Development and application of rapid rehabilitation system for reconstruction of maxillofacial soft-tissue defects related to war and traumatic injuries

Background: Maxillofacial war injuries usually cause severe facial organ defects and deformities, handicapping the patient's daily activities, even result in a tendency to commit suicide. The application of maxillofacial prosthesis is an alternative to surgery in functional–aesthetic facial reconstruction. Computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing has opened up a new approach to the fabrication of maxillofacial prosthesis. An intelligentized rapid simulative design and manufacture system for prosthesis was developed to facilitate the prosthesis fabrication procedure.Methods: Maxillofacial prosthesis rapid simulation design and rapid fabrication system consists of three components: digital impression, intelligentized prosthesis designing, and rapid manufacturing. The patients' maxillofacial digital impressions were taken with Structured-light 3D scanner; and then the 3D model of prostheses and their negative molds could be designed in specific software; finally, with the resin molds fabricated by rapid prototyping machine, the prostheses could be produced directly and quickly.Results: Fifteen patients of maxillofacial defect caused by traumatic injuries received prosthesis rehabilitation provided by the established system. The contour of the prostheses coordinated properly with the appearance of the patients, and the uniform-thickness border sealed well to adjacent tissues. All the patients were satisfied with their prostheses.Conclusions: The rapid simulative rehabilitation system of maxillofacial defects has been approaching completion. It could provide advanced technological reservation for the Army in the issue of maxillofacial defect rehabilitation.

Skarn mineralogy and its geological significance for the Tayuan (Cu-Mo)-Pb-Zn deposit, northern Daxinganling metallogenic belt

The Tayuan(Cu-Mo)-Pb-Zn deposit is located in the northern part of Daxinganling,NE China.Lenticular ore body occurs in the skarn zone.The skarn minerals mainly include garnet,pyroxene,epidote and wollastonite.Electron microprobe analysis shows that the end member of garnet is mainly andradite(Ad_(62-97)Gr_(11-45),the pyroxene is mainly diopside,and epidote is mainly clinozoisite.These characteristics indicate that the Tayuan polymetallic skarn deposit is mainly calcareous skarn.Sometimes the content zonation can be observed in garnets.With one garnet crystal,content is shifty from the core to the rim.In general,the iron content in the core is higher than in the edge.The content in the garnet shows that the garnet in the Tayuan deposit formed from weak oxidation in alkaline environment with the oxygen fugacity increasing,suggesting that the hydrothermal fluid evolved from an acidic to a slight alkaline state.In the Tayuan polymetallic deposit,the ratio of Mn/Fe in pyroxene is about 1.3,and of Mg/Fe,it is about 2.The components of garnet in the Tayuan deposit plot in the field of the typical skarn Zn,Cu,Mo deposits in the world.

Ohmic contact properties of p-type surface conductive layer on H-terminated diamond films prepared by DC arc jet CVD

With the advantages of high deposition rate and large deposition area, polycrystalline diamond films prepared by direct current （DC） arc jet chemical vapor deposition （CVD） are considered to be one of the most promising materials for high-frequency and high-power electronic devices. In this paper, high-quality self-standing polycrystalline diamond films with the diameter of 100 mm were prepared by DC arc jet CVD, and then, the p-type surface conductive layer with the sheet carrier density of 10^11-10^13 cm-2 on the H-terminated diamond film was obtained by micro-wave hydrogen plasma treatment for 40 min. Ti/Au and Au films were deposited on the H-terminated diamond surface as the ohmic contact electrode, respectively, afterwards, they were treated by rapid vacuum annealing at different temperatures. The properties of these two types of ohmic contacts were investigated by measuring the specific contact resistance using the transmission line method （TLM）. Due to the formation of Ti-related carbide at high temperature, the specific contact resistance of Ti/Au contact gradually decreases to 9.95 × 10^-5 Ω-cm2 as the temperature increases to 820℃. However, when the annealing temperature reaches 850℃, the ohmic contact for Ti/Au is degraded significantly due to the strong diffusion and reaction between Ti and Au. As for the as-deposited Au contact, it shows an ohmic contact. After annealing treatment at 550℃, low specific contact resistance was detected for Au contact, which is derived from the enhancement of interdiffusion between Au and diamond films.

Carrier transport characteristics of H-terminated diamond films prepared using molecular hydrogen and atomic hydrogen

The H-terminated diamond films, which exhibit high surface conductivity, have been used in high-frequency and high-power electronic devices. In this paper, the surface conductive channel on specimens from the same diamond film was obtained by hydrogen plasma treatment and by heating under a hydrogen atmosphere, respectively, and the surface carrier transport characteristics of both samples were compared and evaluated. The results show that the carrier mobility and carrier density of the sample treated by hydrogen plasma are 15 cm^2·V^（-1）·s^（-1） and greater than 5 × 1012 cm^（-2）, respectively, and that the carrier mobilities measured at five different areas are similar. Compared to the hydrogen-plasma-treated specimen, the thermally hydrogenated specimen exhibits a lower surface conductivity, a carrier density one order of magnitude lower, and a carrier mobility that varies from 2 to 33 cm^2·V^（-1）·s^（-1）. The activated hydrogen atoms restructure the diamond surface, remove the scratches, and passivate the surface states via the etching effect during the hydrogen plasma treatment process, which maintains a higher carrier density and a more stable carrier mobility.

Performance analysis of GaN-based high-electron-mobility transistors with postpassivation plasma treatment

AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors(HEMTs)with postpassivation plasma treatment are demonstrated and investigated for the first time.The results show that postpassivation plasma treatment can reduce the gate leakage and enhance the drain current.Comparing with the conventional devices,the gate leakage of Al Ga N/Ga N HEMTs with postpassivation plasma decreases greatly while the drain current increases.Capacitance-voltage measurement and frequencydependent conductance method are used to study the surface and interface traps.The mechanism analysis indicates that the surface traps in the access region can be reduced by postpassivation plasma treatment and thus suppress the effect of virtual gate,which can explain the improvement of DC characteristics of devices.Moreover,the density and time constant of interface traps under the gate are extracted and analyzed.

Epidermal visualized health monitoring system based on stretchable and washable TPU hybrid conductive microtextiles

Electronic textiles,an emerging class of electronic technology,offer exciting opportunities for seamless integration with the human body.Numerous applications have been developed based on electronic textiles.However,researches on integrating multiple electronic textilebased devices are still few.In this study,we present a system integrated with an electrocardiogram monitoring sensor and an electroluminescence device based on stretchable and washable conductive micro textiles.The signal is acquired by an electrocardiograph amplifier and displayed by a dual-color electroluminescence device based on the processed results.The integrated electronic device has excellent moisture permeability and comfort for long-term wearing.The system reported in this study opens a new avenue for the application of electronic textiles in health monitoring,robotic prosthetics,and competitive sports.

Comparison of Composition and Diversity of Bacterial Microbiome in Human Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract

INTRODUCTIONMicrobiome residing in the airways and parenchymal tissues, as a biological barrier of respiratory tract, plays an important role in maintaining the normal functions of individual＇s respiratory system and preventing the invasion and colonization of exogenous pathogens.H1 Changes of microbial community may result in the occurrence and progression of infectious pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic diseases, through disordering commensal microorganisms and increasing invasive ability of pathogens.F21 Traditional methods for detecting bacteria normally rely on culture technique, which have a number of critical problems, including time-consuming and relatively low positive rate of detection. In the last 1 0 years, 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique has been thought to be more comprehensive and reliable than those of culture-dependent methods for monitoring bacterial microbiome in skin, organs, and tracts quantitatively and qualitatively.E31 In this case, choosing credible samples are critical to evaluate the community composition of microbiome in the host tracts, including respiratory tract. In the present study, we aimed to compare the composition and diversity of bacterial community structure in different samples collected from the individuals＇ airways using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique.

High-sensitivity and wide-bandwidth fiber-coupled diamond magnetometer with surface coating

Mapping magnetic fields from different materials and structures can provide a powerful means for broad applications of activity probe and feature analysis.Here,we present a high-sensitivity and wide-bandwidth fiber-based quantum magnetometer at the scale of a few hundred micrometers.We propose a fiber-coupled diamond magnetometer.Tracking a pulsed optically detected magnetic resonance spectrum allows a magnetic field sensitivity of 103 pT∕■and a bandwidth of 2.6 k Hz.Additionally,with an approach of coating the diamond surface with silver reflective film,both the fluorescence collection and excitation efficiency are significantly enhanced,and the sensitivity and bandwidth are expected to be further improved to 50 pT∕■and 4.1 k Hz,respectively.Finally,this fiber-based quantum magnetometer is applied as a probe to successfully map the magnetic field induced by the current-carrying copper-wire mesh.Such a stable and compact magnetometer can provide a powerful tool in many areas of physical,chemical,and biological researches.