大肠癌是我国常见肿瘤，其发病率已位居恶性肿瘤谱的第3—5位，且呈继续上升趋势。我国20多年大肠癌的流行病学研究明确了中国人大肠癌的危险因素为肠息肉史、慢性腹泻、慢性便秘、粘液血便、精神刺激史、饮不洁水史、阑尾手术史和家族...大肠癌是我国常见肿瘤，其发病率已位居恶性肿瘤谱的第3—5位，且呈继续上升趋势。我国20多年大肠癌的流行病学研究明确了中国人大肠癌的危险因素为肠息肉史、慢性腹泻、慢性便秘、粘液血便、精神刺激史、饮不洁水史、阑尾手术史和家族肿瘤史等，并在此基础上建立了数量化的评价模式AD值，结合RPHA-FOB为初筛，肠镜为精筛，建立并优化了大肠癌的序贯筛检方案，在人群中应用取得了较好的结果，适合全国推广。同时，以人群为基础，以队列研究和整群随机对照试验的方法，对两个大肠癌现场进行群体防治，从普通人群中检出大肠癌高危人群或癌前病变，对癌前病变腺瘤和息肉进行摘除(即对高危人群进行干预)，有效预防了大肠癌的发生并大幅度降低全人群大肠癌死亡率与发病率。 Summary Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the most common causes of death from cancer in China. During the past twenty years, several case-control studies revealed the high risk factors of CRC in China, which were personal history of intestinal polyp,chronic diarrhea, feces with mucin and blood, psychic attack, drinking of unclear water, operation on appendix, history of chronic constipation and family history of cancer. From these factors, a risk-asessment mode (AD value) was constructed, combined with RPHA-FOB, a mass screening mode was established and applied into common people, awarded with a good result. The populationbased CRC prevention including randomized trial has been conducted in two fields( Haining city and Jiashan city in Zhejiang province), which demonstrated that removal of CRC pre-cancer lesions such as adenomas and polyps could reduce CRC incidence and mortalitv remarkablv.展开更多
文摘大肠癌是我国常见肿瘤，其发病率已位居恶性肿瘤谱的第3—5位，且呈继续上升趋势。我国20多年大肠癌的流行病学研究明确了中国人大肠癌的危险因素为肠息肉史、慢性腹泻、慢性便秘、粘液血便、精神刺激史、饮不洁水史、阑尾手术史和家族肿瘤史等，并在此基础上建立了数量化的评价模式AD值，结合RPHA-FOB为初筛，肠镜为精筛，建立并优化了大肠癌的序贯筛检方案，在人群中应用取得了较好的结果，适合全国推广。同时，以人群为基础，以队列研究和整群随机对照试验的方法，对两个大肠癌现场进行群体防治，从普通人群中检出大肠癌高危人群或癌前病变，对癌前病变腺瘤和息肉进行摘除(即对高危人群进行干预)，有效预防了大肠癌的发生并大幅度降低全人群大肠癌死亡率与发病率。 Summary Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the most common causes of death from cancer in China. During the past twenty years, several case-control studies revealed the high risk factors of CRC in China, which were personal history of intestinal polyp,chronic diarrhea, feces with mucin and blood, psychic attack, drinking of unclear water, operation on appendix, history of chronic constipation and family history of cancer. From these factors, a risk-asessment mode (AD value) was constructed, combined with RPHA-FOB, a mass screening mode was established and applied into common people, awarded with a good result. The populationbased CRC prevention including randomized trial has been conducted in two fields( Haining city and Jiashan city in Zhejiang province), which demonstrated that removal of CRC pre-cancer lesions such as adenomas and polyps could reduce CRC incidence and mortalitv remarkablv.
