~0.935),大于单一检测(P<0.05)。结论CHD合并DM患者随着病情程度价值外周血FoxO6、NF-κB随之升高,并对于预测PCI术后ISR具有显著价值。

Review of ferroptosis in colorectal cancer:Friends or foes?

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of cell-regulated death.It is characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and can be distinguished from other forms of cell-regulated death by different morphology,biochemistry,and genetics.Recently,studies have shown that ferroptosis is associated with a variety of diseases,including liver,kidney and neurological diseases,as well as cancer.Ferroptosis has been shown to be associated with colorectal epithelial disorders,which can lead to cancerous changes in the gut.However,the potential role of ferroptosis in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer(CRC)is still controversial.To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis in CRC,this article systematically reviews ferroptosis,and its cellular functions in CRC,for furthering the understanding of the pathogenesis of CRC to aid clinical treatment.

Exosomes in metastasis of colorectal cancers: Friends or foes?

Colorectal cancer(CRC),the third most common type of cancer worldwide,threaten human health and quality of life.With multidisciplinary,including surgery,chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy,patients with an early diagnosis of CRC can have a good prognosis.However,metastasis in CRC patients is the main risk factor causing cancer-related death.To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRC metastasis is the difficult and research focus on the investigation of the CRC mechanism.On the other hand,the tumor microenvironment(TME)has been confirmed as having an essential role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of malignancies,including CRCs.Among the different factors in the TME,exosomes as extracellular vesicles,function as bridges in the communication between cancer cells and different components of the TME to promote the progression and metastasis of CRC.MicroRNAs packaged in exosomes can be derived from different sources and transported into the TME to perform oncogenic or tumor-suppressor roles accordingly.This article focuses on CRC exosomes and illustrates their role in regulating the metastasis of CRC,especially through the packaging of miRNAs,to evoke exosomes as novel biomarkers for their impact on the metastasis of CRC progression.

漫灌条件下增施腐殖酸对烤烟产质量的影响

为优化漫灌条件下的烤烟配套施肥措施,提高种烟收益,改善烟叶品质,以基肥的形式增施不同用量的水溶性腐殖酸,研究其对烤烟种植收益、常规化学成分、致香物质和感官质量的影响。与常规施肥相比,增施900 kg/hm^(2)腐殖酸,烤烟产量增加12.35%,产值提高17.16%,净效益提高9.31%,综合经济性状表现最好。腐殖酸增施量与烤烟产量、产值和增施净效益符合二次相关关系,试验最高产量、产值和增施净效益对应的最优增施量分别为924.56、935.94、706.46 kg/hm^(2)。增施腐殖酸使烤烟烟碱含量显著提高21.53%~43.06%,氯离子含量显著降低24.80%~55.20%,显著改善化学成分的协调性。对酮、醇、酸和酯(内酯)类致香物质含量和致香物质总量有提高作用,使烟叶新植二烯与其他类别致香物质总量的比值不同程度降低。增施腐殖酸有利于提高单料烟香气量,增添焦香或干草香韵,但用量高于900 kg/hm^(2)会降低感官评吸质量。在漫灌栽培条件下,添加706~900 kg/hm^(2)的水溶性腐殖酸可兼顾种植收益和初烤烟叶品质,具有较好的推广应用价值。

Immune responses of six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 4 functions as a novel biomarker in gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Immune cells play an important role in regulating the behavior of tumor cells.According to emerging evidence,six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 4(STEAP4)performs a crucial part in tumor microenvironmental immune response and tumorigenesis,and serves as the potential target for cellular and antibody immunotherapy.However,the immunotherapeutic role of STEAP4 in gastric cancer(GC)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the expression of STEAP4 in GC and its relationship with immune infiltrating cells,and explore the potential value of STEAP4 as an immune prognostic indicator in GC.METHODS The expression level of STEAP4 was characterized by immunohistochemistry in tumors and adjacent non-cancerous samples in 96 GC patients.Tumor Immune Estimation Resource was used to study the correlation between STEAP4 and tumor immune infiltration level and immune infiltration gene signature.R package was used to analyze the relationship between STEAP4 expression and immune and stromal scores in GC(GSE62254)by the ESTIMATE algorithm,and Kaplan-Meier Plotter and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis were applied to analyze the effect of STEAP4 on clinical prognosis.RESULTS Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that STEAP4 expression was higher in GC tissues than in adjacent tissues,and STEAP4 expression was positively correlated with the clinical stage of GC.In GC,the expression of STEAP4 was positively correlated with the infiltration levels of B cells,CD4+T cells,macrophages,neutrophils,and dendritic cells.The expression level of STEAP4 was strongly correlated with most of the immune markers.In addition,STEAP4 expression was inversely correlated with tumor purity,but correlated with stromal score(r=0.43,P<0.001),immune score(r=0.29,P<0.001)and estimate score(r=0.39,P<0.001).Moreover,stromal,immune,and estimate scores were higher in the STEAP4 high expression group,whereas tumor purity was higher in the STEAP4 Low expression group.The relationship between STEAP4 expression and prognosis of patients with GC was further investigated,and the results showed that high STEAP4 expression was associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival.In addition,Kaplan-Meier Plotter showed that high expression of STEAP4 was significantly correlated with poor survival of patients with GC.CONCLUSION The current findings suggest an oncogenic role for STEAP4 in GC,with significantly high levels being associated with poor prognosis.Investigation of the GC tumor microenvironment suggests the potential function of STEAP4 is connected with the infiltration of diverse immune cells,which may contribute to the regulation of the tumor microenvironment.In conclusion,STEAP4 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for GC to improve the immune infiltration,as well as serve as a prognostic biomarker for judging the prognosis and immune infiltration status of GC.

基于拓扑优化的多复合材料3D打印增强方法及实验研究

针对多复合材料3D打印制造中利用连续纤维增强模型强度问题,提出利用拓扑优化技术对模型进行增强的方法,提升其力学性能。基于变密度法中的固体各向同向材料惩罚(Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization,SIMP)方法,引入体积分数常量,求解出模型的拓扑结构;建立采用增强材料填充拓扑结构、基础材料填充空洞结构的多复合材料3D打印材料分布模型,从而使得模型的整体结构得到强化。为验证该方法的可行性,以120 mm×80 mm×10 mm的矩形小板为例,利用ANSYS软件建立静力学仿真模型,与未增强模型力学分析结果进行对比,得到采用层间增强、轮廓增强和拓扑增强的模型在Y方向上的位移降低幅度分别为88.90%、87.10%和94.13%,采用拓扑增强的模型位移降低幅度最大;拓扑增强相对于轮廓增强和层间增强在Y方向位移上分别降低了50.79%和54.65%,表明该方法适用于多复合材料3D打印。根据仿真内容进行静力学实验分析,实验结果表明优化结构对比未优化结构在位移上减小了39.6%,证明了该方法对于复合材料3D增强打印具有实用价值。

四足机器人腿部结构拓扑优化设计及力学性能分析

基于变密度方法中的SIMP(Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization)模型,提出一种多复合材料3D打印制造的拓扑优化方法对四足机器人腿部结构进行优化设计。采用体积约束下最小应力的优化方式,同时引入复合材料的本构矩阵,使得优化结果更加合理。针对四足机器人常见工况进行静力学分析,并对最大位移下的载荷情况进行拓扑优化设计。为了验证优化后腿部结构的强度,分别制备拓扑增强和轮廓增强腿部结构并进行试验分析。试验结果表明,拓扑增强结构最大位移比轮廓增强结构在外摆工况下降低了53.57%。拓扑增强结构承载比在0°和30°外摆工况下比轮廓增强结构分别提升了17.98%和24.57%。通过对四足机器人腿部结构优化前后的试验对比可知,经过拓扑优化设计,四足机器人腿部结构力学性能得到提升,优化设计具有可行性。该拓扑优化方法对于提高产品力学性能,具有一定作用。

Modeling and Analysis of the Impacts of Temporal-Spatial Variant Troposphere on Ground-Based SAR Imaging of Asteroids

The near-Earth asteroid collisions could cause catastrophic disasters to humanity and the Earth,so it is crucial to monitor asteroids.Ground-based synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is an observation technique for high resolution imaging of asteroids.The ground-based SAR requires a long integration time to achieve a large synthetic aperture,and the echo signal will be seriously affected by temporal-spatial variant troposphere.Traditional spatiotemporal freezing tropospheric models are ineffective.To cope with this,this paper models and analyses the impacts of temporal-spatial variant troposphere on ground-based SAR imaging of asteroids.For the background tropo-sphere,a temporal-spatial variant ray tracing method is proposed to trace the 4D(3D spatial+temporal)refractive index network provided by the numerical weather model,and calculate the error of the background troposphere.For the tropospheric turbulence,the Andrew power spectral model is used in conjunction with multiphase screen theory,and varying errors are obtained by tracking the changing position of the pierce point on the phase screen.Through simulation,the impact of temporal-spatial variant tropospheric errors on image quality is analyzed,and the simulation results show that the X-band echo signal is seriously affected by the troposphere and the echo signal must be compensated.

Comprehensive analysis of cell-extracellular matrix protein Ras suppressor-1 in function and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancers

BACKGROUND Ras suppressor 1(RSU1),a highly conserved protein,plays an important role in actin cytoskeleton remodeling and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion.Aberration of RSU1 activity can cause changes in cell adhesion and migration,thereby enhancing tumor proliferation and metastasis.However,the correlation between RSU1 and gastrointestinal cancers(GICs),as well as its prognostic role related to tumor-infiltrating immune cells(TIICs)remains unclear.AIM To shows RSU1 plays a potential promoting role in facilitating tumor immune escape in GIC.METHODS Differential expression of RSU1 in different tumors and their corresponding normal tissues was evaluated by exploring the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA)dataset.The correlation between RSU1 expression and prognosis of GIC cancer patients was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier plotter.Then,RSU1-correlated genes were screened and functionally characterized via enrichment analysis.The correlation between RSU1 and TIICs was further characterized using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource(TIMER).In addition,the correlation between RSU1 and immune cell surface molecules was also analyzed by TIMER.RESULTS High RSU1 expression was associated with poor overall survival of gastric cancer patients,exhibiting a hazard ratio(HR)=1.36,first progression HR=1.53,and post progression survival HR=1.6.Specifically,high RSU1 Levels were associated with prognosis of gastric cancer in females,T4 and N3 stages,and Her-2-negative subtypes.Regarding immune-infiltrating cells,RSU1 expression level was positively correlated with infiltration of CD4+T cells,macrophages,neutrophils,and dendritic cells(DCs)in colorectal adenocarcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma.RSU1 expression was also predicted to be strongly correlated with immune marker sets in M2 macrophage,DCs and T cell exhaustion in GICs.CONCLUSION In gastrointestinal cancers,RSU1 is increased in tumor tissues,and predicts poor survival of patients.Increased RSU1 may be involved in promoting macrophage polarization,DC infiltration,and T cell exhaustion,inducing tumor immune escape and the development of tumors in GICs.We suggest that RSU1 is a promising prognostic biomarker reflecting immune infiltration level of GICs,as well as a potential therapeutic target for precision treatment through improving the immune response.

代谢组学在中药炮制机制研究中的应用概述

炮制入药,是中医临床用药的三大特色之一,也是保证饮片质量和临床疗效的重要环节。中药炮制机制研究作为中药炮制学和中药现代化的关键,但是目前研究大多以化学和药理学的方法进行探讨,其深度和广度还有待加强。代谢组学作为后基因组时代新近发展起来的一门科学,现已成为中药物质基础研究的重要组成部分,并在中药炮制研究中已使用。从中药炮制减毒、增效、缓性以及生熟异用等方面论述代谢组学在中药炮制机制研究中的应用,初步分析并探讨了代谢组学应用于中药炮制机制研究所存在的问题及发展趋势。