AIM Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) ,known to play a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune diseases, is now implicated in tumorogenesis. This study aimed to determine if MIF expression is associated wit...AIM Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) ,known to play a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune diseases, is now implicated in tumorogenesis. This study aimed to determine if MIF expression is associated with the progression of gastric pathology and to determine if there is a difference in MIF expression between non-malignant and malignant gastric cells in vitro. METHODS Ninety patients(M/F, 54/36, age, 56±16 years), 15 with normal gastric mucosa, 15 with H. pylori-associated chronic antral gastritis,20 with intestinal metaplasia in antra, and 40 with antral adenocarcinoma, were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine MIF expression in epithelial cells of gastric antra, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure MIF concentration in serum. Five gastric cancer cell lines (AGS,MKN-45,MKN-28,MGC-803 and SGC-7901) and one non - malignant gastric cell line (GES-1) were cultured for 24 hours. MIF protein in the super natant was measured by ELISA,and MIF mRNA in cultured cells was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS MIF expression in epithelial cells was weak in normal mucosa (12%) ,but increasingly elevated in gastritis (52%) ,intestinal mataplasia (66%) and gastric cencer(96%)(P<0.001, ANOVA). Serum MIF level was also increased with the pathological changes (576±82 pg/ml in normal mucosa,2100±349pg/ml in gastritis,4498±253pg/ml in intestinal mataplasia and 9737±1249pg/ml in gastric cancer, P<0.001,ANOVA). There was a significant correlation between epithelial MIF expression and serum MIF level (R=0.776,P<0.001). In vitro, expression of MIF protein and mRNA was increased in malignant cells, compared to non-malignant cells. CONCLUSIONS Epithelial and sertrn MIF expression is significantly increased in H. pylori - associated gastritis,and particularly in intestinal metaolasia and ,qastric cancer, implying that MIF is involved in the gastric carcinogenesis.展开更多
Background Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. However, its molecular function and role in gastrointestinal diseases has rarely been studied ...Background Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. However, its molecular function and role in gastrointestinal diseases has rarely been studied and thus warrants an in-depth investigation. This study was designed and conducted to determine MIF expression in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastritis and the effect of H. pylori on MIF expression in monocytes in vitro. Methods Gastric specimens of 62 patients with chronic gastritis were obtained through endoscopic biopsies. Both gastric antrum and body were examined for histopathologic changes. Positive H. pylori was determined through rapid urease test and histopathological examination. A patient was classified as H. pylori positive if both tests showed positive results. The updated Sydney System was employed to assess the severity and activity of gastric inflammation. Double immunoassaying for MIF/T-cells (CD45RO) and MIF/macrophage (KP1), as well as in situ hybridization for the expression of MIF mRNA were used for the current analysis. THP-1, a monocyte cell line, was co-incubated with H. pylori strains (ATCC26695) and subsequently examined for the expression of MIF protein and mRNA by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and retrospective transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results Among 62 patients with chronic gastritis, significant increase in total T-cells, MIF+ T-cells, total macrophages, MIF+ macrophages and MIF mRNA+ cells was observed in 42 H. pylori positive patients compared to H. pylori negative patients. Moreover, the increase of the MIF mRNA+ cells was highly correlated with the severity of the disease(number of MIF mRNA+cells/mm2, mild: 2834±382, moderate: 3569±123, severe: 3881±118, P<0.01). In vitro results showed that the expression of MIF protein and mRNA in monocytes was significantly increased after incubation with H. pylori strains.Conclusions Overexpression of MIF is common in H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation, which suggests MIF may play an important role in the initiation and development of this disease.展开更多
A time domain Kelvin source high order panel method based on NURBS is developed and applied to solve the unsteady wave making problems. Numerical results of instant wave resistance and free surface elevation are pr...A time domain Kelvin source high order panel method based on NURBS is developed and applied to solve the unsteady wave making problems. Numerical results of instant wave resistance and free surface elevation are presented and compared with the availaby results by other authors, for submerged spheroid and sphere beneath the free surface and for surface ship of Wigley models moving with unsteady speed. The agreement is satisfying.展开更多
An efficient multi block incompressible viscous flow solver based on solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations numerically has been developed that can be applied to simulation of a variety of shi...An efficient multi block incompressible viscous flow solver based on solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations numerically has been developed that can be applied to simulation of a variety of ship maneuvering related flows and calculation of hydrodynamic forces. Validation and verification of the solution procedure were carried out on several model problems with good agreement to experimental and numerical results.展开更多
文摘AIM Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) ,known to play a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune diseases, is now implicated in tumorogenesis. This study aimed to determine if MIF expression is associated with the progression of gastric pathology and to determine if there is a difference in MIF expression between non-malignant and malignant gastric cells in vitro. METHODS Ninety patients(M/F, 54/36, age, 56±16 years), 15 with normal gastric mucosa, 15 with H. pylori-associated chronic antral gastritis,20 with intestinal metaplasia in antra, and 40 with antral adenocarcinoma, were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine MIF expression in epithelial cells of gastric antra, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure MIF concentration in serum. Five gastric cancer cell lines (AGS,MKN-45,MKN-28,MGC-803 and SGC-7901) and one non - malignant gastric cell line (GES-1) were cultured for 24 hours. MIF protein in the super natant was measured by ELISA,and MIF mRNA in cultured cells was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS MIF expression in epithelial cells was weak in normal mucosa (12%) ,but increasingly elevated in gastritis (52%) ,intestinal mataplasia (66%) and gastric cencer(96%)(P<0.001, ANOVA). Serum MIF level was also increased with the pathological changes (576±82 pg/ml in normal mucosa,2100±349pg/ml in gastritis,4498±253pg/ml in intestinal mataplasia and 9737±1249pg/ml in gastric cancer, P<0.001,ANOVA). There was a significant correlation between epithelial MIF expression and serum MIF level (R=0.776,P<0.001). In vitro, expression of MIF protein and mRNA was increased in malignant cells, compared to non-malignant cells. CONCLUSIONS Epithelial and sertrn MIF expression is significantly increased in H. pylori - associated gastritis,and particularly in intestinal metaolasia and ,qastric cancer, implying that MIF is involved in the gastric carcinogenesis.
文摘Background Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. However, its molecular function and role in gastrointestinal diseases has rarely been studied and thus warrants an in-depth investigation. This study was designed and conducted to determine MIF expression in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastritis and the effect of H. pylori on MIF expression in monocytes in vitro. Methods Gastric specimens of 62 patients with chronic gastritis were obtained through endoscopic biopsies. Both gastric antrum and body were examined for histopathologic changes. Positive H. pylori was determined through rapid urease test and histopathological examination. A patient was classified as H. pylori positive if both tests showed positive results. The updated Sydney System was employed to assess the severity and activity of gastric inflammation. Double immunoassaying for MIF/T-cells (CD45RO) and MIF/macrophage (KP1), as well as in situ hybridization for the expression of MIF mRNA were used for the current analysis. THP-1, a monocyte cell line, was co-incubated with H. pylori strains (ATCC26695) and subsequently examined for the expression of MIF protein and mRNA by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and retrospective transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results Among 62 patients with chronic gastritis, significant increase in total T-cells, MIF+ T-cells, total macrophages, MIF+ macrophages and MIF mRNA+ cells was observed in 42 H. pylori positive patients compared to H. pylori negative patients. Moreover, the increase of the MIF mRNA+ cells was highly correlated with the severity of the disease(number of MIF mRNA+cells/mm2, mild: 2834±382, moderate: 3569±123, severe: 3881±118, P<0.01). In vitro results showed that the expression of MIF protein and mRNA in monocytes was significantly increased after incubation with H. pylori strains.Conclusions Overexpression of MIF is common in H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation, which suggests MIF may play an important role in the initiation and development of this disease.
文摘A time domain Kelvin source high order panel method based on NURBS is developed and applied to solve the unsteady wave making problems. Numerical results of instant wave resistance and free surface elevation are presented and compared with the availaby results by other authors, for submerged spheroid and sphere beneath the free surface and for surface ship of Wigley models moving with unsteady speed. The agreement is satisfying.
文摘An efficient multi block incompressible viscous flow solver based on solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations numerically has been developed that can be applied to simulation of a variety of ship maneuvering related flows and calculation of hydrodynamic forces. Validation and verification of the solution procedure were carried out on several model problems with good agreement to experimental and numerical results.
